高中英语状语从句讲解及练习.docx
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高中英语状语从句讲解及练习
状语从句
状语从句在句中作状语,可分为:
时间、条件、让步、原因、目的、结果、比较、地点、方式状语从句。
一、时间状语从句
引导时间状语从句的连词有:
when,as,while,until,not…until,before,after,since,theminute,themoment,each(every,next,thefirsttime等。
时间状语从句中一般用一般现在时或一般过去时。
1.When,while,as都可解释为“当```的时候”但侧重点有所不同。
1When
Eg:
WhenIarrivedhome,Ihadalittlerest.
注意点:
when从句的主语与主句主语相同,谓语动词是be动词时,从句主语和be可以省略。
Eg:
When(shewaswalkingalongthestreet,shemetherclassteacher.
2As
As除了表示“当```的时候”,还可表示为“一面```一面”,“随着”
Eg:
Hesangashedanced.(一面```一面
Youwillgrowwiserasyougrowolder.(随着
3While表示“当```的时候”强调主句的动作和从句的动作同时发生,从句一般
用进行时,从句动词必须是延续性动词。
Eg:
Whilewewereworking,theywerehavingarest.
While(theywerehavingadiscussion,theygotveryconfused.
注意点:
while有对比的含义,解释为“然而”。
eg:
Ipreferblacktee,whilehelikescoffee.
2.until,not…until表示“直到```才”,在肯定句中主句常用延续性动词;在否定句
中主句常用短暂性动词。
肯定句:
Iwaiteduntilmidnight.
否定句:
Ididnotleaveuntilmidnight.
注意点:
1notuntil…在句首,主句用倒装
eg:
NotuntilyouhadexplainedhowdidImanagetodoit.
2Itisnotuntil…that…引导的强调句
Itwasnotuntilitwasdarkthathecameback.
3.theminute,themoment,eachtime都可表示“一```就```”
eg:
Theworkerrecognizedthetypeofthemachinethemomenthesawit.
注意点:
theminute,themoment,each(every,next,thefirsttime作连词不和when连用。
4.Hardly/scarcely…when,nosooner…than,assoonas表示为“一```就```”
eg:
Ihadhardly/scarcelygothomewhenitbegantorain.
Ihadnosoonergothomethanitbegantorain.
ItbegantorainassoonasIgothome.
注意点:
Hardly/scarcely…when,nosooner…than位于句首,主句用倒装
eg:
HadIhardly/scarcelygothomewhenitbegantorain.
NosoonerhadIgothomethanitbegantorain.
二条件状语从句
条件状语从句分为两大类:
真实条件句和虚拟条件句。
引导条件状语从句的连词有:
if,evenif/though,unless/if…not,aslongas/solongas,asfaras/sofaras,provided/providing(that,onconditionthat等。
条件状语从句中如果主句是将来时,条件状语从句用一般现在时。
1.unless和if…not
unless相当于if…not
eg:
Youwillfailunlessyoustudyhard.
Youwillnotfailifyoustudyhard.
注意点:
在虚拟条件句中可用if…not,但不能用unless
eg:
Ifshewerenottoosilly,shewouldunderstand.
2.引导条件状语从句的其它连词:
Eg:
Youmaygothere,aslongasyoukeepquite.
Eg:
Ishallgiveyouthebookonconditionthatyoureturnittomorrow.
Eg:
Iwillgoprovidedthatyougotoo.
三让步状语从句
引导让步状语从句的连词有:
though,although,evenif/though,however,nomatterhow,nomatterwhat,nomatterwho等。
1.though,although不可与but连用,但可以和yet,still连用.
Eg:
Though/Althoughitisraining,theyarestillrunningoutside.
注意点:
1though可引导倒装(although不引导倒装,结构为:
强调对象+as/though+主语+其它成分,强调对象可为表语(名词、形容词或状语(副词,表语为名词时,前面不用冠词。
Childas/thoughhewas,heknewwhatwastherightthingtodo.
Tiredasheis,hegoesonwithhiswork.
2despite和inspiteof也有让步意义,后接名词或动词,而though,although
是连词,后接从句。
Eg:
Despite/Inspiteofwantingtoseehimagain,sherefusedtoreplytohisletter.
Though/althoughshewantedtoseehimagain,sherefusedtoreplytohisletter.2.“nomatter+疑问词”或“疑问词+后缀ever”
eg:
Nomatterwhathappened,hewouldnotmind.
