浅析微博语言暴力.docx

浅析微博语言暴力.docx

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浅析微博语言暴力

NetspeakViolenceinanEnvironmentofMicro-Discourse

--ACaseStudyonMicroblogsConcerningtheChancellorChangeofZhejiangUniversity

AbstractThisstudyinvestigatesthenetspeakviolenceinanenvironmentofmicro-discourse,namely,microblogs.AdiscourseanalysisofmicroblogsconcerningthechancellorchangeofZhejiangUniversityiscarriedout.Possiblecausesofnetspeakviolencearediscussed.Intheendtheauthorputforwardsomepotentialsolutionstothenetspeakviolence.

Keywordsnetspeakviolence,microblog,internet,discourse

I.Introduction

ThepositionofChancellorofZhejiangUniversityhadbeenvacantsincetheformerChancellorMr.YangWeiwasrelocated.OnJune21th,2013,rumorwasstartedthatMr.LinJianhuawasgoingtotakethepositionandtherumorthenturnedouttobetrue.Mr.Linwasdiscreditedbadlyontheinternetfornotbeingatopscientistandsomeotherscandals.Onwe-mediasocialwebsites,suchasSinaMicroblog,heateddiscussionsaboutthatincidentwasraised.MostofmicroblogsholdtheopinionthatMr.LinisnotqualifiedorcapableofbeingthechancellorofZhejiangUniversity,atop-notchuniversitywithsuchglorioushistoryandexcellentacademicachievements.Suddenly,themicroblogwebsitewasfilledwithabusivedenunciations,sarcasticdiscourses,criticsandremonstrations.AlumniUnionleadersgatheredanddeclaredtheiroppositepositionofMr.Linbeingthenewchancellor.Mr.Lin’scurricularvitaeonWikipediawasevendistortedtodefamehim.Netspeakviolencereallyhurtsthemiddle-agedrecently-nominatedChancellor.Anditshockedmehowdestructivethenetspeakviolencecouldget.

Whatisviolence?

Asiscommonlyrecognized,violenceisanaggressiveactionorbehaviorthatharmsapersonordamagethings.Languageviolenceconnotesthatpeopleresorttoextremeorevenseditiousdiscoursestomanifesttheirideasandtrytoforceotherpeopletoagree.Consequently,languageviolencecausedamagetothemindsandmentalitiesoftheintendedtargets.Netspeakviolence,asisimpliedbythename,isthelanguageviolenceontheinternet,especiallyonmicro-discoursesocialnetworks.

Thisstudyaimstoinvestigatethenetspeakviolenceintheenvironmentofmicro-discoursebyanalyzingthemicroblogsconcerningthechancellorchangeofZhejiangUniversity.Textanalysisiscarriedouttostudythecharacteristicsofnetspeakviolence.Possiblecausesofnetspeakviolenceandpotentialsolutionsareputforwardafterthetextanalysis.

II.Textanalysis

Twohundredsmicroblogpostsarerandomlyselected,whichwereallpostedsinceJune21th,thedaywhentheinformationofChancellorNominationfirstcameout.Inordertoensuretherepresentativityofthesamples,theauthorselectedthefirstmicroblogoneachpageofthesearchresultwithakeywordof“林建华”andexcludedthepoststhatdonotconcerntheChancellorNominateorhisinaugurationandthepoststhatarenotoriginal.Themicroblogpostscanbecategorizedintothefourgroups.

2.1Abusivedenunciations.

Thereare37（18.5%）microblogpoststhatareaggressiveandabusive,containingswearingwordsandradicaldiscourse.Thetypicaldirtywordsareunderlined.

“毕业典礼坚决不和林建华握手，林建华只要你敢来，我们就用口水淹死你！

！

！

”

“林建华傻逼不解释，这是浙大好么，你以为你还是管着一群羊驼？

”

“跟风miss下陆sir…林建华滚出浙大”

“滚回北大”

“什么跳蚤都来蹦哒啊这是”

“傻逼嘛难道看不出来联合声明就是含沙射影林建华的吗非院士学术不行只会做官的人来浙大干什么”

“林建华真是一头死猪啊。

这么多人抵制这么多人喷居然还不主动请辞？

”

“反对林建华担任我校校长！

！

！

一个资历平平刚担任重庆大学校长就有老教授跳楼的校长谈何能力管理浙大？

请不要毁了我们的学校！

！

！

”

Thosekindofmicroblogsarethemoststraightforwardnetspeakviolence.Theyaretosomeextentofaformofpersonalattack.Thoseabusivedenunciationsareallfrommicrobloguserswithaliasoranonymoususers.

