基础英语2第二单元答案The讲课稿.docx
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基础英语2第二单元答案The讲课稿
基础英语2第二单元答案The
基础英语2第二单元答案The Virtues of Growing Older
Unit2 TheVirtuesofGrowingOlder
Textcomprehension
I. C
II. 1F;2F;3F;4T;5T.
III.
1.worshipingyouthandfearinggrowingold.Todelaytheeffectsofagingwithcosmeticsandphysicalexercises.
2.three.Lessconcernforone’sappearance;lessuncertaintyabouttheunknownsinthefuture;surerself-identity.
3.feeluncertainaboutwhatwillhappentothemandwhattheyshoulddo.
4.usecontraststructure“Beingyoungmeans…/Itmeans…”and“I…now/Inolonger…”
5.Thewriterlearnsthesignificancethatthenewer（younger）isnotnecessarilybetter,andshecanbehappierthanbeforeasshegrowsolder.
IV.
1.Womenarelesscapableofresistingthetemptationthetemptationoffashionthanmen.
2.makefriendswithdifferentpeopleinordertofindanewidentityforyourself.
Structuralanalysisofthetext
1. seeIII2.
2. Paragraph3:
thelastsentence;Paragraph4:
thesecondsentence;Paragraph5:
thefirstsentence.
SectionFourConsolidationActivities
Partone.VocabularyAnalysis
I. Phrasepractice
1.areaptto=arelikelyto 易于……，有……的倾向
e.g.Infantsareapttoputtheirhandsintotheirmouths. 婴儿爱把手往嘴里塞。
2.fallapart=breakup/disintegrate
3.ingeneral=asawhole 通常，大体上；总的来说，从总体上看
e.g.Ingeneral,thiscompany’sproductsareveryreliable. 这家公司的产品通常是很可靠的。
Ingeneral,thispaperisabitdifficultforthesestudentstofinishinanhour. 总的来说，让学生在一个小时内完成这份试卷有些困难。
4.atthemercyof=powerlessagainst;completelycontrolledby 对……无能为力；任……处置，任由……摆布
e.g.Somepeoplearebornwiththebeliefthattheyaremastersoftheirownlives.Othersfeeltheyareatthemercyoffate. 有些人天生相信自己是生命的主宰，另一些人则觉得他们受到命运的支配。
Idon’twanttoputmyselfatthemercyofothers. 我不希望任由他人摆布。
5.nowonder=notsurprising/onlytoonatural 不足为奇，并不奇怪
e.g.Itisnowonderthatitissowetinthesouth. 南方这么潮湿，并不奇怪。
Nowonderyou’resotired,you’veworkedthreehourswithoutabreak. 难怪你这么累，你已经连续工作了三个小时。
Itisnowonderthathefailedhisfinalexam. 他没能通过期末考试，这是不足为怪的。
II.
1.delay; 2.Feverishly; 3.façade; 4.confronted; 5.premise; 6.dreaded; 7.automatically; 8.awaiting.
III.Wordderivation
Fillintheblankswiththeappropriateformsofthegivenwords.
1.Shehasgotthisobsessive（obsess）fearoflosingcontrol,soshenevershowsheremotions.
2.Peopleunderalotofstressatworkwilloftenexperiencemoodiness（mood）,irritabilityandalossofconfidence.
3.Theywantedatolerable（tolerate）existence—morefood,bettershelter,andpeace.
4.Intheend,thecompanyanditsinvestorscametoamutuallybeneficial（benefit）arrangement.
5.Workingwiththementallyhandicappedcanbeasatisfying（satisfy）andrewardingexperience.
6.Frogscansearchforfoodunderwater,hidden（hide）frombirdsofprey.
7.WhenIaskedheraboutwhereshewantedthemeetingtobeheld,shedidn’texpressanyparticularpreference（prefer）.
8.Thecommitteehasmadefourspecificcriticisms（critical）ofthegovernment’stransportationpolicy.