Whateverhappened,hewouldnotmind.
注意点:
nomatter+疑问词不能引导名词性从句
3.evenif/though表示“即使”
eg:
Hedoesn’twanttomarryherevenif/thoughhelovesherverymuch.
四原因状语从句
引导原因状语从句的连词有:
because,since,as,nowthat,consideringthat,forthereasonthat,duetothefactthat,owingtothefactthat等
1.because
because语气最强,通常用于回答why提出的问题
注意点:
在itwas…that…的强调结构中,强调原因状语从句可用because引导,不用since,as,for引导。
Eg:
Itisbecausesheistooinexperiencedthatshedoesnotknowhowtodealwiththesituation.
2.since和as
since的语气比because弱,比as强,表示间接的,已知的原因,自然的结果,表示“既然,由于”。
Eg:
As/Sinceyouarenotverywell,youhadbetterhavearest.
3.for
当for表示原因关系时,for分句是对第一分句内容的推断或猜测。
Eg:
Itmusthaverainedlastnight,forthegroundiswetnow.
五目的状语从句
引导目的状语从句的连词有:
sothat,inorderthat,lest,incase,forfearthat等。
Eg:
Youmustspeakloudersothat/inorderthatyoucanbeheardbyall.
Hewrotethenamedownforfearthatheshouldforgetit.
Bettertakemoreclothesincasetheweatheriscold.
注意点:
lest,incase,forfearthat所引导的状语从句中,动词可以用虚拟语气,形式为should+动词原形,也可不用虚拟语气,用动词的一般现在时或一般过去时。
Eg:
Youhadbetterleavethekeyathomeincaseoneofusshouldthinkof/thinksofcomingback.
六结果状语从句
引导结果状语从句的连词有:
sothat,so…that,such…that等
eg:
Heissoyoungthathecannotgotoschool.
Heissuchayoungboythathecannotgotoschool.
1.常用句型:
so+形容词/副词+that从句
so+形容词+a/an+单数可数名词+that从句
such+a/an+形容词+单数可数名词+that从句
such+形容词+复数可数名词/不可数名词+that从句
2.so和such的搭配规律
such修饰名词或名词词组,so修饰形容词或副词,so还可接many,few,much,little等。
Eg:
sofoolishsuchafool
soniceaflowersuchaniceflower
somany/fewflowerssuchniceflowers
somuch/littlemoneysuchrapidprogress
somanypeoplesuchalotofpeople
七比较状语从句
引导比较状语从句的连词有:
as…as,than,notso…as,themore…themore等
如:
HespeaksEnglishasfluentlyashisbrother(does
Ican’tjumpso/ashighashe(does
Therearemoreworkersinthisfactorythanintheonenexttoit.
Themoreyouread,themoreinteresting,youwillfindthenovelis.
连接词than可作为关系代词用。
如:
Hewrotemorethanwasnecessary
Don’tcarrymoremoneythanisneeded
八地点状语从句
引导地点状语从句的连词有:
where,wherever以及where构成的复合词等
eg:
Shefoundhercalculatorwhereshelostit.
WhereverIam,Iwillmissyou.
注意点:
eg:
IhappenedtoseeyourdictionaryliewhereIuseditlasttime.(地点状语从句
IhappenedtoseeyourdictionarylieinthelabwhereIuseditlasttime.(定语从句
九方式状语从句
引导方式状语从句的连接词有as,justas,asif/though(一般用虚拟语气,也有用直陈语气的等。
EG:
Justdoasyouaretold.
Theworkerswentonworkingasifnothinghadhappened.
Hetalkedtothegirlasthoughhehadfalleninlovewithher.
在justas---,so---结构中,as带有比喻含义。
意为“正如”,多用于正式文体。
EG:
Justassomepeoplelikesports,sosomepeoplelikemusic.
theway也可引导方式状语从句。
EG:
youshouldoperatethemachinethewayIdo.
基础题
1.We'dbetterhurry______itisgettingdark.
A.and
B.but
C.as
D.unless
2.Ididn'tmanagetodoit_____youhadexplainedhow.
A.until
B.unless
C.when
D.before
3._____hecomes,wewon'tbeabletogo.
A.Without
B.Unless
C.Except
D.Even
4.Ihurried_____Iwouldn'tbelateforclass.