2.2Sarcasticandpessimisticjudgments.

Thisisthebiggestcategoryofthefour,containing100（50%）microblogposts.ThosekindofmicroblogsdiscreditMr.Linwithsarcasmandindirectcritics.Mostofthemhaveapessimisticandmockingtone.Forexample:

“林建华是啥？

”（ReferringMr.Lintosomething,notsomeone）

“坚决反对林建华出任浙大校长。

要学术没学术，要管理没管理，就这么个角色出来当校长真是贻笑大方，还不如让浙大老师自治！

”（Notqualifiedtobethenewchancellor）

“不过真的有点搞笑啊，他连院士都不是就来我浙当校长？

！

”（UsingrhetoricquestiontomockMr.LinnotbeinganAcademician）

“亡我浙大之心不死”（BelievingthatMr.LinisdefinitelygoingtodestroyZhejiangUniversity）

“我和我的小伙伴们都惊呆了”（Usingamockingtone）

“林建华终于走了，我重大人终于看到希望啦”（ReferringMr.Lin’srelocationasbenefittoChongqingUniversitywhereMr.LinformerlyworkedasChancellor）

“说你行你就行，不行也行，不行就试试”（CriticizingthenominationmechanismofEducationBureau）

Asisseenfromthestatistic,mostpeopletendtoexpresstheirdissatisfactionanddoubtsinalessrudeway.EventhoughthepessimisticpointofviewtowardsthenewChancellorisstillstrongandradical,mostmicrobloguserrefusetoturntouncivilizeddiscoursestoabreacttheirfeelings.

2.3Rationalcritiques

46（23.5%）microblogpostsbelongtothiscategory.Noneofironictonesandabusivewordscanbefoundinthosekindofmicroblogs.Instead,allofthemconsistofrationalreasoningconcerningwhyMr.Linshouldnotbecomethenewchancellor.Itisnotguaranteedthatthosemicroblogusersarelogical,buttheyatleastappearstobereasonable.Additionally,itisnoticeablethatthosekindofmicroblogstendtobelongerthantheonesofthefirsttwocategories.Typicalexamplesareasfollows:

“凡事的变革总得有个开始。

你这个说法听起来很有道理，但是你的前提是同意大学校长由上面直接任命，而现在校友们其实是在争取自己推举选择自己家长的权利。

我不知校长究竟是国家任命好，还是学校和其校友们来决定好，但若是后者，则这次的反林是有一定意义的，不管他是林建华还是李建华或张建华。

”

“不知林建华先生是何许人也，但逼得自校老教授跳楼就感觉不慎好。

浙大这么多教授学者联名反对肯定也是事出有因，秉承民主也行听从师生们的声音，希望学术殿堂里参杂的政治原因越少越好”

“不敢左右大家的意见，但学而优（有待商榷）则仕的老师我不喜欢，既然选择了学生学术学校，就别拿这个作为跳板或者当作贯彻狗屁*的领导力的一隅！

所幸我碰到了不少好老师，但也能看到学术跳板实践者，所以，对林建华这种指派领导厌恶之情也是犹如滔滔江水奔流不息！

站出来反对！

”

2.4Supportive,neutralandotheropinions

Only17（8.5%）microblogsarenotoppositeofMr.Lin.Somearesupportivewhilesomeareindifferent.

