虚拟语气导学案及答案.docx
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虚拟语气导学案及答案
M6U3GrammarUnrealconditionals虚拟语气
【自主探究】一、状语从句中的虚拟语气
（一）if引导的条件状语从句
1IfIhadtime,Iwouldattendthemeeting.
2.IfIwereyou,Ishouldseizetheopportunitytogoabroad.
3.Ifyouhadtakenmyadvice,youwouldnothavefailedintheexams.
4.Ifhehadcomeearlier,hewouldn’thavemissedthefirstbus.
5Iftheheadmastercametomorrow,wewouldhavethemeeting.6Ifitweretoraintomorrow,thesportsmeetingwouldbeputoff.7Ifheshouldmakeamistake,youshouldnotblamehim.
与现在事实相反与过去事实相反
练一练：
IfIwere
IfIhadtime,
译一译:
1.要是他现在在这儿，我们就会问他关于这件事。
Ifhewereherenow,wewouldaskhimaboutit.
2.即使她现在在这儿，她也不能解决这个问题。
Eventhoughshewere/washere,shecouldn'tsolvetheproblem.
感悟：
与过去事实相反
1.IfIhadearnedalotofmoneylastyear,Iwouldhaveboughtacar.
2.Iftheearthquakehadn’thappenedinWenchuanin2008,manypeoplewouldn’thavelostfamilies.
总结形式：
时态if条件从句主句
与过去事实相反动词用过去完成式
would/could/should/might（not）
+havedone
练一练：
1.Ifthefarmerhadn’tseenthesnake,he（notput）itinthearms.
2.Ifhe（notput）itinthearms,thesnakewouldn’thavebittenhim.
3.Ifthesnake（notbite）him,he（notdie）.
4.Ifmylawyer（notbehere）lastSaturday,he（prevent）mefromgoing.
4
如果我好好学习
如果昨天我听你的建议，
如果我更小心地开车，
如果上个月没下雨，
感悟：
与将来事实相反
1.Inthefuture,ifIhad10,000,000yuan,Iwouldbuyahouse.
2.IfthewaterinthePacificOceanweretobepouredout,itwouldn’tstopmylove.
3.Ifheshouldcometomorrow,Iwouldtalktohimaboutit.
总结形式:
练一练：
1.Ifeveryone（help）thoseinneedinfuture,theworldwouldbeamuchbetterplace.
2.Ifit（be）finethisweekend,wewouldhaveapicnic.
3.IfI（beadmitto）afamousuniversityintwoyears,Iwouldtreatyoutoabigmeal.
4.Ifit（snow）tomorrow,wewouldgoskiing.
译一译：
1.如果我今天下午看见他了，我会告诉他的。
2.要是我将来赚了一千万，我就自己建立一个学校。
3.他要是敢解雇我，我就泄露他所有的秘密。
（二）：
条件状语的倒装：
如果条件状语中有were,had,should时,可以倒装成：
Were/Should/Had+主+其他
1.IfIwereyou,Iwouldtryitagain.,Iwouldtryitagain.
2.Ifhehadbeenthereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenthefilm.
thereyesterday,hewouldhaveseenthefilm.
3.Ifitshouldsnowtomorrow,wewouldn’tgoout.tomorrow,we
wouldn’tgoout.
注意：
在省略句型中，只有haddone的had才能省略，实义动词had不能省。
1IfIhadtimenow,Iwouldgotothelibrary.HadItimenow,.（误）
（三）．错综时间条件句：
假设条件从句谓语动词发生的时间与主句所假设的谓语动词不一致，叫做错综条件虚拟语气。
主句和从句的谓语动词要依照假设的时间而定。
1.Iftheweatherhadbeenfined,thecropswouldbegrowingstillbetter.
2.Ifyouhadfollowedtheteacher’sadvice,youwouldn’tbeinthehospital.
3.Ifyouhadcomeandattendedthemeetingyesterday,you（know）whatwearedoingnow.
4.Ifyou（take）myadvicethen,you（现在就不会
有麻烦了）
5.herhusband（kill）inthewar,shewouldnotbehelpingotherswithhouseworknow.
（四）：
含蓄条件句：
有时虚拟的条件不是通过条件句来表示，而是用一些词或短语，如
without,butfor,or,otherwise等，这种句子叫含蓄条件句。
1.Butforelectricity（=Ifitwerenotforelectricity）,therewouldbenomodernindustry.
2.Withoutyourhelp（Ifithadnotbeenforyourhelp）,wecouldnothavesucceed.
3.Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,Iwouldhavetakenpartinthesportsmeet.
Key:
1.wouldnothaveput2.hadnotput3.hadnotbitten/wouldnothavedied4.hadnotbeenhere/wouldnothaveprevented
练一练：
填入合适的动词形式。
1）Withoutair,therenolifeontheearth.（be）
2）Hebutforhisteacher’stimelyadvice.（fail）3）Wetheworkbetterinthatcase.（do）
4）Hewouldhavecometoseeyouyesterdaymorningbutheanimportant
meetingtoattend.（have）
Key:
1）wouldbe2）wouldhavefailed3）wouldhavedone4）had
当堂训练：
1.Ifyou（speak）tohimlasttimeyousawhim,you（know）whattodonow.
2.IfI（havenot）somuchworktodo,I（notmiss）thefilmlastnight.
3.Ifyou（hesitate）thismoment,you（suffer）infuture.
4.IfMary（arrive）today,shemusthavestartedthreedaysago.
5.Ifit（snow）lastnight,it（be）verycoldtoday.
6.---Whydidn’thecome?
----Hebutshedidn’thavetime.