A.since
B.sothat
C.asif
D.unless
5._____Icatchacold,Ihavepaininmyback.
A.Everytime
B.Though
C.Even
D.Where
6.What'sthematter_____theystillhaven'tansweredthetelegram?
A.when
B.that
C.though
D.however
7.Bringitnearer_____Imayseeitbetter.
A.although
B.eventhough
C.sothat
D.since
8.YoumayarriveinBeijingearly_____youmindtakingthenighttrain.
A.that
B.though
C.unless
D.if
9.Helenlistenedcarefully_____shemightdiscoverexactlywhatsheneeded.
A.inthat
B.inorderthat
C.incase
D.eventhough
10.Morepeoplewilleatoutinrestaurants_____theydotoday.
A.than
B.when
C.while
D.as
11._____hardshetries,shecanhardlyavoidmakingmistakesinherhomework.
A.Much
B.However
C.As
D.Although
12.Poor_____itmaybe,thereisnoplacelikehome,_____youmaygo.
A.as;wherever
B.though;whenever
C.inspiteof;when
D.that;wherever
13.Thechildwas__immediatelyaftersupper.
A.enoughtiredtogotobed
B.tootiredtogotobed
C.sotiredthathewenttobed
D.verytired,hewenttobed
14.Thehistoryofnursing__thehistoryofman.
A.asoldas
B.isoldthan
C.thatisasoldas
D.isasoldas
15._____borninChicago,theauthorwasfamousforhisstoriesaboutNewYork.
A.Since
B.Once
C.When
D.Although
16._____westoodatthetopofthebuilding,thepeoplebelowwerehardlyvisible.
A.As
B.Although
C.Unless
D.Inspiteof
17.ScarcelywasGeorgeWashingtoninhisteens_____hisfatherdied.
A.than
B.as
C.while
D.when
18._____Davidgoes,heiswelcome.
A.Whichever
B.However
C.Wherever
D.Whatever
19.Thehousestood_____therehadbeenarock.
A.which
B.atwhich
C.when
D.where
20.Small_____itis,thepenisamostusefultool.
A.because
B.so
C.if
D.as
21.Afterthenewtechniquewasintroduced,thefactoryproduced_____tractorsin1988astheyearbefore.
A.astwicemany
B.asmanytwice
C.twiceasmany
D.twicemanyas
22.Thepianointheothershopwillbe_____,but_____.
A.cheaper;notasbetter
B.morecheap;notasbetter
C.cheaper;notasgood
D.morecheap;notasgood
23.Johnplaysfootball_____,ifnotbetterthan,David.
A.aswell
B.aswellas
C.sowell
D.sowellas
24.Althoughheisconsideredagreatwriter,
A.hisworksarenotwidelyread
B.buthisworksarenotwidelyread
C.howeverhisworksarenotwidelyread
D.stillhisworksarenotwidelyread
25.___thedaywenton,theweathergotworse.
A.With
B.Since
C.While
D.As
26.—Whatwasthepartylike?
—Wonderful.It'syears_____Ienjoyedmyselfsomuch.
A.after
B.when
C.before
D.since
27.Itwasnot_____shetookoffherdarkglasses_____Irealizedshewasafamousfilmstar.
A.when;that
B.until;that
C.until;when
D.when;then
28.Ifweworkwithastrongwill,wecanovercomeanydifficulty,_____greatitis.
A.what
B.how
C.however
D.whatever
29.Afterthewar,anewschoolbuildingwasputup_____therehadoncebeenatheatre.
A.thatB.whereC.whichD.when30._____,Motherwillwaitforhimtohavedinnertogether.A.HoweverlateisheB.HoweverheislateC.HoweverishelateD.Howeverlateheis1-5CABBA6-10BCCBD11-15BACDD16-20ADCDD21-25CCBAD26-30DBCBD提高题1.—Haveyougotanyideaforthesummervacation?
—Idon’tmindwherewego______there’ssun,seaandbeach.(2008全国I卷)A.asifB.aslongasC.nowthatD.inorderthat2.-----Doyouhaveaminute?
I’vegotsomethingtotellyou.-----Ok,______youmakeitshort.(2008安徽卷)A.nowthatB.ifonlyC.solongasD.everytime3.Alltheneighboradmirethisfamily_________thep