四级听力短对话.docx
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四级听力短对话
听力短对话
一常见的问题
A.
1)问"是什么、要什么、讨论什么、什么种类"等,如:
Whatistheman'sanswer?
Whatdoesthewomanwantforlunch?
Whataretheytalkingabout?
Whatkindofbooksdoesthemanwanttoborrow?
2)问"做什么",如:
Whatdoesthewomantellthemantodofirst?
Whatarethespeakersdoingnow?
WhatwillhappenifJohnfailstheexam?
3)问"什么含义",如:
Whatdoesthemanmean(imply)?
Whatdoesthewoman'sanswersuggest?
4)问"从对话中能获得什么信息或结论",如:
Whatcanwelearnfromtheconversation?
Whatcanbeconcludedfromthisconversation?
5)问"对某人或某事有什么看法",如:
WhatdoesthemanthinkofMissBrown?
Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheplan?
B、A节中用提出的问题主要问"对话可能是在什么场所发生的",即:
Wheredoesthisconversationmostprobablytakeplace?
Wheredoesthisconversationmostlikelyoccur?
Wherearethemanandwoman?
C、可能问以下几个方面的情况:
1)问钟点(可用替换),如:
Man(M):
Whattimedidyesterday'sfootballmatchstart?
Woman(W):
Itwassupposedtostartataquarterto7,butitwasdelayedanhour.
Question(Q):
Whendidthegamefinallystart?
2)问在哪个星期或星期几(后者可用替换),如:
W:
Ithoughttogototownnow.Ihavesomeshoppingtodo.
M:
Don'tspendtoomuch,Iwon'tgetpaiduntilnextweek.
Q:
Whenwillhebepaid?
3)问日期,如:
Whenwillthewintervacationbegin?
D、用提问的问题可以问原因,也可以问目的,如:
Whyisthemanlate?
Whydidthemanrepairthecarbyhimself?
E、可能问对话者某一方的身份、对话人之间的关系或对话中涉及到的其他人的情况,如:
W:
MayIhelpyou,Sir?
M:
Ihopeso.It'smywatch.Ibroughtitintoberepaired,butI'velosttheReceipt.
Q:
Whoistheman?
F、主要针对以下内容提问:
1)问做某事的方式、方法或使用的交通工具,如:
Howdidtheteacherusuallybeginhisclass?
Howdoesthemanusuallygotowork?
2)问"对某事的感受如何",如:
Howdoesthemanfeelaboutthemovie?
Howdoyoulikethefilm?
G、问"多少",属于涉及数字的题,可能有以下几种形式:
Howmanypersons...?
Howmanydozensof...does...want?
Howmuchdoes...?
Howoldis...?
Howlongdoesittake...to...?
2、对话内容分类
若按对话内容分类,则可分为以下几种类型:
A、时间类:
包括直接型和计算型。
如:
W:
YourlibrarybooksaredueonDecember13th.Ifyouhavenotfinishedusingthembythen,youmayrenewthemonce.
M:
Thankyouverymuch.Ionlyneedthemforafewdays.
Q:
Whenmustthemanreturnhisbookstothelibrary?
B、数字类:
包括直接型和计算型。
如:
W:
Doyouliveinacollegedormitory?
M:
Yes,Ido.It'sasix-mansuite,butatthemomentonlyfourofuslivethere.
Q:
Howmanypeoplesharethesuitenow?
C、地点类:
包括直接型和含蓄型。
如:
M:
Ineedtocashthischeck?
W:
Willyousteprightovertotheteller'swindow,please?
Q:
Whereistheconversationmostprobablytakingplace?
D、人物类:
包括人物关系、人物身份两类。
此类对话提供一个情节,能反映所涉及的人的关系或身份。
如:
M:
Goodevening,Madam.Thereisatablefortwooverthere.Thisway,please.
W:
Thankyou.CouldIseethemenu,please?
Q:
What'stherelationshipbetweenthemanandwoman?
A)Husbandandwife. B)Waiterandcustomer.
C)Salesmanandcustomer. D)Hostandguest.
E、否定类:
此类对话既可以含有not,no,neither,nor等否定词,也有but,although等转折词,或由wouldrather,too...to结构及虚拟语气等表达。
因此,对于后者要特别加以注意。
如:
M:
Ann,doyouhaveanyextramoneyyoucouldloanme?
W:
IwishIcouldhelpyou.Iwentshoppingyesterday.NowIhaveonlytwodollarstilltheendoftheweek.
Q:
Willthemanborrowanymoneyfromthewoman?
