及英语六级真题及答案详解.docx

及英语六级真题及答案详解.docx

《及英语六级真题及答案详解.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《及英语六级真题及答案详解.docx（32页珍藏版）》请在冰豆网上搜索。

及英语六级真题及答案详解

2011年6月大学英语六级真题

Part Ⅰ           Writing       （30minutes）

1．现在许多人热衷于各类证书考试

2．其目的各不相同

3．在我看来……

TheCertificateCraze

PartII     ReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）        （15minutes）

MinorityReport

Americanuniversitiesareacceptingmoreminoritiesthanever.Graduatingthemisanothermatter.

BarryMills,thepresidentofBowdoinCollege,wasjustifiablyproudofBowdoin'seffortstorecruitminoritystudents.Since2003thesmall,eliteliberalartsschoolinBrunswick,Maine,hasboostedtheproportionofso-calledunder-representedminoritystudentsinenteringfreshmanclassesfrom8%to13%."Itisourresponsibilitytoreachoutandattractstudentstocometoourkindsofplaces,"hetolda NEWSWEEK reporter.ButBowdoinhasnotdonequiteaswellwhenitcomestoactuallygraduatingminorities.While9outof10whitestudentsroutinelygettheirdiplomaswithinsixyears,only7outof10blackstudentsmadeittograduationdayinseveralrecentclasses.

"Ifyoulookatwhoenterscollege,itnowlookslikeAmerica,"saysHilaryPennington,directorofpostsecondaryprogramsfortheBill&MelindaGatesFoundation,whichhascloselystudiedenrollmentpatternsinhighereducation."Butifyoulookatwhowalksacrossthestageforadiploma,it'sstilllargelythewhite,upper-incomepopulation."

TheUnitedStatesoncehadthehighestgraduationrateofanynation.Nowitstands10th.ForthefirsttimeinAmericanhistory,thereistheriskthattherisinggenerationwillbelesswelleducatedthanthepreviousone.Thegraduationrateamong25-to34-year-oldsisnobetterthantherateforthe55-to64-year-oldswhoweregoingtocollegemorethan30yearsago.Studiesshowthatmoreandmorepoorandnon-whitestudentswanttograduatefromcollege–buttheirgraduationratesfallfarshortoftheirdreams.Thegraduationratesforblacks,Latinos,andNativeAmericanslagfarbehindthegraduationratesforwhitesandAsians.AstheminoritypopulationgrowsintheUnitedStates,lowcollegegraduationratesbecomeathreattonationalprosperity.

Theproblemispronouncedatpublicuniversities.In2007theUniversityofWisconsin-Madison–oneofthetopfiveorsoprestigiouspublicuniversities–graduated81%ofitswhitestudentswithinsixyears,butonly56%ofitsblacks.Atless-selectivestateschools,thenumbersgetworse.Duringthesametimeframe,theUniversityofNorthernIowagraduated67%ofitswhitestudents,butonly39%ofitsblacks.Communitycollegeshavelowgraduationratesgenerally–butrock-bottomratesforminorities.ArecentreviewofCaliforniacommunitycollegesfoundthatwhileathirdoftheAsianstudentspickeduptheirdegrees,only15%ofAfrican-Americansdidsoaswell.

Privatecollegesanduniversitiesgenerallydobetter,partlybecausetheyoffersmallerclassesandmorepersonalattention.Butwhenitcomestoasignificantgraduationgap,Bowdoinhascompany.NearbyColbyCollegeloggedan18-pointdifferencebetweenwhiteandblackgraduatesin2007and25pointsin2006.MiddleburyCollegeinVermont,anothertopschool,hada19-pointgapin2007anda22-pointgapin2006.Themostselectiveprivateschools–Harvard,Yale,andPrinceton–showalmostnogapbetweenblackandwhitegraduationrates.Butthatmayhavemoretodowiththeirabilitytoselectthebeststudents.AccordingtodatagatheredbyHarvardLawSchoolprofessorLainGainer,themostselectiveschoolsaremorelikelytochooseblackswhohaveatleastoneimmigrantparentfromAfricaortheCaribbeanthanblackstudentswhoaredescendantsofAmericanslaves.

"Highereducationhasbeenabletoduckthisissueforyears,particularlythemoreselectiveschools,bysayingtheresponsibilityisontheindividualstudent,"saysPenningtonoftheGatesFoundation."Iftheyfail,it'stheirfault."Somecriticsblameaffirmativeaction–studentsadmittedwithlowertestscoresandgradesfromshakyhighschoolsoftenstruggleateliteschools.Butabiggerproblemmaybethatpoorhighschoolsoftensendtheirstudentstocollegesforwhichtheyare"undermatched":

theycouldgetintomoreelite,richerschools,butinsteadgotocommunitycollegesandlow-ratedstateschoolsthatlacktheresourcestohelpthem.Someschoolsoutforprofitcynicallyincreasetuitionsandcountonstudentloansandfederalaidtofootthebill–knowingfullwellthatthestudentswon'tmakeit."Theschoolkeepsthemoney,butthekidleaveswithloadsofdebtandnodegreeandnoabilitytogetabetterjob.Collegesarenotholdinguptheirend,"saysAmyWilkinsoftheEducationTrust.