1.obsessv. （使）牵挂，（使）惦念，（使）着迷
obsesseda. 着迷的
obsessionn. 困扰，沉迷，着魔
obsessivea. 着迷的，强迫性的，分神的
e.g. 爱丽丝被一个她刚刚认识的男孩迷住了。
Alice wasobsessedbyaboyshehasjustmet.
他一直想要找到他的父亲，但是最近这变成了一种狂热。
He’salwayswantedtofindhisfatherbutrecentlyit’sbecomeanobsession.
2.moodn. 心情，情绪
moodya. 易怒的，喜怒无常的，情绪化的
moodinessn. 忧郁
e.g. 我每个星期日情绪都很坏。
IamalwaysinabadmoodonSunday.
我的妻子在医院里心情不好。
Mywifeismoodyatthehospital.
3.toleratev. 容忍，忍受
tolerablea. 可容忍的
toleranta. 宽容的，容忍的
e.g. 她能忍受寒冷的天气。
Shecantoleratethecolddays.
这种炎热的天气在夜晚可以忍受。
Theheatwastolerableatnight.
4.benefitn. 利益；津贴
beneficiala. 有益的，有利的
beneficiaryn. 受惠者，受益人
e.g. 这项工程对每个人都大有好处。
Thisprojectisofgreatbenefittoeveryone.
新鲜空气有益于健康。
Freshairisbeneficialtoourhealth.
她的丈夫是她遗嘱的主要受益人。
Herhusbandisthechiefbeneficiaryofherwill.
5.satisfyv. 使满意，满足
satisfactionn. 满意
satisfactorya. 令人满意的
e.g. 观赏一幅美丽的图画使人心满意足。
Lookingatabeautifulpaintingalwaysgivesonesatisfaction.
她对现状根本不满意。
Sheisnotatallsatisfiedwiththepresentsituation.
6.hidev. 隐藏，隐瞒
hidingn. 隐藏，躲藏
hiddena. 隐藏的，秘密的
e.g. 她设法不表露自己的感情。
Shetriedtohideherfeelings.
警察正在追赶藏匿起来的杀人犯。
Thepolicearefollowingamurdererwho’sinhiding.
7.preferv. 较喜欢；宁可
preferablea. 更好的，更合意的
preferencen. 偏爱，优先，喜爱物
preferentiala. 优先的；优惠的
e.g. 我更喜欢牛奶，而不是咖啡.
Iprefermilktocoffee.
我父亲感到在乡村生活比在城市生活要好些。
Myfatherfindscountrylifepreferabletolivinginthecity.
对于求职者，我们优先考虑有一定经验的人。
Inconsideringpeopleforjobs,wegivepreferencetothosewithsomeexperience.
8.criticala. 批评的；决定性的，关键的
criticn. 批评家，评论家
criticismn. 批评，评论
criticizev. 批评；非难
e.g. 他的行为招致尖锐的批评。
Hisbehaviorcalledforthsharpcriticism.
他批评了我的冒险活动。
Hecriticizedmytakingrisks.
IV.
1.C; 2.D; 3.A; 4.A; 5.B; 6.D; 7.C; 8.B.
V.Synonym/Antonym
Giveasynonymoranantonymofthewordunderlinedineachsentenceinthesenseitisused.
1.AdvertisementsconvinceustobuyGrecianFormulaandOilofOlaysowecanhidethegrayinourhair.
Synonym:
conceal,disguise
2.Mylegsweretooheavy,myshoulderstoobroad,mywaisttoobig.
Antonym:
narrow
3.TheircontentmentholdsoutgreatpromiseformeasImoveintothenext—perhapsevenbetter—phaseofmylife.
Synonym:
satisfaction,happiness,joy
4.TheVirtuesofGrowingOlder
Synonym:
merits,advantages
5.Myroundedfigureseemsfine,andIdon’tdenymyselfasliceofpecanpieifIfeelinthemood.
Synonym:
fat,plump
6.Daveliftedweights,tookmegadosesofvitaminsanddrankahalf-dozenmilkshakesadayinordertoturnhiswiryadolescentframeintosomemuscularideal.
