A Silent Way of Speaking The Use of Body Language.docx

A Silent Way of Speaking The Use of Body Language.docx

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ASilentWayofSpeakingTheUseofBodyLanguage

ASilentWayofSpeaking—TheUseofBodyLanguage

Abstract:

Thelanguageregardsthesocialintercourseasthetool.Itisnotonlytheculturalcarrier,butalsotheculturalconstitution.“Bodylanguage”,asanimportantpartofthenonverbalcommunication,isalsoapartofourculture.Notallbodylanguagemeansthesamethingindifferentcultures.Differentpeoplehavedifferentwaysofmakingnonverbalcommunication.Withthedevelopmentoftheeconomy,“bodylanguage”willbecomemoreandmoreimportantinourdailylifeandwork.

Thisarticlefirstlymadetheintroductionfromtheculturalangeltothebodylanguageindifferentculturalcontextmeaning.AndthenitdiscussedthedifferencebetweentheEastandWestinthespace,eyecontact,physicalcontact,gesturesandsoon.FinallyitemphasizedtheimportanceofthebodylanguageinEnglishteaching.Withthecontinualreformoflanguageteachingandlearningmethods,teachersareingreatdemandtoorganizetheEnglishteachingandcreateEnglish-learningcircumstanceswiththehelpofthefacialexpressionsandbodymovement.Fromthispaper,wecanalsoseethatthepossibilityandtheefficiencyofusingbodylanguageinlisting,speaking,readingandwriting.

Keywords:

nonverbalcommunication,bodylanguage,culture,ways,Englishteaching

摘要:

语言作为社会交际工具，既是文化的载体，又是文化的组成部分，那么作为非语言系统中最重要组成部分的“身势语”也是文化的一部分。

在不同的文化中，“身势语”的意义并不完全相同。

随着经济的发展，“身势语”在我们的日常生活和工作中先的日益重要。

本文首先从文化角度对“身势语”在不同的文化背景中的含义作了介绍，探讨了东西方人在空间距离、目光接触、身体接触、手势动作等方面的文化差异。

最后着重强调了“身势语”在英语教学方面的重要性。

随着语言教学和学习方法的不断变革，教师迫切需要使用一些面部表情和肢体动作做辅助。

从本文我们可以了解到“身势语”的使用在听、说、读、写方面的必要性和实效性.

关键词：

非语言交际；身势语；文化；方式；英语教育

Contents

Abstract………………………………………………………………………i

摘要…………………………………………………………………………ii

Contents……………………………………………………………………iii

Introduction…………………………………………………………………1

1.Thenecessityandimportanceofbodylanguage………………………1

1.1Thenecessityandimportanceoflearningbodylanguageonnonverbalcommunication………………………………………………………………1

1.2ThenecessityandimportanceofusingbodylanguageinEnglishteaching………………………………………………………………………2

2.Thetypesofbodylanguage………………………………………………3

2.1Space…………………………………………………………………3

2.2Physicalcontact………………………………………………………4

2.3Eyecontact……………………………………………………………6

2.4Gesture………………………………………………………………7

3.ApplicationofthebodylanguageinEnglishteaching………………9

3.1Bodylanguagehelpstoimprovelistening……………………………9

3.2Bodylanguagehelpstoimprovespeaking…………………………10

3.3Bodylanguagehelpstoimprovereading……………………………11

3.4Bodylanguagehelpstoimprovewriting……………………………12

Conclusion…………………………………………………………………13

Bibliography………………………………………………………………14

Acknowledgement………………………………………………………15

Introduction

Nonverbalcommunication,composedofpictures,dresses,eyecontact,specialsignals,gesturesandsoon,isasimportantasverbalcommunication.Bodylanguageisanimportantmediumthroughwhichpeoplecommunicatewitheachother.Itreferstothepatternsoffacialexpressionandgesturesthatpeopleusetoexpresstheirfeelingsincommunication.Thespecialistonbodylanguageresearch,Fen.Lafle.Angles,oncesaid:

“[1]onceitwaslost,ababycouldnothavegrownintoanormalperson”.It’salsotruetothejuveniles.Peoplecommunicateinmanydifferentways.Wehavebeensosuccessfulinusing,describingandanalyzingthisspecialkindofcommunicationthatweactasiflanguageweretheonlykindofcommunicationthatcanoccurbetweenpeople.

1.Thenecessityandimportanceofbodylanguage

1.1Thenecessityandimportanceoflearningbodylanguageonnonverbalcommunication

Althoughwemaynotrealizeit,whentalkingwithotherswecommunicatebymuchmorethanwords.Byourexpressions,gesturesandotherbodymovementswesendmessagestopeoplearoundus.Asmileandanoutstretchedhandshowwelcome.Noddingone’sheadmeansagreement—“Yes”,wavinganoutstretchedhandwithopenpalmisthegesturefor“goodbye”.Backinone’sseatandginningatatalkorlectureshowslackofinterest,boredom.Thesegestureshavecometobeacceptedingeneralashavingthemeaningmentioned,atleasttoChineseandAmerican.Theyarepartofthewaysinwhichwecommunicate.This“Bodylanguage”,likeourverballanguage,isalsoapartofourculture.

