英语阅读材料.docx

英语阅读材料.docx

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英语阅读材料

TenkindsofTraditionalChineseFoodonSpringFestival

TangerinesandOranges

Displayingandeatingthesefruitsissaidtobringwealthandluck.AccordingtotheChineseCultureCenterofSanFrancisco,thetraditionstemsfromthewaytheChinesewordsforgoldandorangesoundalike,whilethewordfortangerine1echoesluck."It'sgoodiftheyhaveleaves,"addsLum,"becauseleavessymbolize2longevity3."Butdon'tgrouptheminfours,because,Dunlopsays,thisnumberisassociatedwithdeath.

LongNoodles

Ifnoodlesareserved,then"keepthemaslongaspossibleforlonglife,"saysLum.

TheTrayofTogetherness

Putoutforvisitingrelativestosnackon,orgivenasagift,theeight（"atraditionallysymbolic4luckynumber,"explainsDunlop）compartments5ofthetrayarefilledwiththingssuchaspreservedkumquatsforprosperity,coconut6fortogetherness,longanstobringmanysons,andredmelonseedsforhappiness.

NianGao

"Niangaomeansyearcake,butgaosoundsthesameasthewordfortallorhigh,"saysDunlop.Hencethecakessymbolizeachievingnewheightsinthecomingyear.Thesteamedsweetsaremadeofglutinous7riceflour,brownsugar,andoil.Someversionshavewhitesesameseeds,reddates,ornutsinthem（thedatesaresaidtobring"earlyprosperity,"writesGonginGoodLuckLife）.Ifyouwanttotryyourhandatmakingniangao,here'sourrecipe.Chowhoundsalsohavesometips.

Pomelo

Thislargecitrusfruitispopular,writesGong,becauseitisthoughttobring"continuousprosperityandstatus."ThetraditioncomesfromthewaytheCantonesephraseforpomelosoundssimilartothewordsforprosperityandstatus,explainsLum.

Jia

Thisvegetarian1dishiseatenbecauseit's"partoftheBuddhist2culturetocleanse3yourselfwithvegetables,"saysLum.It'salsopackedwithgood-luckfoods,writesGong,breakingitdownbyingredient:

seamoss4forprosperity;lotusseedsforchildren/birthofsons;noodlesforlongevity5;lilybudsto"send100yearsofharmonious6union";Chineseblackmushroomsto"fulfill7wishesfromeasttowest";andmore.Tryourrecipe.

LongLeafyGreensandLongBeans

Gongwritesthatleafygreens,suchasChinesebroccoli8,are"servedwholetowishalonglifeforparents."

WholeFish

TheChinesewordforfishsoundslikethewordforabundance,saysLum.It'simportantthatthefishisservedwiththeheadandtailintact,writesGong,"toensureagoodstartandfinishandtoavoidbadluckthroughouttheyear."

Sweets

Servingdessertsbringsasweetlifeinthenewyear.Gongwritesthatachildhoodfavoritewastheflakycookiepocketscalledgokjai,filledwithpeanuts,coconut9,andsesame.

Yuanbao（Jiaozi）

"InNorthChina,everyoneeatsthejiaozidumplings,"saysDunlop."Familieswillmakeadough10andwrapitaroundporkandcabbage,andboil[thedumplings],thenservethemwithvinegarandsoysauce.Youcanwrapthemintheshapeofanoldsilveringot."GongwritesthatduringNewYearcelebrationsjiaoziarecalledyuanbao,areferencetotheancient,ingot-shapedChinesecurrency,andthateatingthemissaidtobringprosperity.Whilemakingthem,familiessometimestuckaddedgood-luckfoodslikepeanuts（tobringlonglife）intosomeofthem.