Synonym:
well-built
7.Thetwoofusenjoywearingfashionableclothes,butwearenolongerslavestostyle.
Antonym:
old-fashioned,outdated
8.Obviously,Istillhaveimportantchoicestomakeaboutmylife,butIhavealreadymademanyofthecriticaldecisionsthatconfrontthosejuststartingout.
Synonym:
clearly,evidently
VI. Prefix
Writeineachspaceonewordthathasthesameprefixasunderlinedineachgivenword.
1.preface prepare 5.periphery perimeter
2.prologue progress 6.dialogue diameter
3.foresight foresee 7.semifinal semiconductor
4.paralysis parallel 8.devaluate decelerate
1.Explanation:
pre-:
beforesomeoneorsomething
e.g.prewar,precondition,precaution,prediction
2.Explanation:
pro-:
before
e.g.proceed,procession,provision
3.Explanation:
fore-:
beforeorinthefrontof
e.g.foreword,foretell,forecast,forehead
4.Explanation:
para-:
ononeside
e.g.paragraph,parallel
5.Explanation:
per-:
surrounding
e.g.periodic,period
6.Explanation:
dia-:
passthroughbetweensth.
e.g.dialectic,diagram,diagnosis
7.Explanation:
semi-:
halforpartly
e.g.semicircle,semi-final,semi-skilled
8.Explanation:
de-:
reduce
e.g.declass,degrade,deduce
PartTwo GrammarExercises
1.concretenouns&abstractnouns
Concretenounsarewordsweuseforpeople,places,orthingsthatwecanobservewithatleastoneofourfivesenses.Theabstractclassistheopposite—wecanneverexperiencethesenounsaccordingtooursenses.
Whilethisdistinctionissometimesuseful,theboundarybetweenconcreteandabstractisnotalwaysclear.Somenounscanbeusedasuncountablenounswhentheyrefertoathingingeneralandcountablenounswhentheyrefertoaparticularinstanceofit,consider,forexample,thenounart,whichusuallyreferstoaconcept:
e.g.Artisanimportantelementofhumanculture.
Butitcanrefertoaspecificartworkincertaincontexts:
e.g.Iputmydaughter’sartuponthefridge.
Thisistheproblemofcontextwithinsentences.
I.Completethefollowingsentenceswiththeappropriateformsofthenounsgiven.
1.agony.
2.agonies.
3.experience.
4.experiences.
5.youth.
6.ayouth.
7.Mychildrenare__agreathelp__tome.（great,help）
8.Theboyhad__agoodknowledge__ofmathematics.（good,knowledge）
9.agrayhair
10.Heislookingfor__work__.（work）
II.1A; 2B; 3D; 4C; 5A; 6B; 7B; 8C.
III.alotof; alittle; some; afew; A; some; some; alotof; X.
many; X; alotof.
2.quantifiers&determiners（every,each,everyone,everyone,all）
Eachandeveryhavesimilarbutnotalwaysidenticalmeanings.
each=everyoneseparately
every=each,all
Sometimes,eachandeveryhavethesamemeaning:
e.g.Pricesgoupeachyear.
Pricesgoupeveryyear.
Butoftentheyarenotexactlythesame.
Eachexpressestheideaof“onebyone”.Itemphasizesindividuality.
e.g.Eachartistseesthingsdifferently.
Everyishalf-waybetweeneachandall.Itseesthingsorpeopleassingular,butinagrouporingeneral.
e.g.EverysoldiersalutedasthePresidentarrived.
Eachcanbeusedinfrontoftheverb:
e.g.Thesoldierseachreceivedamedal.
Eachcanbefollowedby“of”:
e.g.ThePresidentspoketoeachofthesoldiers.
Everycannotbeusedfortwothingswhileeachcan:
e.g.Hewascarryingasuitcaseineachhand.
Everyisusedtosayhowoftensomethinghappens:
e.g.ThereisaplanetoBangkokeveryday.
Everyonemeans“everybody”andisusedwhenyouwanttorefertoallthepeopleinagroup:
e.g.Everyoneinmyfamilylikesspaghetti.
Butifyou’rere
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