“求是人的自救！

虽然不知道林建华先生在重庆大学的所作所为，但也衷心希望能够有德高望重而且愿意励精图治为浙大谋求宏图的人士就任。

所有浙大人顶起来！

”

“其实校长是谁，有哪些头衔，做过什么卓著贡献，这些都不重要，我觉得，最重要的是他如何继承和发扬这所大学一脉相承的精神内涵。

倘若林建华能做到这一点，质疑和抵制自然会销声匿迹。

”

Fortheabovefourcategories,thefirsttwocategoriesareobviouslyinthedomainofnetspeakviolenceandtheyshockinglytakeover2/3ofalltherelatedmicroblogs.Itisreasonabletodrawsuchconclusionthatnetspeakviolenceisfloodingtheenvironmentofmicro-discourseenvironment.

III.Possiblecausesofnetspeakviolence

Theemergenceandgrowthofnetspeakviolenceisdefinitelynotaccidental.Thecausesaremulti-sidedandcomplicated.Theauthorstudiesthepossiblecausesfromtwodifferentperspectives,namely,individualperspectiveandnetworkperspective.

3.1Individualperspective

Themostinfluentialfactorofnetspeakviolenceistheeducationlevelsofnetusers.Accordingtothe31thStatisticReportoftheNetworkDevelopmentofChina（第31次中国互联网络发展状况统计报告）issuedbyChinaInternetNetworkInformationCenterinJanuary2013,netuserswithacollegedegreeorhigheronestakesonlyabout11.3%.Variouslevelsofeducationusuallyleadtoavarietyofsocialmanners.Thosewithlowerlevelstendstobemoreradicalandemotional.Thereportannotatesthatuserswithlowereducationlevelscontributetothegrowthofnetspeakviolence.However,intermsofthechancellorchangeofZhejiangUniversity,educationfactormaynotbeasinfluential,sincemostoftheusersparticipatingthatdiscussionarecollegestudentsandteachers.

Conformistmentalityisanotherpossiblecausethatcannotbeignored.Conformistmentalitydescribes“howpeopleareinfluencedbytheirpeerstoadoptcertainbehaviors,followtrends,and/orpurchaseitems”（Wikipedia）.Psychologistsbelievethatconformistbehaviorsprovideapersonwithasenseofsecurity.Ontheotherhand,conformistmentalityhelpsevaderesponsibility.Ontheinternet,onlyafewnetusersareabletodrawmassiveattentionbyscientificanalysisandlogicalreasoning.However,mostofnetusershopetoattractothersandmeanwhilenottobeisolatedoroffended.Sotheychoosetobeinfavorofwhatmostpeoplechoosetobelieve.Besides,itisverylikelythatsomenetusersdonotthinkindependentlyatall.

Microblogandothersocialnetworksarepublicplatformsonwhichnetusersgathertoreleasetheiremotions,especiallynegativeemotionslikedepression,jealousy,angerandsoon.Suchemotionalthinkingmethodhasatendencytoresultinirrationalexpressions.Consequently,whenanetuserparticipatesinadiscussion,heorshewouldbeeasilyinfluencedbyemotionsandinvolvedintonetspeakviolencewithoutevenrealizingit.Popularopinionsareverymuchpossibletobestirreduporcontrolled.

IntermsoftheresistanceofMr.Lin,apublicletterfromtheAlumniUnionsignificantlyheatedit,inwhichvariousreasonstoopposeMr.Linareillustrated.Theletterhasbeenwidelyforwardedbymicrobloguserswithallkindsoffollowingcomments.Eventhoughthereareobviousinexactnessandlogicalloopholesintheletter,theletterisstillwildlysupported.Conformistmentalityandemotionreleasingfosteredthenetspeakviolenceagainstthenewchancellor.

3.2Networkperspective

Theanonymityofthemicroblogisthedirectcausefromthenetworkperspective.Withpersonalidentityburiedundertheground,anyindividualisfreetoexpressanyideainanylanguagestyle.Thefreedombringsexcitementandthesenseofsecurity,whichcontributestothenetspeakviolence.ThenetspeakviolenceismuchlessonRandCC98BBSthanonSinaMicroblogbecauseofthereal-identityregistration.

Theeasyoperationandfragmenteddiscoursealsoencouragethenetspeakviolencetosomeextent.Itisveryconvenientforamicroblogusertoforwardanopinionandaddcommentsthatarelimitedwithin140words.Heorshejustneedtoclickthemouseandinputthefirstthoughtinh