完整版高中英语语法非谓语动词之动词不定式讲解及习题可编辑修改word版.docx
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完整版高中英语语法非谓语动词之动词不定式讲解及习题可编辑修改word版
动词不定式
一．动词不定式的时态
一般式
进行式
完成式
完成进行式
（not）todo
（not）tobe
doing
（not）tohave
done
（not）tohave
beendoing
动词不定式的
谓语动词的动
动词不定式的
动词不定式的
动作与谓语动
作发生时，动词
动作发生在谓
动作在谓语动
词的动作同时
不定式的动作
语动词动作或
词动作之前，且
（或几乎同时）
正在发生
特定时间之前
一直在持续
发生或发生在
谓语动词动作
之后
练习：
1.I’mveryhappy（hear）thattheGermanteamwonthe
match.
2.Sheissaid（study）inFrance.
据说她正在法国留学。
3.Hepretended（sleep）whenhisyoungerbrother
camein.
当他弟弟进来时，他假装在睡觉。
4.Whenyoucalledmeup,Ihappened（prepare）
dinner.
你给我打电话时，我正好在做饭。
5.Youarelucky（get）ticketstothefootballmatch.
你买到了足球赛门票，真幸运。
6.Heappears（wait）hereforalongtime.
他似乎在这里等了很久。
（仍然在等待）单选
1.Weagreedherebutsofarshehasnotturnedupyet.
A.havingmetB.meeting
C.tomeetD.tohavemet
2.CharlesBabbageisgenerallyconsideredthefirst
computer.
A.toinventB.inventing
C.tohaveinventedD.havinginvented
3.Tomhappenedwhentheyspokeillofhim.
A.passingbyB.tobepassingby
C.topassingbyD.tohavingpassedby
4.Thedoctorwarnedthepatientnottoeatsugar.I’msorry
toldyouaboutit.
A.tohavenotB.tonothave
C.nottohaveD.nothaving
5.ThecrowdcheeredwildlyatthesightofLiNa,whowassaid
amiracleinthetennis.
A.makingB.havingmade
C.tohavemadeD.make
6.Thepolicearenowsearchingforawomanwhoisreportedto
sincetheearthquakehitthearea.
A.havebeenmissingB.miss
C.bemissedD.havemissed
二．动词不定式的被动语态
一般式
完成式
tobedone
tohavebeendone
不定式动作发生在谓语动作之后
或同时发生
不定式动作发生在谓语动作之前
1.Sheasked（send）toworkinTibet.
她要求被派到西藏去工作。
2.Ingeneral,peopledonotlike（makefunof）.
一般说来，人们都不喜欢被他人取笑。
3.Thebookissaid（translate）intomorethan
30languages.
据说这本书已被翻译成了30多种语言。
4.Thecompanyrequireshim（go）abroadfor
furtherstudy.
5.Theboyfeltannoyed（interrupt）whenhewas
playinggames.
注意：
动词不定式主动形式表示被动意义的常见情形
1.名词/代词+be+easy/difficult/fit+动词不定式
2.Therebe+名词+todo
这周有很多家庭作业要做。
3.Sbhave/get/want/need+宾语+todo
我有一些椅子要修。
4.give/show/buy/lendsbsthtodoHewillshowyouthewaytotake.Pleaselendhimsomebookstoread.
5.betoblamefor
Thefirmwastoblamefortheaccident.
单选
1.Themessageisveryimportant,soitissupposedoutas
soonaspossible.
A.tobesentB.tosend
C.beingsentD.sending
2.Doletyourmotherknowallthetruth.Sheappears
Everything.
A.totellB.tobetold
C.tobetellingD.tohavebeentold
3.Whenelephantseathugequantitiesofleavesandgrasses,otheranimalshavetroublefindingenoughfood.
A.tobeeatenB.eating
C.toeatD.beingeaten
4.Inmanypeople’sopinion,theCEOofthecompany,thoughrelativelyyoung,ispleasant.
A.todealwithB.dealingwith
C.tobedealtwithD.dealtwith
5.Thefluisbelievedbyvirusesthatliketoreproduceinthe
cellsinsidethehumannoseandthroat.
