高中英语 语法填空解题技巧指导8.docx

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高中英语 语法填空解题技巧指导8.docx

高中英语语法填空解题技巧指导8

语法填空解题技巧指导与练习

语法填空的考查范围:

1.语境(上下文);

2.语法:

动词(时态、语态、主谓一致、非谓语形式)、名词、代词、冠词、介词、固定搭配、情态动词、复合句、形容词和副词的比较级最高级及构词法、倒装等。

语法填空的能力要求:

1.阅读/理解语篇的能力2.分析句子结构的能力

3.熟练运用语法的能力4.单词拼写能力

 

时间,地点

原因,目的

结果,条件

方式,让步

注意事项

1.动词注意时态,主被动,非谓语等善于联系上下文,一些词的时态和语态等形式可以由此推出。

2.留意句号、逗号,如空前是逗号,则考查非限制性的定语从句或插入语的机会极大。

3.注意长句中短语的前后响应。

eg:

Studentsmustdevoteasmuchoftheirtimeaspossible,atandafterschool,collegeentranceexams.(to)

4.填名词时要特别注意要不要复数。

可以看后面谓语动词是什么形式,也可以看前面有无oneof.

5.有些空的答案需看完下文才能确定。

eg:

AnewstudyfromFinlandshowspetownerstendtobeheavier,activeandinpoorerhealththanpeoplewithoutapet,whichwas__releasedinPLOSONE…(07汕头一模)此空less与more都可填,但看完下文就知只能填less。

6.填词的适当形式有时会要求填反义词。

eg:

ManypeopleintheUSAthinkthatdoctorsareoverpaid.Mostdoctors,(agree)however..此空应填disagree。

由于句中的“however”可以看出该句与上句是相反的,故用agree的反义词。

7.一空有可能是2-3词,而出现这种情况通常是固定结构。

如to+动词原形,be+-ed分词表被动,或适当的时态,如havebeendoing等。

8.有些可能令人觉得不用填句子也通,这时要特别留意有没有可能是下列这些情况:

反身代词;do/did/does作强调时的使用;that作主表从句的引导词。

9.句首设空,以“”的形式出现,立即想起这些词:

however,therefore,besides,otherwise。

10.在高考评分标准原则上,能用一个词的就尽量用一个词。

TIPS

在语法填空题中,下列这些词出题频率相当高,把他们背起来!

however,which(非限制性的定语从句中),a/an,the,if,whether,so,or,but,as,and,when,because,why,what,who,how,that,can/could,to,with,although,though

一、动词(谓语/非谓语)

给出动词的原形,根据句子结构的需要给出其适当的形式。

填动词形式,首先抓住主谓结构,确定主句,剩下的部分,如有连词,则是句子,仍然有主谓结构,否则就用非谓语;是谓语就思考时态,语态,主谓一致,是非谓语就看主动被动,有否先后关系。

1.…MsChen(teach)meEnglishsinceJunior1,andtoshowmyappreciationIdecidedtogetherapresent.(广州一模)

2.…IwascertainshewouldlikeitbecauseI(tell)bymyclassmatesthatshelovedhotfood.(广州一模)

3.…Theexam,whichwasoriginallytobeheldinourclassroom,_________(change)tothelibraryatthelastminute.(广州二模)

4.Ihadtoleaveworktotakehimtothehospitalbecausehe__________(break)hisfinger.(深圳二模)

5.Thechild,NicoleHobson,(take)byhermothertoChildren'sMemorialHospitalabout11p.m.,Wednesdaytocheck…(汕头二模)

6.Atransitspokesmansaidthedrivershould(make)radiocalltothecontrolcenterforhelp.(汕头二模)

7.AnofficialfromtheMinistryofEducationsaidthatChinafollowsaneducationalpolicythat____(encourage)studentstostudyabroad.(茂名二模)

8.Oneofthemwasavisitor,sayinghewouldn’thavebeenthereifhe_________(watch)theweatherforecastthedaybefore.(梅州二模)

9.Wemustalsoconsiderthereactionoftheperson___(receive)thegift.(广州一模)

10.…Withtheproblem___(solve),Ifeltproudofmyachievement.(广州二模)

11.…IthennoticedthatIhadjust10minutesleft_________(complete)therest..(广州二模)

12.There,_____(place)neatlybesidetheemptydish,weretwonickelsandfivepennies—hertip!

