英语写作中常用连接词汇总情况.docx
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英语写作中常用连接词汇总情况
英语写作中常用连接词汇总
1.增补(Addition)
inaddition,furthermore,again,also,besides,moreover,what`smore,similarly,next,finally.
2.比较(Comparison)
inthesameway,likewise,similarly,equally,incomparison,justas
3.对照(Contrast)
whereas,incontrast,ontheotherhand,instead,however,nevertheless,unlike,eventhough,onthecontrary,while
4.因果(Causeandeffect)
because,becauseof,for,since,dueto,owingto,thanksto,asaresult(of),accordingly,hence,so,thus
5.强调(Emphasis)
certainly,aboveall,indeed,ofcourse,surely,actually,asamatteroffact,chiefly,especially,primarily,inparticular,undoubtedly,absolutely,mostimprtant
6.让步(Concession)
although,though,afterall,inspiteof,nevertheless,still,provided,whileitistrue....
7.例证(Exemplification)
forexample,forinstance,thatis,namely,suchas,inotherwords,inthiscase,bywayofillustration.
8.总结(Conclusion)
tosumup,toconclude,inaword,inshort,inbrief,allinall,inall,toputitinanutshell,insummary
9.推断(Inference)
therefore,asaresult(of),consequently,accordingly,so,otherwise
10.时间和空间(Timeandspace)
afterward,after,first,later,then,soon,outside,near,beyound,above,below,ontheright(left),inthemiddle,opposite,infrontof
英语写作中的起承转合
1)、启
Aproverbsays......Atpresent.......
Astheproverbsays....Currently.....
Generallyspeaking,....Now,....
Ingeneral,.....OntheWhole....
Itisclearthat....Recently.....
Itisoftensaidthat....Withoutdoubt,.......
2)、承
First(ofall),......Moreover,.........
Firstly,............Noonecandenythat....
Inthefirstplace,.........Obviously.....
Tobeginwith,.........Ofcourse,.........
Also,.......Similarly,.........
Atthesametime......Therefore,weshouldrealizethat.....
Certainly......Thereisnodoubtthat.......
Inaddition,.....What`smore,..........
Infact........Itcanbeeasilyprovedthat...
Meanwhile......
3)、转
But...Still,......
Buttheproblemisnotsosimple...
Thereisacertainamountoftruthinthis,butwestillhaveaproblemwithregardto.......
However,
.......Tooursurprise,..........
Nevertheless,........Unfortunately.......
Ontheotherhand,.......
YetdifferencewillbefoundandthatiswhyIfeelthat........
Othersmayfindthistobetrue,butIdonot.Ithink.....
4)、合
Aboveall,Inbrief,........
Accordingly,.....Inconclusion,........
Allinall,.......
Inotherwords,itishardtoescapetheconclusionthat........
Asaconsequence,.........Inshort,.........
AsIhaveshown/said/stated/....Insum,........
Insummary,.......Ashasbeennoted,....
Obviously,.........Bysodoing,.....
Onthewhole,.....Consequently,........
Presumably,.......Eventually,.........
Toconclude,......Finally,........
Tosumup,.....Inaword,......
Tosummarize,......