A.causeB.beingcaused
C.tobecausedD.tohavecaused
6.Itisunclearwhetherfaultydesignorpoorconstructionwas
forthecollapseofthebuilding.
A.blamingB.blamed
C.beingblamedD.toblame
三．动词不定式作主语
1.Itbe+形容词（difficult/easy/hard/important/impossible/interesting/necessary）+forsb+不定式
2.Itbe+形容词（careful/clever/wise/impolite/nice/right/wrong/bad/kind）+ofsb+不定式
3.Itbe+名词（pleasure/pity/crime/shame/honour）+不定式
4.Ittakes（sb）time+不定式练习：
1.basicfirst-aidtechniqueswillhelpyourespondquicklyto
emergencies.
A.KnownB.Havingknown
C.ToknowD.Beingknown
2.Accordingtothedoctor,wouldbegoodforyoutohavea
holiday.
A.thisB.thatC.oneD.it
3.It’sstandardpracticeforacompanylikethisoneasecurity
officer.
A.employedB.employing
C.toemployD.employs
4.takesconfidencetomakeanewstart——there’sadark
periodin-betweenwhereyou’areneitheronethingnortheother.
A.ThatB.ThisC.OneD.It
5.Ittookalongtimefortheconnectionbetweenbodytemperatureandillness.
A.tomakeB.tobemade
C.makingD.beingmade
6.Althoughregularexerciseisveryimportant,it’sneveragoodidea
tooclosetobedtime.
A.toexercisingB.toexercise
C.exercisingD.exercises
四，动词不定式作宾语
1.agree/decline（谢绝，婉拒）/refuse/offer/promise/choose/decide/determine/intend（打算）/manage（设法）/expect/wish/tend（趋向，倾向）/mean（打算）/pretend（假装）/afford……+不定式
2.动词后接不定式和动名词的区别
stoptodo
stopdoing
remembertodo
rememberdoing
forgettodo
forgetdoing
trytodo
trydoing
goontodo
goondoing
allowsbtodo
allowdoing
regrettodo
regretdoing
meantodo
meandoing
3.有些动词后接不定式和动名词作宾语时，意思差别不大，如like/love/begin/start/prefer/continue/hate/intendtodo/doing
4.feel/find/make/think/believe/considerit+adj./n.+不定式
5.advise/decide/discuss/learn/know/show/tell+疑问词+不定式
6.①介词but/except/besides+todo
②介词but/except/besides前面有实义动词do及其各种形式时，but/except/besides+do（to省略）
Theyoungmanhadnochoicebut（go）abroadforfurther
studyatthattime.
WhatcanMarydobesides（try）tosellherhouse?
Heusedtodonothingbut（lie）inbed,listeningtotheradio.
Shewantsnothingbut（drink）acupoftea.
单选
1.Davidthreatenedhisneighbourtothepoliceifthe
damageswerenotpaid.
A.tobereportedB.reporting
C.toreportD.havingreported
2.ThecitizensweretoldfirecrakersaftertheSpring
Festival.
A.notsetoffB.don’tsetoff
C.notsettingoffD.nottosetoff
3.Inthewest,peoplemakearuletosendChristmaspresents
totheirrelativesandfriends.
A.thisB.thatC.itD.one
4.Wefeelourdutytomakeourcountryabetterplace.
A.itB.thisC.thatD.one
5.Thetwogirlsaresoalikethatstrangersfinddifficultto
tellonefromtheother.
A.itB.themC.herD.that
6.Theteacheraskedussomuchnoise.
A.don’tmakeB.notmake
C.notmakingD.nottomake
7.ThechairmanthoughtnecessarytoinviteProfessorSmith
tospeakatthemeeting.
A.thatB.itC.thisD.what
五．动词不定式作表语（表示目的和结果）和定语
1.系动词+表语系动词：
be
seem、appear
2.动词不定式一般作后置定语，修饰前面的名词或代词。
（1）thefirst/thesecond/thelast/thebest/theonlything+不定式（后置定语）
（2）Thereisnothingtoworryabout.
ThecityIchosetoliveinwasShenzhen.
Pleasegivemeaknifetocutwith.
单选
1.Myfive-yearplanisintodifferentmarketsandopenupan
entitythatfocusessolelyonnonprofitorganisations.
