液体粘性调速离合器.docx

液体粘性调速离合器.docx

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液体粘性调速离合器

hydroviscousVariableSpeedClutch（HVSC）——液体粘性调速离合器

发布日期：

[10-11-2221:

06:

20]浏览人次：

[424]

Abstract

YL-8hydroviscousVariableSpeedClutch（HVSC）isanenergy-conservationproductwithhighefficiencynewlydevelopedbyLiaoningHuafuPetroleumHigh-TechCo.,Ltd（Huafu）.IthaspassedtechnicalappraisalorganizedbyLiaoningProvinceonJuly24,2004,andtheachievementofwhichhasreachedworldadvancedstage.

YL－symbolofHVSC;

8－symbolofnominaltorque,theunitofwhichiskN·m.YL－8showsthattheequipmentcantransmittorqueof8000N·m.

HVSCisanewfluiddriveequipment,theprincipleofwhichistheviscosityoffluidandthesheareffectofoilfilm,asexpressedbyNewton’sinternal-frictionlaw.

Characteristics:

ThemainACmotorcanbeseparatedfromorconnectedwithworkingmachine,andthespeedcanberegulatedsteplessly.

Closedloopcontrolofrotationspeedcanberealizedmanually,automaticallyorlong-distancebyautomaticcontrollingsystem. 

◆Itiswidelyusedinmining,metallurgy,petroleum,chemistryandwatersupplyfields,forlargepowerfansandpumpstosaveenergy,forloadedmachineswithlargeinertiatostartsmoothly,andtoprotecttransmittingsystemfromover-loadinginstartingorbrakingstage,andforallpartsintransmittingsystemtobeprotectedwhenover-loaded.

◆Itisanewmechanicalproductwithsimplestructure,highrunningreliability,maintainabilityandoperability,apparentenergy-conservationeffect,andlowprice.

Currently,withthedevelopmentofnation’seconomyandtheimprovementofpeople’slivingstandard,theelectricpowerconsumptiongoesupdramaticallyandthelackofnation’selectricpowersupplybecomesincreasinglyapparent.Thusthemeasuresofpower-cuttinghavetobetakeninpeaktime.

Therefore,whilewedevelopelectricindustryrapidly,electricity-conservationisanotherurgentthingforustodo.

Accordingtoanauthoritativeinvestigation,theenergyconsumedbyfansandpumpsaccountsforonethirdofthetotalelectricpoweroutputand45%ofindustrialelectricityconsumptioninChina.Basedonastatistics,bytheendof1999,thereare7.8millionfans,40millionpumpsand5.6millioncompressorsinChina.Therefore,savingelectricenergyconsumedbyfans,pumpsandcompressorsisthekeytoelectricity-conservation.

Atpresent,mostmotorsmatchingwithfansandpumpsrotatewithconstantspeed.Valvesandbafflesareopenedlargerorsmallertoregulatetheflowratewhennecessary.Consequently,muchpowerislostandenergyiswasted.

IfthetransmittingequipmentHVSCisaddedbetweenthemotorandtheworkingmachine,thentheflowratecanbeadjustedbychangingtherotatingspeedoftheworkingmachine,andthustheenergycanbesaved.

HVSCistheenergy-conservationproductwithhighefficiencydevelopedforlargepowerfansandpumpstomeetthedemandofspeed-changing.

Principle,StructureandWorking

1Principle

ThefoundationisNewton’sinternalfrictionlaw,namely,powercanbetransmittedbytheviscosityoffluidandtheshearingeffectoftheoilfilm.Newton’sinternalfrictionlawcanbeexpressedasfollowsbyandlarge:

Ifthereisviscousfluidfullofthespacebetweentwoparallelboards,andthethicknessoftheoilfilmisδ,then,whenthelowerboardkeepsfixedandtheupperboardmovesparalleltotheloweronewithvelocityυ,thefluidbetweentheboardswillbesubjectedtoshearforce.

TheshearingforceofoilfilmisindirectproportiontotheboardareaAandthevelocitygradientυ/δ（orshearingrate）:

F∝A

or,shearingstressτisindirectproportiontotheviscosityoffluidandtheshearingspeedυ,andisininverseproportiontooilfilmthicknessδ.

=

=

Thereforehydroviscousdrivedevicetransmittinglargepowercanbedesignedaslongasthestructureparametersareproperlyselected.

EmployingthisprincipletoHVSC,everypairofdrivingfrictiondiscanddrivenfrictiondisccorrespondstothetwoparallelboardsinNewton’sinternalfrictionlaw.FullyoilsupplyingfromlubricatingoilsystemtothespacebetweendrivingfrictiondiscsanddrivenfrictiondiscscorrespondstotheviscousfluidbetweenthetwoboardsinNewton’sinternalfrictionlaw.Whenthegapsbetweenthefrictiondiscsare

 andtherotatingspeedofthedrivingfrictiondiscsandthedrivenfriction discsareω1andω2respectively,thetorquethatcanbetransmittedbythediscsisobtained:

M=n

A（ω1-ω2）（R+r）/2

Fromtheformulaaboveitisobviousthatwhentheparametersareconstant,theabilityofHVSCtotransmittorqueisindirectproportiontotheviscosity

 ofoilandtothedifferenceofrotationspeed（

1-

2）,andisinreverseproportiontothegap

.Thegap

 isthemainparameterforHVSCtoregulatethetorquetransmittedandtherevolutionspeedoftheloadedmachine.