Acollegeeducationisgettingevermoreexpensive.Since1982tuitionshavebeenrisingatroughlytwicetherateofinflation.In2008thenetcostofattendingafour-yearpublicuniversity–afterfinancialaid–equaled28%of median （中间的）familyincome,whileafour-yearprivateuniversitycost76%ofmedianfamilyincome.Moreandmorescholarshipsarebasedonmerit,notneed.Poorerstudentsarenotalwaysthebest-informedconsumers.Oftentheywindupdeeplyindebtorsimplyunabletopayafterayearortwoandmustdropout.

Thereoncewasatimewhenuniversitiestookprideintheirdropoutrates.Professorswouldbegintheyearbysaying,"Looktotherightandlooktotheleft.Oneofyouisnotgoingtobeherebytheendoftheyear."ButsuchaDarwinianspiritisbeginningtogivewayasatleastafewcollegesfaceuptothegraduationgap.AttheUniversityofWisconsin-Madison,thegaphasbeenroughlyhalvedoverthelastthreeyears.Theuniversityhaspouredresourcesintopeercounselingtohelpstudentsfrominner-cityschoolsadjusttothe rigor （严格要求）andfasterpaceofauniversityclassroom–andalsotohelpminoritystudentsovercomethestereotypethattheyarelessqualified.Wisconsinhasa"laserlikefocus"onbuildingupstudentskillsinthefirstthreemonths,accordingtoviceprovost （教务长）DamonWilliams.

Stateandfederalgovernmentscouldsharpenthatfocuseverywherebybroadlypublishingminoritygraduationrates.ForyearsprivatecollegessuchasPrincetonandMIThavehadsuccessbringingminoritiesontocampusinthesummerbeforefreshmanyeartogivethemsomeprepareTorycourses.Thenewertrendistostartrecruitingpoorandnon-whitestudentsasearlyastheseventhgrade,usinginnovativetoolstoidentifykidswithsophisticatedverbalskills.Suchprogramscanbeexpensive,ofcourse,butcheapcomparedwiththemillionsalreadyinvestedinscholarshipsandgrantsforkidswhohavelittlechancetograduatewithoutspecialsupport.

Witheffortandmoney,thegraduationgapcanbeclosed.WashingtonandLeeisasmall,selectiveschoolinLexington,Va.Itsstudentbodyislessthan5%blackandlessthan2%Latino.Whiletheschoolusuallygraduatedabout90%ofitswhites,thegraduationrateofitsblacksandLatinoshaddippedto63%by2007."Wewentthroughadramaticshift,"saysDawnWatkins,thevicepresidentforstudentaffairs.Theschoolaggressivelypushed mentoring （辅导）ofminoritiesbyotherstudentsand"partnering"withparentsataspecialpre-enrollmentsession.Theschoolhaditsfirst-everblackhomecoming.Lastspringtheschoolgraduatedthesameproportionofminoritiesasitdidwhites.IftheUnitedStateswantstokeepupintheglobaleconomicrace,itwillhavetopaysystematicattentiontograduatingminorities,notjustenrollingthem.

注意：

此部分试题请在答题卡1上作答。

1.  Whatistheauthor'smainconcernaboutAmericanhighereducation?

A）  Thesmallproportionofminoritystudents.B）  Thelowgraduationratesofminoritystudents.

C）  Thegrowingconflictsamongethnicgroups.D）  Thepooracademicperformanceofstudents.

2.  WhatwastheprideofPresidentBarryMillsofBowdoinCollege?

A）Theprestigeofitsliberalartsprograms.B）  ItsrankingamonguniversitiesinMaine.

C）  Thehighgraduationratesofitsstudents.D）Itsincreasedenrollmentofminoritystudents.

3.  WhatistheriskfacingAmerica?

A）Itsschoolswillbeoverwhelmedbythegrowingnumberofillegalimmigrants.

B）  Therisinggenerationwillbelesswelleducatedthanthepreviousone.

C）  Morepoorandnon-whitestudentswillbedeniedaccesstocollege.

D）Itisgoingtoloseitscompetitiveedgeinhighereducation.

4.  HowmanyAfrican-AmericanstudentsearnedtheirdegreesinCaliforniacommunitycollegesaccordingtoarecentreview?

A）  Fifty-sixpercent.  B）  Thirty-ninepercent.   C）FifteenpercentD）Sixty-sevenpercent.

5.  Harvard,Yale,andPrincetonshowalmostnogapbetweenblackandwhitegraduationratesmainlybecause  .

A）Theirstudentsworkharder B）  Theyrecruitthebeststudents   

C）TheirclassesaregenerallysmallerD）Theygivestudentsmoreattention

6.  HowdoesAmyWilkinsoftheEducationTrustviewminoritystudents'failuretogetadegree?

A）Universitiesaretoblame.B）  Studentsdon'tworkhard.

C）  Thegovernmentfailstoprovidethenecessarysupport.D）Affirmativeactionshouldbeheldresponsible.

7.  Whydosomestudentsdropoutafterayearortwoaccordingtotheauthor?

A）Theyhavelostconfidenceinthemselves.B）  Theycannotaffordthehightuition.

C）  Theycannotadapttotherigoroftheschool.D）Theyfailtodevelopinterestintheirstudies.

8. Totackletheproblemofgraduationgap,theUniversityofWisconsin-Madisonhelpsminoritystudentsgetoverthestereotypethat_______.

9. Foryears,privatecollegessuchasPrincetonandMIThaveprovidedminoritystudentswith_______duringthesummerbeforefreshmanyear.

10.  WashingtonandLeeUniversityiscitedasanexampletoshowthatthegapofgraduationratesbetweenwhitesandminoritiescan_______.

PartIV