汉语和英语两种语言之间最基本的区别在于句法方面。
英语重形合(hypotaxis),句中各意群、成分都用适当的连接词(connective)、介词(preposition)、非限定性动词短语(phrase)或从句(clause)等来表达其相互关系,因而结构严谨但缺乏弹性;而汉语句法则重意合(parataxis),句中各意群、成分通过内在的联系贯穿在一起,不一定或很少用连接词、介词,也没有非限定性动词短语或从句,因此结构松散,但富于弹性,从句子整体来看,意义清楚,不会产生误解。
今天,我们就来分门别类地介绍一些英语词类中最容易掌握,而且必须掌握的连接词。
Chronological(temporal)sequence顺序
Atfirst,first,firstly,second,secondly,then,next,eventually,intheend,lastly,later,subsequently,atthesametime,simultaneously,afterwards,finally,lastbutnotleast
Additive补充
And,inaddition,moreover,besides,aboveall,further,furthermore,notonly…butalso,whatismore,inthesameway
Comparison比较
Likewise,equally,similarly,incomparison,correspondingly,inthesameway
Comparison/Contrastive比较/对比
But,however,whereas,conversely,incontrast,unlike,onthecontrary,ontheotherhand,yet
Concessive让步
However,nevertheless,eventhough,still,yet
Expressinganalternative提出可选项
Alternatively,ontheotherhand,rather
Causal(result/consequence)因果
Consequently,so,accordingly,asaresult,forthisreason,hence,thus,owingtothis/that,duetothis/that,becauseofthis/that,therefore,withthisinmind,underthesecircumstances
Example/illustration举例
Forexample,thatis,suchas,forinstance,thus,asfollows,thefollowing,inthiscase
Explanation/rephrasing解释
Thatistosay,inotherwords,namely,thismeans,toputitinanotherway,toputitsimply
Thematising/startinganewpoint提出新观点
Withregardto,inregardto,withreferenceto,turningto,asfor…,asfaras…isconcerned
Generalisation/hedging模糊限制语
Generally,ingeneral,onthewhole,inmostcases,normally,asarule,inmostcases,usually,forthemostpart
Interpersonal(情感)交际
Fortunately,unfortunately,certainly,luckily,needlesstosay,strangelyenough
Emphasis/highlighting强调
Mainly,especially,notably,inparticular,particularly,clearlythen
Conclusion总结
Inconclusion,toconclude,finally,tosumup,inbrief,therefore
Condition/deduction条件
Otherwise,underthecircumstances,ifso,ifnot,inthatcase,otherwise
(一)连接词
(1)表选择关系或对等关系的连接词:
either…or…,neither…nor,or,aswellas…,and,both…and…。
(2)表因果关系或对等关系的连接词:
therefore,so,asaresult,astheresultof…,becauseof,dueto…,owingto,thanksto等。
(3)表时间顺序的连接词:
themoment,assoonas,atfirst,then,later,meanwhyle,atthebeginning,intheend,beforelong,forthefirst(second…)time,theminute等。
(4)表转折关系的连接词:
yet,andyet,but,while,onthecontrary,ontheotherhand,however,atthesametime(然而)等。
(5)表解释说明的连接词:
thatis,thatistosay,inotherwords,suchas,forinstance,andsoon,etc.andthelike等。
(6)表递进关系的连接词:
notonly…but(also),what,smore,what'sworse,besides,inaddition,worsestill,moreover,aboveall等。
(7)表示总结的连接词:
inaword,onthewhole,inshort,briefly,inbrief,tosumup,inall等。
(二)、常用句型
1、beworthdoing值得做……
2、bebusydoing忙着做……
3、too…todo太……而不能做……
4、so+adj./adv.astodo如……以致于做
5、Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.花某人……时间做某事
6、sb.spendssometimedoingsth.某人花……时间做某事
7、Itis+adj.+forsb.todosth.某人做某事是……
8、It'suptosb.todosth.应由某人做某事
9、sb.havesomedifficulty/troubleindoingsth.某人做某事很费劲
10、Themore…themore…越……越……
11、It'snogood/usedoingsth.做某事没好处/用处。
12、sb.candonothingbutdosth.=havenochoicebuttodo别无他法,只能做某事
13、Therebe/lie/stand/live…有……
14、beabouttodosth.when…正要做某事这时……
15、Itwasnotlongbefore…不久就……
Itwillnotbelongbefore…要不了多久就……
16、Itis+一段时间+since…自……以来,有……时间了
17、Itissaidthat…据说……
18、not…until/till…直到……才
19、祈使句+and/or+分句(将来时)
20、主语+find/consider/think+it+形容词或名词+不定式
21、so+adj./adv.+that如此……以致于
such+n.+that…
22、whynotdosth为什么不做……呢?
whydosth.为何做……?
