Unit 59 听力.docx

Unit 59 听力.docx

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Unit59听力

Unit5language

ListeningI

Everyculturehasitsownwayofsayingthings,itsownspecialexpressions.Thesearethelivingspeechofapeople.The"soap"expressionsinEnglisharejustoneexample.

Soapoperasareradioandtelevisionplaysabouttheproblemsandemotionsinhumanrelationships.Theyarecalledsoapoperasbecausethefirstprograms-yearsago-werepaidforbysoap-makingcompanies.

Likemusicaloperas,soapoperasarenotaboutrealpeople.Andcriticschargethattheydonotrepresentabalancedpictureofreallife.Theynotethatalmosteveryoneinasoapoperahasaseriousemotionalproblem,orisguiltyofacrime.Andthereareseveralcrisesineveryprogram.

Yet,soapoperafansdonotcareaboutwhatthecriticssay.Theylovetheprogramsandwatchthemeveryday.

SuchloyaltyhasmadesoapoperasverypopularintheUnitedStates.Infact,Afewprogramsaresopopularthattheyhavebeenproducedwiththesameactorsformanyyears.

Anotherexpressionthatusesthewordsoapis“soapbox”.

Therewasatimewhensoapandotherproductswereshippedinwoodenboxes.Theboxesweresmall,butstrong.Youcouldstandononetoseeovertheheadsinacrowdortobeseeninacrowd.Soapboxeswereasimple,easywaytomakeyourselftallerifyouwantedtogiveapublicspeech.

Suchsoapboxspeechesusuallywerepoliticalandone-sided.Thespeakersshoutedtheirideastoanyonewhowalkedby.Manytalkedforhoursrefusingtogetofftheirsoapboxes.

Today,youdon’tneedawoodenboxtomakeasoapboxspeech.Anyone,anywhere,whotalksendlesslyaboutacauseissaidtobeonasoapbox,.

Another,quieterwaytowinsupportorgaininfluenceisto“soft-soap”aperson.Thismeanstousepraiseorotherkindwordstogetthepersontodowhatyouwant.

Exercise1.Plays,realpeople,reallife,emotionalproblem,popular2.publicspeech,makethemselvestaller,political,one-sided3.soft-soap,praise,kindFFTTTT

ListeningII

A:

DoyouthinklearnersshouldtrytospeakEnglishwithanative-speakerpronunciation?

B:

That'sadifficultquestiontoanswer.Ithinkthemostimportantthingistobeunderstoodeasily.Formostlearners,it'snotnecessaryordesirabletospeaklikeanativespeaker.Forsomelearners,forexample,thosewhoeventuallywanttoteachEnglish,orbeinterpretersperhaps,anative-speakerpronunciationistheultimategoal.Atleast,that'swhatIthink.

A:

ChildrenoftendonotwanttospeakEnglishwithanative-speakerpronunciation.Whynot?

B:

Ingeneral,childrenaresplendidmimicsandimitatestrangesoundsveryeasilyandwell.However,itistruethatmostchildrendonotwanttosound"English"whentheyarespeakingEnglish.ThismaybepartlyduetoshynessbutIthinkthemainreasonisthatmostchildrenwanttobelongtoagroup—theydressalike,listentothesamemusic,sharethesameopinionsandhobbies.EvenifachildcanspeakEnglishlikeanativespeaker,heorshewillusuallychoosenotto—unless,ofcourse,therestofthegroupspeakswithanative-speakerpronunciationtoo.

A:

Whatisthemainreasonwhyadultsfindpronunciationdifficult?

B:

Numerousreasonshavebeenofferedforthedifficultieswhichmanyadultsfindwithpronunciationand,nodoubt,thereissometruthinallofthese.Itseemstobethecasethatchildrenarebettermimicsthanadults.Butifanadultreallywantstoachieveanative-speakerpronunciation,thenheorshecan.ItisNOTthestudent'sownlanguagethatpreventshimorherfromachievinganative-speakerpronunciationinEnglish.Itisthefactthattheadultstudenthasastrongsenseofnationalidentity.Inotherwords,heorshewantstobeidentifiedasaGermanorBrazilianspeakingEnglish.Inmyopinion,thissenseofnationalidentityismoreimportantthanotherexplanations,suchasthegreateranxietyofadultsortheeffectoftheirownlanguagehabits.

Exercise1C2A3Dbeunderstoodeasily;necessary,desirable;splendid;prevent,fromachieving;anxiety,effect

ListeningIII

（Dr.Mallardisanexpertonbilingualeducation.Shehasashowonradiothroughwhichsheanswersquestionsfromparentsabouthowtoraisetheirchildrentobebilingual.）

Dr.Mallard:

Hello,sir.Youareonair.

John:

Oh,hello.Dr.Mallard?

Dr.Mallard:

Yes,HowmayIhelpyou?

John:

Dr.Mallard,mynameisJohn.MywifeMariaandIjusthadourfirstbabygirl.

Dr.Mallard:

Congratulations,John.Youmustbeveryexcited.

John:

Yes,weareindeed.HereiswhyIcalled.MariaisfromPeru,andspeaksfluentSpanishandfairlygoodEnglish,dependingonthesituation.IamanativeEnglishspeakerandIalsospeakalmostfluentSpanish.WeliveintheU.SandcommunicateinSpanishathome95%ofthetime.

Dr.Mallard:

Isee.Pleasegoon.

John:

Myquestionisthis:

howshouldwecommunicateinordertoensurethebilingualsuccessofourchild?