Butnotallbodylanguagemeansthesamethingindifferentcultures.ToNepalose,SriLankans,someIndiansandsomeEskimos,“Yes”doesn’tmean“yesteachingmethods”,but“no”.Soinordertocommunicateeffectivelyinaforeignlanguage,oneshouldalsoknowthegestures,bodymovements,etc,thataccompanyaparticularlanguage.[8]

1.2ThenecessityandimportanceofusingbodylanguageinEnglishteaching

Englishteachingisakeypartoftheschooleducation.ThecommunicatedEnglishmeansthatteachersinstructthestudentsandexplainquestionsbasicallyinEnglish,andthestudentsarealsorequiredtouseEnglishinclasscontemporarily.However,thestudentsinthemiddleschoolcan’tspeakverywell;neithercantheyunderstandwhytheyshouldusedifferenttonesindifferentsituation.Theirvocabularyandexpressiveabilityarelimitedtoo.TheselimitationsmadeitdifficulttorealizethecommunicatedEnglishintheclasses.

Accordingtothestudents’spresentlevelandpracticalsituation,bodylanguageisrequired.Forexample,itiseasytounderstandforthestudentsiftheteacherlooksatsometwostudents,whengivinganinstructionandsays:

you,two,pleasecometogether.”Thentheteacherpointstothebackboard.Thestudentswillcarryouttheorderwithoutobstacleeveniftheydon’thearthekeywords”blackboard”clearly.

Fromtheabovewecanlearn,theuseofbodylanguageinEnglishteachingisnecessaryandpractical.IntheEnglishinmiddleschools,bodylanguageisfrequentlyusedtoimprovetheteachingeffectandthestudents’ability.

2.Thetypesofbodylanguage

2.1Space

IfwewatchanArabandanEnglishmaninconversation,wewillnoticetheArab,showingfriendlinesstohispeople,willstandclosetotheEnglishman.Thelatterwillmoveback,wantingtokeepacertaindistanceconsideredproperbytheEnglishman.TheArabwillthenmovecloser,theEnglishmanwillkeepmovingbackward.Bytheendoftheconversation,thetwomaybequiteadistancefromtheplacewheretheywereoriginallystanding!

Here,distancebetweenthetwoisthekeyfactor.Accordingtostudies,itseemstherearefourmaindistancesinAmericansocialandbusinessrelations:

intimate,personal,social,andpublic.Intimatedistancerangesfromdirectphysicalcontacttoadistanceofabout45centimeters,whichisforpeople’smostprivaterelationsandactivity,betweenmanandwife,forexample.Personaldistanceisabout45-80centimetersandismostcommonbetweenfriends,acquaintances,andrelatives.Socialdistancemaybeanywherefromabout1.30metersto3meters.Peoplewhoworktogether,orpeopledoingbusiness,aswellasmostofthoseinconversationatsocialgatheringstendtokeepadistanceofabout1.30-2meters.Publicdistanceisfurtherthananyoftheaboveandisgenerallyforspeakersinpublicandforteachersinclassrooms.

TheimportantthingtokeepinmindisthatmostEnglish-speakingpeopledonotlikepeopletobeclose.Beingtoofarapart,ofcourse,maybeawkward,butbeingtooclosemakespeopleuncomfortable,unlessthereisareason,suchasshowingaffectionorencouragingintimacy.Butthatisanothermatter.

InaFrenchcompany,likeinaJapaneseoffice,officialssharespaceinalarge,openarea.Thebosssitsinthecenteroftheroom,unlesshehasaprivateoffice,butthatwillbeinthecenteralso,withtherestofthestaffmembersradiatingoutandthenewestemployeesittingattheperiphery.

2.2Physicalcontact

WhenDorothyreceivesaweddinginvitationtoattendherJapanese’swedding,sheisthrilled.ShehasalwaysadmiredtheYamashitafamily.SheisveryfondofLance.Theabout-to–be–marriedson,andfeelsextremelyclosetoGrace,hismother.Dorothyfeelshonoredtobeincludedinthefamilyfestivities.

Afterthebeautifulchurchceremony,Dorothystandsinthelinetogreetthebridalparty.However,whenDorothy,averyaffectionateperson,stepsforwardtoembracethemotherofthegram,Gracestepsbackward.Dorothyfeelsrejected.

Evenonsuchajoyousoccasionasawedding,Japanesecustomsaboutphysicalcontactinpublicarenotrelaxed,evenwhentalkingbetweenthesamesexes.Truly,moreformalityisdemonstratedinsuchsituations.Considertheextremereservedisplayedatthe1993royalweddingofGrownPrinceNaruhitotoMissiakosOwada.Thephysicalactsoftheroyalcoupleconsistedonlyofsippingsacredsakeandmakingbows—notouching,nohugging,nokissingbetweenthecouple,certainlynobytheweddingguests.Insituationlikethese,itisbesttoobservethemannerinwhichotherweddingguestscongratulatefamilymembersandthenfollowtheirexample.

Theappropriatenessofphysicalcontactvarieswithdifferentcultures.Figuresfromastudyofferinterestinginsightintothismatter.Pairsofindividualssittingandchattingincollegeshopsindifferentplaceswereobservedforonehoureach.Thenumberoftimethateitheronetouchedtheotherinthathourwasrecorded,asfollows:

London,0;Gainesville,Florida,2;Paris,10;SanJuan,Puerto,180.Thesefiguresspeakforthemselves（Robinett,1978）

InEnglish-speakingcountries,physicalcontactisgenerallyavoidedinconversationamongordinaryfriendsoracquaintances.Merelytouchingsomeonemaycauseanunpleasantreaction.Ifonetouchesanotherpersonaccidentally,sheusuallyuttersanapologysuchassorry,oh,I’msorry,excuseme.

Inchina,acommoncomplaintfromwesternmothersisthatChineseofte