（come）
7.Shewouldputonweightbutshe（noteat）enough.
Key:
1.hadspoken2.hadnothad/wouldnothavemissed3.hesitated/wouldsuffer4.arrived5.hadsnowed/wouldbe6.wouldhavecome7.didn’teat
8.如果我早上出门带钱了，现在就不如此尴尬了。
9.要不是你的帮助，我是不会成功通过考试的。
10.她感觉不舒服，不然她不会那么早离开会场的。
11.如果他没有生病并且错过了那么多的课，他就会取得更大的进不了。
12.如果不是你的建议，我们不可能克服这些困难。
13.如果不是窗户开着睡觉，你就不会感冒了。
14.我不知道他的电话号码，否则的话，我就会给他打电话了。
15.如果不是英语老师的帮助，我们就不可能赢得英语写作竞赛一等奖了。
16.如果我们继续这样折腾地球，我们将来将无立足之地。
单项选择
1.Wereitnotforthesnowyweather,weallright.
A.wouldbeB.wouldhavebeenC.wereD.maybe
2.morecareful,hisshipwouldnothavesunk.
A.IfthecaptainwereB.Hadthecaptainbeen
C.ShouldthecaptainbeD.Ifthecaptainwouldhavebeen
3.Ifhemetomorrow,Iwouldlethimknow.
A.shouldcallB.shouldnothavebeenableC.werenotableD.arenotable
4.Ifyouaskedyourfather,youpermission.
A.maygetB.mightgetC.shouldhavecalledD.maybeget
5.today,hewouldgettherebyFriday.
A.WouldheleaveB.Washeleaving
C.WerehetoleaveD.Ifheleaves
6.Iyou,Iwouldgowithhimtotheparty.
A.WasB.HadbeenC.WillbeD.Were
7.HadPaulreceivedsixmorevotesinthelastelection,heourchairmannow.
A.musthavebeenB.wouldhavebeenC.wereD.wouldbe
8.Ifthehorsewontoday,itthirtyracesinfiveyears.
A.wouldhavewonB.wonC.musthavewonD.didhavewon
9.
Thereisarealpossibilitythattheseanimalscouldbefrightened,asuddenloudnoise.
A.beingthereB.shouldtherebeC.therewasD.therehavingbeen
10.Ifyouhadn’ttakensuchalongtimetogetdressed,we’dtherebynow.
A.beB.circlesC.iscirclingD.becircling
11.Georgewouldcertainlyhaveattendedthemeeting,.
A.ifhedidn’tgetaflattireB.iftheflattirehadn’thappened
C.hadhenothadaflattireD.hadthetirenotflatteneditself
12.Withoutelectroniccomputers,muchoftoday’sadvancedtechnology.
A.willnothavebeenachievedB.havenotbeenachieved
C.wouldnothavebeenachievedD.hadnotbeenachieved
13.Hewasverybusyyesterday,otherwisehetothemeeting.
A.wouldcomeB.cameC.wouldhavecomeD.hadcome
14.IfIhadseenthemovie,Iyouallaboutitnow.
A.wouldtellB.willtellC.havetoldD.wouldhavetold
15.sheyesterday,shewouldmeetthefamoussingertoday.
A.If,didn’tleaveB.Hadnot,leftC.Hadn’t,leftD.Didn’t,leave
16.Ifyousmoke,pleasegooutsidebecausethisisanon-smokingoffice.
A.mustB.shouldC.canD.may
17.
IfSanluGroupmelaminetothemilk,thebabiestoomuchfromkidneystone.
A.didn’tadd;wouldnotsufferedB.hadn’tadded;wouldn’thavesuffered
C.hasn’tadded;wouldn’thavesufferedD.hadn’tadded;wouldhavesuffered
18.Iftheprinterbreakdownunderguarantee,wewouldrepairitatourexpense.
A.mayB.couldC.mightD.should
19.Ithepoorrabbit,butIdidn’thavetherightdrugswithmeatthatmoment.
A.savedB.hadsavedC.couldsaveD.couldhavesaved
20..—Butforyourtimelywarning,weintogreattrouble.
—Youknowwe’refriends.
A.wouldgetB.musthavegotC.wouldhavegotD.couldn’thavegot
21.---Youpromisedtocometomydinnerpartylastnightbutyoudidn’tturnup.
---I,butsomethingunexpectedhappenedjustbeforeIleft.
A.wouldliketohaveB.shouldliketoC.amgoingtoD.liketo
22.—Pityyoumissedthelectureonnuclearpollution.
—Iit,butIwasbusypreparingforajobinterview.
A.attendedB.hadattendedC.wouldattendD.wouldhaveattended
Key:
8.IfIhadbroughtsomemoneywithmethismorning,Iwouldnotfeelso
embarrassednow.
.9.Butfor/without/Ifithadn’tbeenforyourhelp,Icouldn’thavesucceededinpassingtheexam.
10.Shewasn’tfeelingwell.Or/Otherwiseshewouldn’thaveleftthemeetingsoearly.11.Ifhehadnotbeenillandmissedmanylessonshewouldhavemadegreater
progress.
12.Haditnotbeenforyouradvice,wecouldn’thaveovercomethesedifficulties.13.Ifyouhadnotsleptwiththewindowopen,youwouldnothavecaughtacold.
14.Ididn’tknowhistelephonenumber.Otherwise,Iwouldhavecalledhim.
15.ButforthehelpofmyEnglishteacher,IwouldnothavewonthefirstprizeintheEnglishWritingCompetition.
16.Ifwecontinuedtotoywithnature,wewouldnothavestandingroominthefuture.
ABABCDDABACCCACABDDCAD
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