(深圳一模)

13.______(compare)withthepreviousyear,thenumberofstudentswhowentabroadforstudywasincreasedby15,000,orariseof13%.(茂名二模)

14.StormssweptalongNewMexico'sborderwithTexasonFriday,___________(destroy)homesandotherbuildingsandinjuring…(梅州二模)

15.Wemustpractisespeakingand______(write)thelanguagewheneverwecan.

16.butitisnotenoughonly________(memorize)rulesfromagrammarbook.(佛山一模)

17.Thetelevisionviewermakesnochoiceandnojudgment.Heiscompletelypassiveandhaseverything____________(present)tohimwithoutanyeffortonhispart.(东莞一模)

二、代词挖掉代词,句子的结构受到破坏,句子间出现不连贯。

1.…Ipatientlywalkedtothelibrary,tookmyseatanddidsomedeepbreathingtohelprelax.(广州二模)

2.Thelittleboypulled____righthandoutofthepocketandstudiedanumberofcoinsinit.(深圳一模)

3.…thedriverdid_____tohelpandevenstoppedoncetopickupmorepassengers.(汕头二模)

4.Ifyougiveyourchildren…thattheycanneverdoanythingquiteright,thentheywillregard_______asunfitorunablepersons.(深圳罗湖)

5.Some134,000Chinesestudentswenttostudyabroad,and120,000ofwereself-fundedstudents,…(茂名二模)

6.Firstly,wemustunderstandthelanguagewhenwehearspoken.(佛山一模)

三、定语从句的引导词必须根据定语从句的信息和先行词进行推断,从而补出引导词,这本身就是考查逻辑思维能力。

1.…Theexam,   ___ wasoriginallytobeheldinourclassroom,waschangedtothelibraryatthelastminute.(广州二模)

2…ThenIwenttothedepartmentstore Iworkedpart-timeandboughtheranexpensivegiftboxofSichuanbeef.(广州一模)

3.Itwasapoemaboutme,___________includedthetime…(深圳二模)

4.Atthesametime,therehadbeenagrowingnumberofoverseasstudents_______camebacktoChinaafterstudy.(茂名二模)

5.MoreandmoreChinesestudentsgoabroadforstudy,____issupportedbytheChinesegovernment.(茂名二模)

四、连词(从属连词/并列连词)

A)引导各种从句的连词叫从属连词。

如名词性从句的引导词what,who,which,when,where,whatever,whoever,whichever,whether;副词从句引导词where,wherever,when,if,how,unless,until…

1.…Manythingsmustbeconsideredsuchas  thepersonisinterestedinandhowoldheis.(广州一模)

2.Myfaceturnedredonhearing_____mymothersaid.(惠州一模)

3.Shewouldpointout______theyhadmasteredanddeclaredfirmlytheycouldlearnwhattheyhadmissed.(深圳罗湖)

4.TheAmericanAcademyofPediatrics(儿科)says_____childrenreallyneedforhealthdevelopmentismoregood,old-fashionedplaytime.(四校联考)

5.Ialmoststartedtoyellhisname__________Isuddenlyrememberedhewasinbedasleep.(深圳二模)

6.______childrenbelievetheycansucceed,theywillneverbecometotallyindependent.

7.Statisticsshowthat______Chinacarriedouttheopening-uppolicy,atotalofonemillionstudentshavegoneabroadforstudy.(茂名二模)

8.______wearesatisfiedwithonlyafewruleswehavememorized,wearenotreallylearningthelanguage.(佛山一模)

9.Somepeople,however,maintainthatthisisprecisely_________thedangerlies.

B)并列句的各种关联词叫并列连词。

如and,but,or,though,although,so…挖掉关联词,要想补上连词,思路必须与作者思路相吻合。

1.…Ihadnoideahowtodoit.ItriedtostaypositiveandperseveredIfinallyfoundthesolution.(广州二模)

2.…IaskedmyclassmatesaboutherinterestImademyfinaldecision.(广州一模)

3.Tom,an8—year—oldboy,enteredahotelcoffeeshop___satatatable.(深圳一模)

4.Itisdifficultforparentsofnearlyeveryfamilytoteachtheirchildrentoberesponsibleforhousework,_____withoneofthefollowingsuggestions,youreallycangetyourchildrentohelpathome.(深圳罗湖)

五、挖掉表示起承转合的副词或副词性短语

此功能于关联词相似。

只是这种副词(短语)在用法上更加灵活多变。

典型的有though,however,also,therefore,still,besides,inaddition,instead,or,otherwise,first,second,then,finally,inaword等等。

1.This,,didn’tbothermebecausemathshadalwaysbeenmystrongestsubject.(广州二模)

2.Don’talwaysscoldandgivelotsofpraise_____.(深圳罗湖)

六、特殊句型(或固定短语)

考查对固定结构(短语)的熟悉掌握程度。

属于字词层面考查语法。

1.Itwasnotlong____thewaitresscamebackandthenshebegantowipedownthetable.

