软骨和骨--组织学和胚胎学.ppt

软骨和骨--组织学和胚胎学.ppt

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CartilageandBone1.Cartilage:

organ=Cartilagetissue+perichondrium1）structureofcartilagetissue-cell:

chondrocyte-cartilagematrixchondrocyte:

-Structure:

LMembeddedincartilagelacunaperipheralcells:

-smallandimmature-singleandflattenedcentralcell:

-largeandmature,-roundandingroupof2-8cells-smallandroundnucleus-basophiliccytoplasm-EM:

richinRERandGolgicomplex*isogenousgroup:

severalcellslocatesinonelacuna,whicharederivedfromasingle（same）parentcellCartilagematrix-groundsubstance:

proteoglycan:

-sametolooseCT-therearemorechondroitinsulfatedistributedattheperipheryofcartilagelacuna-calledascartilagecapsule（basophilic）water-fiber:

typeandnumberoffiberdependsonthetypeofcartilage2）Classification:

accordingtothefibera.Hyalinecartilage:

lesscollagenousfibrilarticularsurface,ribcartilage,tracheaandbronchib.Fibrouscartilage:

largeamountofcollagenousfiberbundlescellsaresmallandlessintervertebraldisc,symphysispubisc.Elasticcartilage:

largeamountofelasticfiberexternalear,epiglottis3）perichondriumtwolayers:

-outlayer:

containmorefiber-protection-innerlayer:

morecells-osteoprogenitorcell（fusiforminshape）4）growthofcartilage-interstitialgrowth:

innerchondrocyteproliferationproducefiberandmatrix.immaturecartilage-appositionalgrowth:

osteoprogenitorcellchondroblastchondrocyteproducefiberandmatrix.growingandmaturecartilage2.Bone-consistsofbonetissue,periosteumandendosteum,bonemarrow1）BonetissueCells:

a.osteoprogenitorcell:

stemcell-structure:

fusiform,smallovoidnucleusslightbasophiliccytoplasmexistinperiosteumandendosteum-function:

differentiatedintoosteoblastandchondrocyteb.osteoblast:

-structure:

LM:

singlelayerofcuboidalorlowcolumnarcellroundnucleusbasophiliccytoplasmlocatedonthesurfaceofbonetissueEM:

fineprocessesrichinRER,Golgicomplex-function:

.synthesizebonecollagenfiberandgroundsubstance-osteoid.releasematrixvesicle:

0.1umindiametermembrane-coatedfunction:

promotecalcificationc.osteocyte-structure:

flattenedcellwithmultiplelongthinprocesseslocatedinbonelacunaandbonecanaliculusbasophiliccytoplasmadjacentcellsconnectinbonecanaliculusbygapjunctions-function:

Maintainbonematrixd.osteoclast-structure:

LM:

multinuclearlargecell,30-100um6-50nucleiacidophiliccytoplasmlocatedatperipheralpartofboneEM:

ruffledborder-processeslightzone:

-undertheruffledborder-microfilamentprimarylysosome,pinosomeandsecondarylysosomeRER,mito.andGolgi-function:

dissolveandabsorbbonematrixBonematrix-organicmatter:

bonecollagenfiber-collagenousfiber（typeIcollagen）groundsubstance:

glycosaminoglycan-inorganicmatter:

bonesaltsHydroxyapatitecrystal:

Ca10（PO4）6（OH）2pin-shapedlongitudinalarranged*bonelamella:

bonematrixarrangedinlayersatdifferentdirection2）ArchitactureoflongboneLongboneisanorgan,madeupofbonetissue（shaftandepiphyses）,periosteumandendosteum,bonemarrowshaft:

consistsofcompactbonea.circumferentiallamella:

/outerconcentrically-arranged/inneraroundinnersurfaceofboneb.Haversiansystem（osteon）:

/cylindricstructure,3-5mm/centralcanal:

N,BV,CT/Haversianlamella:

4-20layersc.interstitiallamella:

/irregularlamella/remnantofHaversianorcircumferentiallamella*perforatingcanal:

/transversecanal/connectwithHaversiancanalepiphyses:

composedofspongybone-trabeculae:

formedbyparallelly-arrangedlamellaformaspongy-likednetwork-Bonemarrow:

hemopoietictissueperiosteumandendosteum:

CTmembrane-periosteum:

DCTouterlayer:

morefiberbundlesformperforatingfiberinnerlayer:

richinBV,Nandosteoprogenitorcells-endosteum:

thin,alayerofosteoprogenitorcellandCT-function:

providenutritionandosteoblastforbonegrowthandrepairing3）osteogenesisSelfstudy!