A.expandB.toexpand
C.tobeexpandingD.tohaveexpanded
2.Therearestillmanyproblemsbeforewearereadyfora
longstayontheMoon.
A.solvingB.solved
C.beingsolvedD.tobesolved
3.ThateconimicboomledtoLuandabeingnamedthemostexpensivecityintheworld.
A.toliveinB.tolive
C.livingD.livingin
4.——Thelastonepaysthemeal.
——Agreed!
A.arrivedB.arrivesC.toarriveD.arriving
六．动词不定式作状语
1.动词不定式作目的状语
Hedrewamaptoshowushowtogettohishouse.
Toaccomplishthetaskontime,wehavetoworkdayandnight.
为了加强语气，在动词不定式前面可以加inorder/soasHeranveryquicklysoasto/inordertocatchthelastbus.注意：
soasto引出的目的状语不能放在句首；
inorderto引出的目的状语既可以放在句首也可以放在句子后部。
2.动词不定式作结果状语
1.only/never+动词不定式：
强调结果和失望的情绪。
Theyhurriedtotherailwaystation,onlytofindthatthetrainhadleft.Hewentofftothewar,nevertoreturnalive.
2.Sbbe+对人进行表扬或批评的形容词（right/polite/crazy/geneous/kind/nice/greedy/silly）+动词不定式
练习：
1.Herushedbacktocollecthiscameraafterthequake,only
thatthebuildinghadcollapsed.
A.findingB.havingfound
C.foundD.tofind
2.thedifficultmathsproblem,IhaveconsultedProfessor
Russellseveraltimes.
A.WorkingoutB.Workedout
C.ToworkoutD.Workout
3.——Ihopetotakethecomputercourse.
——Goodidea.moreaboutit,visitourwebsite.
A.TofindoutB.Findingout
C.TobefindingoutD.Havingfoundout
4.Anxiously,shetookthedressoutofthepackageandtriediton,only
itdidn’tfit.
A.tofindB.found
C.findingD.havingfound
5.Groupactivitieswillbeorganisedafterclassthechildren
developtheteamspirit.
A.helpingB.havinghelped
C.helpedD.tohelp
6.Whenyouareoutinnature,itisimportanttospeaksoftly
frightentheanimalsaway.
A.sonotastoB.soastonot
C.soasnottoD.notsoasto
七．动词不定式作补足语
1.allow/ask/advise/beg/cause/drive/encourage/expect/forbid/force/get/order/permit/persuade/teach/tell/want/warn/wishsbtodosth
2.感官动词（feel/hear/watch/see）、使役动词（let/have/make）sbdosth
Sbbemadetodosth
练习
1.Pauldoesn’thavetobemade.Healwaysworkshard.
A.learnB.tolearnC.learnedD.learning
2.Theyknewherverywell.Theyhadseenherupfrom
childhood.
A.growB.grewC.wasgrowingD.togrow
八．疑问词（who/whom/what/which/when/how/where）+动词不定式
注意：
why后面不直接加动词不定式练习
1.He’salreadyanxiousabouttodoifAmyleavesthe
company.
A.whatB.whereC.whichD.who
2.I’veworkedwithchildrenbefore,soIknowwhatinmynew
job.
A.expectedB.toexpect
C.tobeexpectingD.expect
3.——Canyougiveussomeadviceonwhatnext?
——Ofcourse.
A.doesB.todoC.tobedoneD.doing
4.AllIcanthinkaboutistogetthemoneytosavemy
daughter’slife.
A.whatB.whyC.howDwhich
5.There’resomanykindsoftape-recordersonsalethatIcan’tmakeupmymindtobuy.
A.whatB.whichC.howD.where
6.ItissaidinAustraliathereismorelandthanthegovernmentknows
.
A.itwhattodowithB.whattodoitwith
C.whattodowithitD.todowhatwithit
高考链接
2015高考
21.theearlyflight，weorderedataxiinadvanceandgotupveryearly.A.CatchingB.CaughtC.TocatchD.Catch
2015模拟
海淀一模
29.Mikewillbecomethefirstpersoninhisfamilycollegeeducation.
A.finishedB.havingfinishedC.finishingD.tofinish
朝阳一模
22.Inordertokeepfit,theoldmanmakesitaruleforawalkaf
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