1 tangerine  

n.橘子，橘子树

参考例句：

2 symbolize  

vt.作为...的象征，用符号代表

参考例句：

Easter eggs symbolize the renewal of life.复活蛋象征新生。

Dolphins symbolize the breath of life.海豚象征着生命的气息。

3 longevity 

n.长命；长寿

参考例句：

Good habits promote longevity.良好的习惯能增长寿命。

Human longevity runs in families.人类的长寿具有家族遗传性。

4 symbolic  

adj.象征性的，符号的，象征主义的

参考例句：

It is symbolic of the fighting spirit of modern womanhood.它象征着现代妇女的战斗精神。

The Christian ceremony of baptism is a symbolic act.基督教的洗礼仪式是一种象征性的做法。

5 compartments

n.间隔（ compartment的名词复数 ）；（列车车厢的）隔间；（家具或设备等的）分隔间；隔层》

6 coconut      

n.椰子

7 glutinous  

adj.粘的，胶状的

参考例句：

The sauce was glutinous and tasted artificial.这种酱有些黏，尝起来不是非常地道。

The coat covering the soft candies is made from glutinous rice.包裹软糖的江米纸是由糯米做成的。

8 vegetarian      

n.素食者；adj.素食的

参考例句：

She got used gradually to the vegetarian diet.她逐渐习惯吃素食。

I didn't realize you were a vegetarian.我不知道你是个素食者。

9 Buddhist  

adj./n.佛教的，佛教徒

参考例句：

In the eye of the Buddhist,every worldly affair is vain.在佛教徒的眼里，人世上一切事情都是空的。

10 cleanse      

vt.使清洁，使纯洁，清洗

参考例句：

Health experts are trying to cleanse the air in cities. 卫生专家们正设法净化城市里的空气。

Fresh fruit juices can also cleanse your body and reduce dark circles.新鲜果汁同样可以清洁你的身体,并对黑眼圈同样有抑制作用。

11 moss  

n.苔，藓，地衣

参考例句：

Moss grows on a rock.苔藓生在石头上。

He was found asleep on a pillow of leaves and moss.有人看见他枕着树叶和苔藓睡着了。

12longevity  

n.长命；长寿

参考例句：

Good habits promote longevity.良好的习惯能增长寿命。

Human longevity runs in families.人类的长寿具有家族遗传性。

13 harmonious 

adj.和睦的，调和的，和谐的，协调的

参考例句：

Their harmonious relationship resulted in part from their similar goals.他们关系融洽的部分原因是他们有着相似的目标。

The room was painted in harmonious colors.房间油漆得色彩调和。

14 fulfill     

vt.履行，实现，完成；满足，使满意

参考例句：

If you make a promise you should fulfill it.如果你许诺了，你就要履行你的诺言。

15 broccoli  

n.绿菜花，花椰菜

参考例句：

16 dough  

n.生面团；钱，现款

Aglimpseoflifeontheroad

Asalittlegirl,IalwaysimaginedIwouldonedayrunaway.Fromtheageofsixon,Ikeptapackedbagwithsomeclothesandcansoffoodtuckedawayinthebackofacloset.

Therewasadeeprestlessnessinme,aprimalfearthatIwouldfallpreytoalifeofroutineandboredom.Andso,manyofmyearlymemoriesinvolvedintricatedaydreamswhereIwouldwalkacrossborders,forageforberries,andmeetallkindsofstrangepeoplelivingunconventionallivesontheroad.

Yearshavepassed,butmanyoftheadventuresIfantasizedaboutasachild--travelingandweavingmywaybetweenworldsotherthanmyown--havebecomerealitiesthroughmyworkasadocumentaryphotographer.ButnootherexperiencehasfeltastruetomychildhooddreamsaslivingamongstanddocumentingthelivesoffellowwanderersacrosstheUnitedStates.

Thisisthenomadicdream;adifferentkindofAmericandreamlivedbyyounghobos,travelers,hitchhikers,vagrantsandtramps.Inmostofourminds,thevagabondisacreaturefromthepast.Theword"hobo"conjuresupanoldblackandwhiteimageofaweatheredoldmancoveredincoal,legsdanglingoutofaboxcar,butthesephotographsareincolor,andtheyportrayacommunityswirlingacrossthecountry,fiercelyaliveandcreativelyfree,seeingsidesofAmericathatnooneelsegetstosee.