Structure

Ⅰ－principlemachine Ⅱ-1－lubricatingoilsystem（hydraulicsystem） Ⅱ-2－controllingoilsystem（hydraulicsystem） Ⅲ－automaticcontrollingsystem

1、pressuretransmitter   2、drivingshaft       3、supportingplate

4、drivenhub          5、drivingfrictiondiscs 6、drivenfrictiondiscs

7、spring-pushingplate 8、spring         9、hydrocylinder 

10、drivenshaft     11、rotationspeedtransmitter

12、magnetoelectricrotationspeedsensor  13、speed-measuringfluteddisc 14、drivenplate     15、piston          16、pressuretransmitter 

17、pressuregauge   18、overflowvalve  19、fineoilfilter 

20、controllingoilpump                   2

1、motorforcontrollingoilpump

22、electricheaterinoiltank           23、univertor

24、throttlingorificeplate              25、temperaturetransmitter

26、temperaturetransmitter               27、coarseoilfilter

28、temperaturetransmitter 29、oiltank 30、overflowvalve

31、motorforlubricatingoilpump        32、lubricatingoilpump

33、pressuregauge   34、cooler          35、temperaturegauge

HVSCconsistsofthreeparts:

principlemachine,hydraulicsystemandautomaticsystem.

 Principlemachine

Itmainlycomprisesdrivingpart,drivenpart,executingpartofcontrollingsystemandsupportingpart.

2.1.1Thedrivingpartconsistsofdrivingshaft

（2）anddrivingfrictiondiscs（5）.

Thereareexternalteethontherightofdrivingshaft,matingwiththeinternalteethondrivingfrictiondiscs.Thusthedrivingshaftandthedrivingfrictiondiscscanbeconnectedandrotatesynchronously.Thereareradialoilholes,axialoilholesandoil-jettingholestheshaftforlubricatingoiltopassthrough.

2.1.2Thedrivenpartconsistsofdrivenshaft（10）,drivenplate（14）,drivenhub（4）,supportingplate（3） anddrivenfrictiondiscs（6）

Thedrivenfrictiondiscswithexternalteethmateswiththedrivenhubwithinternalteeth,androtatewiththedrivenhubsynchronously.Thereareoilholesonexternalsurfaceforthelubricatingoilpassingthroughthegapsbetweenthefrictiondiscstoreturntotheoiltank.

   Theexecutingpartofcontrollingsystemconsistsofhydrocylinder（9）,piston（15）,spring（8）andspring-pushingplate（7）.

   Appliedbythepressureofcontrollingoil,thepistonmovesleftagainstthespringforce,whichmakesthegapsbetweenthefrictiondiscsthinner.Whenthepressureofcontrollingoilbecomessmaller,thepistonmovesrightduetothespringforce,whichmakesthegapsthicker.

2.2Hydraulicsystem

Oneislubricatingoilsystem,andtheotheriscontrollingoilsystem.

2.2.Lubricatingoilsystemcomprisesoiltank（29）,coarseoilfilter（27）,motorforlubricatingoilpump（31）,lubricatingoilpump（32）,cooler（34）,temperaturegauge（35）,overflowvalve（30）andelectricheaterinoiltank,etc. 

Thefunctionoflubricatingoilsystemistopumpsufficientoilintothegapsbetweenthediscs,sothatworkingoilfilmcanbeformed.Simultaneously,theheatduetothedifferenttherotationspeedofthemotorandtheHVSCistakentothecoolertobedispersed.

Thecontrollingoilsystemcomprisesmotorforcontrollingoilpump（21）,controllingoilpump（20）,fineoilfilter（19）,pressuregauge（17）,throttlingorificeplate（24）andunivertor（23）,etc.

Incontrollingoilsystem,accordingtotherequirementsofthedifferentdisplacementofworkingmachine,workingoilisprovidedtothecylinderwithvariouspressures.Thehigherthepressure,thehighertherotationspeedoftheworkingmachine,andviceversa.

2.3Automaticcontrollingsystem

Itconsistsofmonitoringpart,equipment-controllingpart,primaryinstrumentsandonsiteequipments. 

  Thepressureofthecylinderincontrollingoilsystemvariesalongwiththefrequencyoftheunivertorchanges.Theoutputfrequencycanbedesignatedautomaticallybycontrollingsystem（ormanually）inrangeof 0～50Hz.Therefore,byadjustingthefrequencyoftheunivertor,thepressureofthecontrollingoilsystemcanberegulatedsteplessly to0～2.5MPa.ConsequentlytherotationspeedoftheHVSCcanbechangedcontinuously.

Working

  ThedrivingshaftofHVSCisconnectedtoasynchronousmotorthroughonesemi-coupling,andthedrivenshafttotheworkingmachinethroughtheother.Poweristransferredfrominputshafttodrivingfrictiondiscsand,atthesametime,lubricatingoilispumpedtothegapsbetweenfrictiondiscs.Sothepowerispassedtotheoilfilm,thentodrivenfrictiondiscs,atlasttodrivenshaft.

Principleofenergy-conservation

ThefoundationforHVSCtosaveenergyisthecharacteristicsoffansandpumps:

1.DisplacementQ∝n；

2.PressureH∝n2；

3.PowerP∝n3。

Wherenistherotationspeedofdrivenshaft.

Thatistosay,whentherevolutionspeedofworkingmachinereducesslightly,theshaftpowerreducesdramatically,asisshowninthetablebelow.

DisplacementQ,pressureHandshaftpowerVSrotationspeedn

Rotationsp