2.…wasonlyafterIheardshebecamesickthatIlearnedshecouldn’teatMSG!

(广州一模)

3.SocarelesswasI__________Ihadforgottenallaboutthat.(深二模)

4.…"asamatterof_______,youhavedonewellandmadegreatachievement…(惠州一模)

5.WhenCarettson,29,apassenger,wastryingtobring_____Nicole'slife…(汕头二模)

6.Thechildwasstrickenaboutamileaway___thehospital.(汕头二模)

七、冠词

1.…ButmymoodquicklychangedwhenIsaw_________firstquestion.(广州二模)

2…ThenIwenttothedepartmentstore…andboughtherexpensivegiftboxofSichuanbeef..(广州一模)

3.Tom,____8—year—oldboy,enteredahotelcoffeeshop.(深圳一模)

4.HetalkedabouthowIwrestledwithhimintheeveningsand________goodmanyotherthings.(深圳二模)

5.Itoldthebusdriverthatmybabyhadjusthadheartoperationandthatshewashaving____heartfailure.(汕头二模)

6.Televisionisnotonlyaconvenientsourceofentertainment,butalso__________comparativelycheapone.(东莞一模)

八、词形变化或者词性变化

给出单词的原形,通过句子分析,缺少什么成分,再用正确的单词形式补充完整。

这属于比较基础的单词拼写方面的能力要求。

1…MrChenhastaughtmeEnglishsinceJunior1,andtoshowmy__________(appreciate)Idecidedtogetherapresent. (广州一模)

2.…_(fortunate),IthennoticedthatIhadjust10minutestocompletetherest. (广州二模)

3.Somepeoplewerenowwaitingforherserviceandthewaitressgrewabit(patience).(深圳一模)

4.“Thirty-fivecents,”shesaid__(rude).(深圳一模)

5.Idon’tknowifheplacedthepoemnexttothefailinggradeto______(soft)theblow,butitwork.(深圳二模)

6.Imustknowhowtocareforothersandtrynotto_____(understand)them.(惠州一模)

7.Youhavedonewellandmadegreatachievementinthe_____(entertain)field.(惠州一模)

8.Thesepeoplehavemadegreat_____(contribute)toChinawiththeirwork.(茂名二模)

9.…tocheckher(recent)inserted(插入)pacemaker.(汕头二模)

10.Thetornadoesdamagedseveral___________(new)builtbuildings,…(梅州二模)

11.Numerousstudieshaveshownthatfreeplayisvery(benefit).Itcanhelpchildrenbecomecreative…(四校联考)

12theycanseeplays,films,operas,andshowsofeverykind,nottomentionthelatest___________(excite)footballmatch.(东莞一模)

九、介词或数词

1.IwasalwaystoldthatthethreePs,…,wereasurepath_______success.(广州二模)

2."Don'tbealwaysparticular_____yourpresentworkandincome.(惠州一模)

3.ItbegantomakesensetomethatIcouldincludepraisealong______constructivecriticism.(深圳二模)

4.Heshowedthepublicalimitededitionfour-wheeldrivecar,whichisespeciallymade_______hispersonaltaste.(梅州一模)

5.Fivewereincriticalcondition__________headtrauma(外伤,损伤),saidLizCrouch,thecenter'schiefoperatingofficer.(梅州二模)

6.Thereisnoeasywaytosuccess____languagelearning.

7.Itwashis__________(nine)yearofschool.(深圳二模)

十、形容词/副词

1.Oneofthe(bad)giftchoicesIevermadewasformyhighschoolEnglishteacher,MsChen.(广州一模)

2.Iputthepaperasideandturnedtothe________one,atthetopofwhich…(深圳二模)

3.Manyotheractorsare____(badly)offthanmeatpresent,…(惠州一模)

4.In2006,o

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