Dr.Mallard:

OK.FromwhatyoutoldmeIguessyouandyourwifehavealreadystartedusingmostlySpanishwithyournewborngirl.Isthatcorrect?

John:

Yes.IthinkusingSpanishwithherjustfeelskindofnaturaltobothofus.

Dr.Mallard:

Thatisfine,becauselanguageuseswithinafamilyshouldbenatural:

weusethelanguagestobuildafamilyrelationship,notto“teach”thelanguages.

John:

ButisitreasonabletoassumethatourbabywillbeexposedtoenoughEnglishintheworldoutsideourhouseandthereforeitwillbeOKforustospeaktoheralmostsolelyinSpanish?

Dr.Mallard:

Well,inmyopinion,yes.AndIalsobelievethatyourbabywillhavealotofexposuretoEnglishathomeaswell.ShewilllistentonotonlymusicandtalkontheTV,butalsorelativeandfriendswhoarevisitingortelephoning.Besides,shemayalsohaveEnglishinputfromyouyourself:

forexample,youmaywanttosingtohertheEnglish-languagenurseryrhymesthatyourememberfromyourownchildhood.

John:

Ok.Thatreallyeasesmymind.Thankyousomuch,Dr.Mallard.

Dr.Mallard:

Youarewelcome.

ExerciseTFFFTTfairlygood;ensure,success;natural,familyrelationship;exposure;visitingortelephoning

ListeningIV

Talkshowhost:

Welcometotonight'sprogram.OurguestisDr.CharlesAdams,languagelearningspecialist.Hisbook,LearningaLanguageoverEggsandToastisonthebestsellerlist.Welcome.

Dr.Adams:

Thankyou.Talkshowhost:

Tellusaboutthetitleofyourbook.

Dr.Adams:

First,itisimportanttoestablisharegularstudyprogram,likeplanningafewminuteseverymorningaroundbreakfasttime.

Talkshowhost:

But,ItookSpanishforfouryearsandIdidn'tbecomeaproficientspeakerofit.

Dr.Adams:

Well,wecanbecomefluentspeakersinamatterofafewminuteshereandthere.Weshouldfollowaregularcourseofstudyandrememberthatthereisadifferencebetweennativefluencyandproficiencyinalanguage.Iproposethelatter.

Talkshowhost:

Whatarethebasickeysyousuggest?

Dr.Adams:

PeoplemustorganizetheirstudybysettingrealisticandattainablegoalsSomepeoplethinktheycanlearnthelanguagein30daysandbecomediscouragedwhentheycan’t..Smallstepsarethekey.Learningfivenewwordsadayandlearningtousethemactivelyisfarbetterthanlearning30andforgettingthemthenextday.

Talkshowhost:

Um-hum.Youmentionedindividuallearningstyles.Canyouexplainwhatyoumeanbylearningstyle?

Dr.Adams:

Sure.Peoplehavedifferentwaysoflearning.Somearevisuallearnerswhoprefertoseemodelsofthepatternstheyareexpectedtolearn.Otherareauditorylearnerswhofavorhearinginstructionsoverreadingthem..Ourpreferencesaredeterminedbyfactorssuchaspersonality,culture,andpastexperiences.

TalkShowHost:

Whatisyourlearningstyle?

Dr.Adams:

Ilearnbydoing.

Talkshowhost:

Whatdoyoumeanbythat?

Dr.Adams:

Iknowitmightsoundunusual,butmovingaroundwhiletryingtolearnhelpsme.WhileIcutuptomatoesandonionsformybreakfastinthemorning,Imightrecitealoudvocabularytotherhythmoftheknife.

Talkshowhost:

Whatismylearningstyle?

Dr.Adams:

You'regoingtohavetoreadmybooktofindthatout.

Talkshowhost:

OkayThankforjoiningus.Dr.Adams:

Mypleasure.

Exercise1C2C3A4BEggs,Toast;realistic,farbetterthan,forgetting;determined,personality,culture;recitealoud

Part4FurtherlisteningListeningI

Languageisthemostimportantdevelopmentinhumanhistory.Thearts,science,laws,economicsystemsandreligionsoftheworldcouldnotexistwithoutlanguage.Humanshaven'tchangedbiologicallyverymuchforsome40,000years.however,ourabilitytocommunicatehasledusformthecaveallthewaytothemoon.

Littleisknownaboutthebirthoflanguage.Writtenrecordsthataremorethan4,000yearsoldhavebeenfound,butscientiststudyhumanbeingsagreethathumanswereprobablyspeakingthousandsofyearsbeforethat.

Today,mostofuslearntotalkbytheageofthree,andfortherestofourliveswerarelystop.Evenwhilewearereadingorjustthinking,weareinasense"talking",ifonlytoourselves.Languageissomuchapartofhumanexistencethatwewillbetalkingaslongasweinhabittheearth.AslinguistDavidThompsonnotes,"whenlanguagedies,sowillman."

Exercise1）economic2）religions3）exist4）biologically5）40,0006）cave7）Written8）humanswereprobablyspeakingthousandsofyearsbeforethat9）Evenwhilewearereadingorjustthinking,weareinasense"talking"10）Languageissomuchapartofhumanexistencethatwewillbetalkingaslongasweinhabittheearth

ListeningII

Receptionist（R）:

Englishlanguagecenter.MayIhelpyou?

Caller（C）:

Yes.I'mcallingtofindoutmoreinformationaboutyourEnglishlanguageprogram.

R:

Well,firstofall,thepurposeofourprogramistoprovidelanguage-learningoppor