电大英语II(2)历届试题及答案分类.doc
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第三部分完形填空
GeneticEngineering
Manypeopleareunawarethatalotofthefoodstheyeateveryday,suchasbreadhamandcheese,havebeenalteredbyusingnewtechnology.Foodcanbechanged.Itcanbemadetotastedifferentortolookdifferent—carrotscanbemadetotasteofchocolateandapplescanbemaderedder.Somefoodthatappearsthesamehasbeenscientificallyimproved,forexample,fishcanbemadetogrowfaster.Shouldwebepleasedorworried?
Willnewtechnologybringbenefits,orisitabouttogooutofcontrol?
Geneticallyengineeredfoodsareproducedbytakinggeneticmaterialfromonespeciesandtransferringittoanother.Forexample,an‘antifreeze’genewhichappearsnaturallyinArcticfishhasbeenintroducedintotomatoesandstrawberriessothattheydon'tfreezeincoldweather;ahumangenehasbeenintroducedintopigstomakethemgrowmorequickly.
Someclaimgreatadvantages.Theypointoutthatcropscanbemadestrongerandmorediseaseresistant,sopesticidescanbereduced.Theyalsomaintainthatfoodcanbemademorenutritiousorthatthefatcontentcanbereducedtomakeithealthier.
Scientistsareworkinghardtodevelopbetteraerialsformobilephones,aspokesmanforPhikiaPhonessaidtoday.‘Itreallyirritatesuserswhentheylosethesignalinthemiddleofacall,sowearedevelopingnewaerialsthatwillenableuserstoreceivestrongersignals.Manyusersreportedthatwhentheyweretravelling,thesignalwasoftenlost’,saidthespokesman.Thenewaeralsaredesignedtoavoidlosingthesignalbyreceivingthemessageonawiderrangeofradiofrequencies.‘Wehavelearntthatthisisamajorconcernforphoneusers’saidthespokesman.Thenewphoneshaveaflexibleexternalaerial,whichuserswillhavetogetusedtotouchingtheirearorhead.Theaerials--makethephonesabletopickupawiderrangeofsignals.Thecompanyspokesmaninsistedthat_thiswasnotapotentialdanger–“Every_safetyregulationhasbeenfollowed”,hetoldourreporter.“IfI’dhadoneofthesephonesthismorning,Iwouldn’thavemissedmytraincominghere”,jokedthespokesman.
ThebiggestadventureI'veeverhadwastrekkinginThailand.Wehiredaguide(16)totakeustoavillageinthejungle.Wedidn'tknowthathe(17)hadneverbeentherebefore.(18)Unlesswereachedthevillage,wewouldn'tbeabletofindsomewheretosleep,(19)sowewantedtogetthereinabout8hours.Aftertwohoursweallrealizedwewerelost.The(20)furtherwewalked,themoreconfusedwebecame.Luckilyafterafurther4hourswemetsomehunters.Theydidn'tspeakthesamelanguageasourguide,butwewereableto(21)getacrossthatwewerelost.They(22)redirectedustowardsthevillage.Itwasafterdarkwhenwearrivedthere.Wehadbeenwalking(23)forover14hoursandwewere(24)absolutelyexhausted.Wehadbeenverylucky;ifwe(25)hadn'tmetthehunters,wewouldhavehadtosleepinthejungle.
IwastravellingaloneinWesternAustralialastyear,andonedayisetofftoclimbahighpeakinthatarea.Althoughinthesummertherearemanytourists,1wasthereoutofseasonbecausethereweren'tanytourgroups.SoonafterIreachedthetop,itbegantodrizzleandthefogcamedown.Verysoon,itwassothickthatpath.1takemyphonewithmeeverywherebecauseyouneverknowwhenyouwillneedit.
EventuallyIcalledmydad,whowas9,000milesawayintheUK.Hetoldmetophonethelocalemergencyservices,butIfeltsostupidthatIdidn'twantto.Luckily,mydadrealisedthisandmadeuphismindtocallthemhimself.TherescuerscalledmeonmobiletofindoutexactlywhereIwas,butunfortunatelythebatteryranoutafterfiveseconds.Ilaydownunderarockandwaited--itwasnearlynighttimeandIwascoldandwet.Justastheywereabouttocalloffthesearchforthenight,theyfoundme.Fortunatelyonerescuerhadsaid'Let'stryforjustfivemoreminutes.'Iftheyhadgivenup,Iwouldhavedied.
GeneticEngineering
Manypeopleareunawarethatalotofthefoodstheyeateveryday,suchasbread,hamandcheese,havebeenalteredbyusingnewtechnology.Foodcanbechanged.Itcanbemadetotastedifferentortolookdifferent-carrotscanbemadetotasteofchocolateandapplescanbemaderedder.Somefoodthatappearsthesamehasbeenscientificallyimproved,forexample,fishcanbemadetogrowfaster.Shouldwebepleasedorworried?
Willnewtechnologybringbenefits,orisitabouttogooutofcontrol?
Geneticallyengineeredfoodsareproducedbytakinggenericmaterialfromonespeciesandtransferringittoanother.Forexample,an‘antifreeze’genewhichappearsnaturallyinArcticfishhasbeenintroducedintotomatoesandstrawberries_sothat_theydon