英语四级考试真题.docx

英语四级考试真题.docx

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英语四级考试真题

2012年6月大学英语四级考试真题

PartIWriting（30minutes）

Directions:

Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteashortessayentitledOnExcessivePackagingfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow.Yourshouldwriteatleast120wordsbutnomorethan180words.

1.目前许多商品存在过度包装的现象

2.出现这一现象的原因

3.我对这一现象的看法和建议

OnExcessivePackaging

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PartIIReadingComprehension（SkimmingandScanning）（15minutes）

Directions:

Inthispart,youwillhave15minutestogooverthepassagequicklyandanswerthequestionsonAnswerSheet1.Forquestions1–7,choosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarked[A],[B],[C]and[D].Forquestions8–10,completethesentenceswiththeinformationgiveninthepassage.

SmallSchoolsRising

Thisyear’slistofthetop100highschoolsshowsthattoday,thosewithfewerstudentsareflourishing.

Fiftyyearsago,theywerethelatestthingineducationalreform:

big,modern,suburbanhighschoolswithstudentscountedinthethousands.Asbabyboomers（二战后婴儿潮时期出生的人）cameofhigh-schoolage,bigschoolspromisedeconomicefficiency,agreaterchoiceofcourses,and,ofcourse,betterfootballteams.Onlyyearslaterdidweunderstandthetrade-offsthisinvolved:

thecreationofexcessivebureaucracies（官僚机构）,thedifficultyofforgingpersonalconnectionsbetweenteachersandstudents.SATscoresbegandroppingin1963;today,onaverage,30%ofstudentsdonotcompletehighschoolinfouryears,afigurethatrisesto50%inpoorurbanneighborhoods.Whiletheemphasisonteachingtohigher,test-drivenstandardsassetinNoChildLeftBehindresultedinsignificantlybetterperformanceinelementary（andsomemiddle）schools,highschoolsforavarietyofreasonsseemedtohavemadelittleprogress.

Sizeisn’teverything,butitdoesmatter,andthepastdecadehasseenanoticeablecountertrendtowardsmallerschools.Thishasbeendue,inpart,totheBillandMelindaGatesFoundation,whichhasinvested$1.8billioninAmericanhighschools,helpingtoopenabout1,000smallschools—mostofthemwithabout400kidseach,withanaverageenrollmentofonly150pergrade.About500moreareonthedrawingboard.Districtsalloverthecountryaretakingnotice,alongwithmayorsincitieslikeNewYork,Chicago,andSanDiego.Themovementincludesindependentpubliccharterschools,suchasNo.1BASISinTucson,withonly120high-schoolersand18graduatesthisyear.Itembracesdistrict-sanctionedmagnetschools,suchastheTalentedandGiftedSchool,with198students,andtheScienceandEngineeringMagnet,with383,whichshareabuildinginDallas,aswellastheCityHonorsSchoolinBuffalo,N.Y.,whichgrewoutofvolunteereveningseminarsforstudents.Anditincludesalternativeschoolswithstudentsselectedbylottery（抽签）,suchasH-BWoodlawninArlington,Va.Andmostnoticeableofall,thereisthephenomenonoflargeurbanandsuburbanhighschoolsthathavesplitupintosmallerunitsofafewhundred,generallyhousedinthesamegroundsthatonceboastedthousandsofstudentsallmarchingtothesameband.

HillsdaleHighSchoolinSanMateo,Calif.,isoneofthose,rankingNo.423—amongthetop2%inthecountry—onNewsweek’sannualrankingofAmerica’stophighschools.Thesuccessofsmallschoolsisapparentinthelistings.Tenyearsago,whenthefirstNewsweeklistbasedoncollege-leveltestparticipationwaspublished,onlythreeofthetop100schoolshadgraduatingclassessmallerthan100students.Thisyearthereare22.Nearly250schoolsonthefullNewsweeklistofthetop5%ofschoolsnationallyhadfewerthan200graduatesin2007.

AlthoughmanyofHillsdale’sstudentscamefromwealthyhouseholds,bythelate1990saveragetestscoreswereslidingandithadearnedtheunaffectionatenickname（绰号）“Hillsjail.”JeffGilbert,aHillsdaleteacherwhobecameprincipallastyear,rememberssittingwithotherteacherswatchingstudentsfileoutofagraduationceremonyandaskingoneanotherinastonishment,“Howdidthatstudentgraduate?