此题的答案肯定是No。
听这段话时要抓住IwishIcouldhelpyou.这一关键话语。
这句话虽然从表面上看是肯定式,但却隐含着I'msorryIcan'thelpyou.的意思。
F、活动类:
这一类谈话内容可涉及上课、娱乐、工作、日常生活等各种情况。
如:
W:
AreyougoingtoNewYorknextweekend?
M:
Yes,I'mgoingtolookupBillwhileI'mthere.
Q:
What'sthemangoingtodo?
这类对话中往往先后出现几种情况,要注意听问句是什么,然后再作出选择
二题型
1地点、方向和人物 职业、身份
(1)根据信息词设题
① W:
Dear, I feel hungry now. How about you?
M:
So do I.Let me call room service.Hello,room service.Please
send a menu to 320 right away.
Q:
Where are the two speakers?
A. In a hotel. B. At a dinner table.
C. In the street. D. At the man’s house.
该题通过hungry 和menu来迷惑同学们,引导大家选择B,其实,本题所借助的信息词是room service 和320这个房间号,答案是A。
② M:
Can you stay for dinner?
W:
I’d love to. But I have to go and send some registered mail
before picking up the children from school.
Q:
Where will the woman go first?
A. To the school B. To a friend’s house.
C. To the post office. D. Home
本题借助registered mail设题,答案是C。
但这里同样也有地点的辨析问题,要求同学们能听出是"首先到……地
机场或航班:
flightsafety-beltboardingcardfist-classeconomyclassairhostessairticketpassengerAirway航空公司airlineland/takeoffboardaplanecivilaviation(民航)GateNo.5(5号登机口)arrival/departuretime(登机/离港)bookingoffice(售票处)flightreservation(机票预定处)luggage-check(行李票)confirmtheflight(确认航班)check-in(登机处)windowseat(靠窗的座位)non-stopflight(直达航班)dateofdeparture(起飞日期)
公共汽车、火车
Busstopbusterminal(终点站)driverfare(车费)transfer(转车)line(路线)rideabusconductorstoprushchangeputonthebrakeplatform(月台)timetable=scheduleinformationdesk问讯处expresstrainsleepercar卧铺车厢returnticket往返车票onewayticket单程车票runninglate晚点carattendant乘务员waitingroom候车室
加油站、车库或汽车修理站
Oilgasstationgasolinefuellitre
Parkparkingspaceusedcarreverseenginefailurebrakefailure
学校
Astronomybusinessadministrationecologysociologypsychologyphilosophyelectivecoursesscholarshipadvisorinstructorgradethesiscreditsfreshmandormitorylectureessaybookshelftuitioncampuslabmajor
旅馆
Receptiondesk服务台reservation预定singleroomdoubleroomluggagetipcheckincheckoutregistration登记attendant服务员tofillinaform(check)
饭店酒吧
Fixcarry-outorders定外卖bakesnackdessertmenudishfoodtastesaucenapkin餐巾cafeteriahamburgerhamsnackbarseafoodbeeftipsoftdrinkspiritscolddrinkbeveragespoon勺子juicesandwichblackcoffeesoupsaladpizzapiewaitresssilverwaregoDutch请客:
我请客Thisismytreat;Letmetreatyou;Letmepickupthebill.AA制:
gofiftyfifty,goDutch菜谱recipe,
befull饱了orderthemeal
Slicethineg.Slicethehamthin.lambchopporkchopchop排骨
银行
Cashchecktraveler’scheckaccountexchangerateinterestsaving=depositwithdrawteller
邮局
Packagesendstampregisteredmailexpressmailpostalcodeslotremitpostcardparcelregularmailairmailpostageoverweightreceivertelegraphlong-distancecall
电话
ReceiverslotdialthenumberareacodebusysignallinedirectoryholdthelinehangupholeonbethroughoperatorextensionexchangeputacallthroughtosbThelineisbusy.gothrough=makethrough
法庭
Courtclerkjudgejurydefendantwitnesscounseloraudiencecaselawyeraccusechargesentencedeathpenaltyguiltyinnocenttestifytrial
海关
Customdeclarepassportvisatax
图书馆
Reference参考资料librarian图书管理员catalog目录publication出版物librarycard借书证fineloandesk借书处renewreturnbeoverdue超期stacks书架/书库bedue到期referenceroom
商店
Bargainfashionsizemen’sdepartment男百货部instock有货outofstock无货cashorcharge现金还是记账
理发店
Haircutshampooshavehairstyle
医疗
emergency roomtemperaturesymptomdiagnosis诊断physiciansurgeontestfluappointmentoperation-roomphysical-exam体检prescribepillaspirinpain-killer止疼药sneeze打喷嚏injection注射treatment治疗
药店
Pilltabletsleepingpilldosagedoctor’sordercapsuleprescriptiondrugstorefilltheprescription
2数字
3建议/请求(见教案)
补充句型
IfIwereyou,I'll...