Liketheirpredecessors,today'snomadstravelthesteelandasphaltarteriesoftheUnitedStates.Byday,theyhopfreighttrains,stickouttheirthumbs,andridethehighwayswithanyonefromtruckerstosoccermoms.Bynight,theysleepbeneaththestars,huddledtogetherwiththeirpacksofdogs,cats,andpetratsbetweentheirbodies.Sometravelerstaketotheroadbychoice,renouncingmaterialism,traditionaljobs,anduniversitydegreesinexchangeforaglimmerofadventure.Otherscomefromtheunderbellyofsociety,nevergivenachancetomobilizeupwards:

fostercaredropouts,teenagerunawayescapingabuseandunforgivinghomes.

Whereothersseestoriesofprivationandeconomicfailure,travelersviewtheirownexistencethroughtheprismofliberationandfreedom.They'dratherliveofftheexcessofwhattheyviewasawastefulconsumersocietythanslaveawayatanunrealisticchanceatthetraditionalAmericandream.TheytakeadvantageofthefactthatintheUnitedStates,upto40percentofallfoodendsupinthegarbagebyscavengingforperfectlygoodproduceindumpstersandtrashcans.Theysacrificematerialcomfortsinexchangeforthespaceandthetimetoexploreacreativeinterior,todream,toread,toworkonmusic,artandwriting.

Buttherearemanyaspectstothislifethatarefarfromidyllic.Noonelosestheirinnerdemonsbytakingtotheroad.Addictionisreal,theelementsarereal,freighttrainsmaimandkill,andanyonewhohaslivedonthestreetscanattesttotheexhaustivelistoflawsthatcriminalizehomelessexistence.WhohereknowsthatinmanycitiesacrosstheUnitedStatesitisnowillegaltositonthesidewalk,towraponeselfinablanket,tosleepinyourowncar,toofferfoodtoastranger?

IknowabouttheselawsbecauseI'vewatchedasfriendsandothertravelerswerehauledofftojailorreceivedcitationsforcommittingtheseso-calledcrimes.Manyofyoumightbewonderingwhyanyonewouldchoosealifelikethis,underthethumbofdiscriminatorylaws,eatingoutoftrashcans,sleepingunderbridges,pickingupseasonaljobhereandthere.

Theanswertosuchaquestionisasvariedasthepeoplethattaketotheroad,buttravelersoftenrespondwithasingleword:

freedom.

Untilweliveasocietywhereeveryhumanisassureddignityintheirlaborsothattheycanworktolivewell,notonlyworktosurvive,therewillalwaysbeanelementofthosewhoseektheopenroadasameansofescape,ofliberationand,ofcourse,ofrebellion.

liberation

1.释放，解放。

2.ist1.名词（妇女）解放组织的成员；政教分立主义者。

2.形容词解放组织成员的；政教分立主义者的。

Rebellion

1.造反，叛乱，起义；反抗。

riseinrebellion造起反来，起义。

riseinrebellionagainst起来造…的反。

MyFather

Myfatherwasaself-taughtmandolinplayer.Hewasoneofthebeststringinstrumentplayersinourtown.Hecouldnotreadmusic,butifheheardatuneafewtimes,hecouldplayit.Whenhewasyounger,hewasamemberofasmallcountrymusicband.Theywouldplayatlocaldancesandonafewoccasionswouldplayforthelocalradiostation.HeoftentoldushowhehadauditionedandearnedapositioninabandthatfeaturedPatsyClineastheirleadsinger.Hetoldthefamilythatafterhewashiredheneverwentback.Dadwasaveryreligiousman.Hestatedthattherewasalotofdrinkingandcursingthedayofhisauditionandhedidnotwanttobearound