”

Soin2003Hillsdaleremadeitselfintothree“houses,”romanticallynamedFlorence,MarrakechandKyoto.Eachofthe300arrivingninthgradersarerandomly（随机地）assignedtooneofthehouses,wheretheywillkeepthesamefourcoresubjectteachersfortwoyears,beforemovingontoanotherfor11thand12thgrades.Theclosenessthissystemcultivatesisreinforcedbytheinstitutionof“advisory”classes.Teachersmeetwithstudentsingroupsof25,fivemorningsaweek,foropen-endeddiscussionsofeverythingfromhomeworkproblemstobadSaturday-nightdates.Theadvisersalsomeetwithstudentsprivatelyandstayintouchwithparents,sotheyaredeeplyinvestedinthestudents’success.“We’reconstantlytalkingaboutoneanother’sadvisees,”saysEnglishteacherChrisCrockett.“Ifyouhearthatyoursisn’tdoingwellinmath,orseethemsittingoutsidethedean’soffice,it’slikeapersonalfailure.”Alongwiththenewstructurecameamoredemandingacademicprogram;thepercentageoffreshmentakingbiologyjumpedfrom17to95.“Itwasroughforsome,butbysenioryear,two-thirdshavemoveduptophysics,”saysGilbert.“Ourkidsarecomingtoschoolinpartbecausetheyknowthereareadultsherewhoknowthemandcareforthem.”Butnotallschoolsshowadvancesafterdownsizing,anditremainstobeseenwhethersmallerschoolswillbeacure-allsolution.

TheNewsweeklistoftopU.S.highschoolswasmadethisyear,asinyearspast,accordingtoasinglemetric,theproportionofstudentstakingcollege-levelexams.Overtheyearsthissystemhascomeinforitsshareofcriticismforitssimplicity.Butthatisalsoitsstrength:

it’seasyforreaderstounderstand,andtodothearithmeticfortheirownschoolsifthey’dlike.

Rankingschoolsisalwayscontroversial,andthisyearagroupof38superintendents（地区教育主管）fromfivestateswrotetoaskthattheirschoolsbeexcludedfromthecalculation.“Itisimpossibletoknowwhichhighschoolsare‘thebest’inthenation,”theirletterread,inpart.“Determiningwhetherdifferentschoolsdoordon’tofferahighqualityofeducationrequiresalookatmanydifferentmeasures,includingstudents’overallacademicaccomplishmentsandtheirsubsequentperformanceincollege,andtakingintoconsiderationtheuniqueneedsoftheircommunities.”

Intheend,thesuperintendentsagreedtoprovidethedatawesought,whichis,afterall,publicinformation.Thereis,inourview,norealdisputehere;weareallseekingthesamething,whichisschoolsthatbetterserveourchildrenandournationbyencouragingstudentstotackletoughsubjectsundertheguidanceofgiftedteachers.Andifwekeepworkingtowardthatgoal,someday,perhaps,alistwon’tbenecessary.

1.Fiftyyearsago,big,modern,suburbanhighschoolswereestablishedinthehopeof______.

[A]ensuringnochildisleftbehind[B]increasingeconomicefficiency

[C]improvingstudents’performanceonSAT[D]providinggoodeducationforbabyboomers

2.Whathappenedasaresultofsettingupbigschools?

[A]Teachers’workloadincreased.[B]Students’performancedeclined.

[C]Administrationbecamecentralized.[D]Studentsfocusedmoreontestscores.

3.WhatissaidabouttheschoolsfundedbytheBillandMelindaGatesFoundation?

[A]Theyareusuallymagnetschools.

[B]Theyareoftenlocatedinpoorneighborhoods.

[C]Theyarepopularwithhigh-achievingstudents.

[D]Theyaremostlysmallinsize.

4.Whatismostnoticeableaboutthecurrenttrendinhighschooleducation?

[A]Somelargeschoolshavesplitupintosmallerones.

[B]Agreatvarietyofschoolshavesprungupinurbanandsuburbanareas.

[C]ManyschoolscompetefortheBillandMelindaGatesFoundationfunds.

[D]Studentshavetomeethigheracademicstandards.

5.Newsweekrankedhighschoolsaccordingto______.

[A]theirstudents’academicachievement

[B]thenumberoftheirstudentsadmittedtocollege

[C]thesizeandnumberoftheirgradatingclasses

[D]theircollege-leveltestparticipation

6.WhatcanwelearnaboutHillsdale’sstudentsinthelate1990s?

[A]Theyweremadetostudyhardlikeprisoners.

[B]Theycalledeachotherbyunaffectionatenicknames.

[C]Mostofthemdidnothaveanysenseofdiscipline.

[D]Theirschoolperformancewasgettingworse.

7.AccordingtoJeffGilbert,the“advisory”classesatHillsdaleweresetupsothatstudentscould______.

[A]telltheirteacherswhattheydidonweekends

[B]experienceagreatdealofpleasureinlearning

[C]maintaincloserrelationshipswiththeirteachers

[D]tacklethedemandingbiologyandphysicscourses

8.______________________isstillconsideredastrengthofNewsweek’sschoolrankingsysteminspiteofthecriticismitreceives.

9.Accordingtothe38superintendents,torankschoolsscientifically,itisnecessarytouse______________________.

10.Tobetterservethechildrenandournation,schoolsshouldhiregiftedteachersandencouragestudentstotake______________________.

PartIIIListeningComprehension（35minutes）

SectionA

Directions:

Inthissection,youwillhear8shortconversationsand2longconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,one