23、主语+hit/strike/beat/touch/grasp/seize/catch…+sb.介词+the+表示身体部位的名词
24、It'stimetodosth./It,stime+sb.didsth.到做某事的时间了
25、sb.devoteoneself/one'slifetosth./doing.致力于做某事
26、Ithappenedthat,…/sb.happenedtodosth.碰巧……
27、Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who…
28、Idon'tthink/believee/suppose/expect+that从句否定前移
29、wouldliketodo愿做某事
feellikedoing想做某事
hadbetter(not)dosth最好(不)做某事
wouldratherdo宁愿做……
30、Thereisnodoingsth.没必要做……
31、主语+havenoidea+从句不知道……
32、Idoubtwhether+从句我怀疑……
Idon'tdoubtthat+从句我不怀疑……
33、nomatterwhen/where/what/who/whether/how+从句+主句无论……
34、what/who/where/when…doyouthink…你认为什么/谁/哪里/什么时候……
35、usedtodo过去常做某事
beusedtodoing习惯于做某事
assoonas…从句+主句
36、themoment…一……就……
immediately
37、nosooner…than/hardly…when一……就……
38、Itispossible/probable/likelythat…可能……
39、DoyoumindifIdo?
/WouldyoumindifIdid?
我做某事你介意吗?
40、wishsb.+n./abj祝愿某人……
(三)注意以下过渡词的用法
1、表示时间的
affirst起初
next接下来
then然后
afterthat那以后
later后来
soon不久
soon/shortlyafter……之后不久
finally最后
intheend最后
eventually最终
atlast终于
lately近来
recently最近
sincethen自从那时起
afterthat那以后
innotime不一会儿
afterawhile一会儿
afterward后来
tobegin/startwith=inthefirstplace首先、第一点
immediately立即、马上
meanwhile=inthemeantime=atthesametime在此期间、同时
earlier,untilnow直到现在
suddenly=allofasudden突然
asayoungman当……是个年轻人的时候
attheageof…在……岁的时候
asearlyas早……的时候
assoonas一……就……
before,theotherday几天前
earlyinthemorning大清早
after/beforedark天黑后/前
oneday有一天
oneafternoon一天下午
onemorning一天早晨
2、表示空间的
totheright/left朝右/左
ontherinht/left在右/左边
inthemiddleof在中间
infrontof在前面
inthefrontof在前面
atthebackof在后面
atthebottomof在底部
ontheedgeof在……的边上
ontopof在……的顶部
oppositeto与……相对
closeto靠近
nearto在……附近
nextto与……相邻
under垂直在下
over垂直在上
below在下方
above在上方
across在……的另一边
around在周围
behind在后
before在前
against靠着、抵着
furtheron再往前
3、表示列举和时序
first,second,third…finally
firstly,secondly,thirdly…finally
firstofall,nextthen,lastly
foronething…foranother…
atthesametime
atfirst
atlast
4、表示列举
forexample例如:
……
namely即……
forinstance例如:
……
thatis(tosay)也就是说
suchas如……
take…forexample拿……来说
like像……
5、表示比较或对比
like像
unlike不像
similarly同样地
inthesameway以相同的方式
comparedto与……相比
while而
still=nevertheless然而
onthecontrary正相反
differentfrom与……不同
on(the)onehand…ontheotherhand一方面……另一方面
incontrastwith与……成对比
6、表示增补
and而且
both…and不但……而且
notonly…butalso不但……而且
aswellas不但……而且
also=besides=furthermore=moreover此外、而且
inaddition并且
apartfrom除了……之外
what'smore而且、更重要的
foranother另一方面
worsestill=what'sworse=tomakematterworse更糟糕的是
including包括
7、表示因果
because因为
since既然
as由于
nowthat既然
therefore因此
thus这样
so所以
asaresult(of)结果
becauseof=onaccountof因为
thanksto多亏、由于
forthisreason由于这个原因
ifso如果这样