Weshould...
Whydon'tyou...?
Howabout...?
Let's...
Maybeyou'dbetter...
Perhapswecan...
Maybeyoushould...
表示请求的句型有
Wouldyou/Couldyoutellme...?
Iwonderifyou...
I'llbeveryappreciatedifyou...
4否定关系(见教案)
--YourfriendKatesurelyknowshowtodance.
--Doesn’tshe,though.
1)第一人的话是一个肯定句,第二个人的话为一个疑问句的否定结构,即把一个助动词的否定形式放在主语之前。
如果把第一人和第二个人的话结为一体,就是个完整的反意疑问句。
2)第二人的否定疑问句结构的结尾必是降调,这种结构表示非常重的赞同语气。
而且,在这种题型中,第二人的否定疑问后常加ever或though,无意义,只是加强语气,翻译:
不是吗?
3)该题的答案特点:
very,extremely,definitely,indeed或其他加强语气的方法:
比较级/最高级,总之,四个选项中语气最重的是答案。
否定副词和形容词:
hardly,rarely,little,seldom,few,never等
否定代词和连词:
nothing,nobody,neither,nor,none等
否定前缀或否定后缀:
im-,un-,dis-,non-,-less等
表否定意义的其他词:
fail,miss,avoid,deny,refuse,doubt,farfrom,anythingbut,insteadof,ratherthanbeoutof,runoutof,beshortof,keepsbfromdoingsth,stopsbfromdoingsth等。
另外,要注意否定形式、肯定意义的结构,如:
Icouldnotagreewithyouanymore.这句话相当于Iagreewithyoucompletely.
5强烈转折
1)考生必须把第一人的话听清楚,-----关键
2)即使听不懂but后的内容,只需把第一人的意见否定掉就是答案,考生只需听清楚第一人话中的谓语动词或表语处,否定掉就是答案。
6条件
虚拟语气
1)M:
Areyoufinallythroughwithyourexams?
W:
IwishIwere.
Q;Whatisthewomanimplying?
A:
Shestillhasexamstotake.
Ifonly…..Iwish………If……,Icould……..incase,
2)supposeaslongas,wouldrather,lest
3)答案中含有:
should,oughtto,hadbetter,wouldrather,suggest,recommend,needto,let’s
7(Oh),so
W:
IjustreturnJohn’sbooktohim.
M:
Oh,soyouhaveseenhim.
Q:
Whathadthemanassumedaboutthewoman?
A:
ShehadnotseenJohn.
8Oh,no
--TheNativeAmericancraftexhibitclosedthisafternoon.
--Oh,no.Ihavewantedtoseenthatformonths.
Oh,no.不表示否定。
表达regret,sorry,unhappy,unbelievable,surprised,youarewrong的情感,相当于“太可惜了,天哪,你错了”
9因果
10.各种情景
(1)作业场景;作业包括assignment,paper,essay,presentation,experiment等形式,作业一般很多,很难。
(2)课程及考试场景;课程(course)一般很难,verychallenging
a.选课,optionalcourse(选修课)—requiredcourse必修课
b.抱怨lecture
c.布置作业——duetime,deadline(最后期限)
d.笔记——borrow,lend,take
e.女——爱学习,成绩高;
f.男——爱玩游戏,玩,football,popmusic,不爱学习,最后时刻发慌
g.Paper论文,termpaper,scholarship奖学金
h.Exam,finalexam,mid-term,test,quiz,----------fail,pass,confident,disappointed
i.学习最重要,出去玩不行,女请男做事也不行
(3)授课场景;教授的课(含lecture,presentation等)讲的极为枯燥,很难听懂但是学生却对教授评价甚高;
(4)考试场景;考试一般很难,女生比男生用功,考的好,还很爱帮助男生上进。
(5)放假场景;大家思乡心切,急于回家。
(6)电话预约
学生问问题;看病;面试;宾馆住房;饭店就餐
(7)打工找工作场景:
工作难找,面试要做充分准备。
a.Interview:
nervous,confident—tense;experience,dress—haircut,
b.Timearrangement/appointment时间安排