北师大版高中英语选修八Unit24Society语法篇教师版.docx
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北师大版高中英语选修八Unit24Society语法篇教师版
-CAL-FENGHAI-（2020YEAR-YICAI）_JINGBIAN
北师大版高中英语选修八-Unit24-Society-语法篇（教师版）
Unit24Society语法篇
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1、虚拟语气—在书面语中
2、虚拟语气—在口语，非正式用语中
一，虚拟语气—在书面语中
1.用“should/oughtto+动词原形”的形式。
Weshouldgooutfoeawalk.
Yououghttostudyhardforyourfuture.
温馨提示：
should和oughtto都表示“应该”，一般可以互换使用，但是should含有“按我的想法应该…”的意思；oughtto语气强烈，强调“有责任，义务或按道理应该…”的意思。
2.有些动词后跟宾语从句时，从句的谓语用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。
此类动词可以
用“一，二，三，四法”进行记忆。
一个“坚持”，即insist。
Heinsistedthatwe（should）attendthemeeting.
两个“命令”，即order和command。
Thebossorderedalltheworkers（should）bethereontime.
三个“建议”，即suggest,advise,recommend。
Hesuggestedthatwe（should）gooutforawalk.
四个“要求”，即demand,require,request和desire。
Idemandedthathe（should）answermeassoonaspossible.
注意：
当suggest表示“暗示，表明”：
时，insist表示“坚持说”时，后面的从句不用虚拟语气，用陈述语气。
3.在“It’sdesired/suggested/requiredthat…”句型中，后面的主语从句的谓语动词用“should+动词
原形”，should可以省略。
Itisdesiredthatwe（should）geteverythingreadybytonight.
4.在suggestion,proposal,order,advice,demand等名词后接的表语从句或同位语从句中，谓语动词
用“should+动词原形”，should可以省略。
There’snosuggestionthatyou（should）resign.
5.在“Itis（high）timethat…”这一特殊句式中，谓语动词用过去式或shoulddo的形式表示虚拟，
should不能省略。
It’stimethatwewenthome.
二，虚拟语气—在口语，非正式用语中
1.用ifIwereyou,I’d…句型，语气更委婉，含蓄。
IfIwereyou,I’dgowiththem.
2.用Ithinkyoushould/oughttodo…句型，语气稍强。
Ithinkyoushouldbuyhimagift.
3.如果要强硬的批评，责备某人或提出建议，可用下列句型：
It’sabout/hightimethat…
It’sabouttimeyougotdowntoreading.
You’dbetterdosth./You’dbetternotdosth.
You’dbettergivehimsomeadviceonit.
I’drathersb.didsth.
I’dratheryoucametonight.
例1.You_____trustanonlineshopjustbecauseithasabeautifully-designedwebsite.
A.shouldn’t
B.mustn’t
C.couldn’t
D.needn’t
解析：
句意：
你不应该仅仅因为有一个设计优美的网站就相信一家网店。
本题考查情态动词。
根据句意可知此题选择A项shouldn’t不应该。
mustn’t禁止；couldn’t不能；needn’t不需要，均不符合句意。
答案：
A。
例2.Eyedoctorsrecommendedthatachild’sfirsteyeexam_____attheageofsixmonthsold.
A.was
B.be
C.were
D.is
解析：
句意：
眼科医生建议孩子的第一次演讲检查应该在六个月大的时候进行。
动词recommend后跟宾语从句，从句中的谓语动词形式为“should+动词原形（should可省略）”。
答案：
B。
例3.We_______backinthehotelnowifyoudidn’tlosethemap.
A.are
B.were
C.willbe
D.wouldbe
解析：
句意：
如果你没有丢掉地图，我们现在回到宾馆了。
本题考查虚拟语气。
根据句意可知，if引导的从句是对过去事实的阐述，而主句表示与现在事实相反的虚拟，其谓语动词应为：
would/should/could/might+do结构，故选择D项。
答案：
D。
例4.（2019北京大兴高三一模）HowIwisheverybody_____theopportunitytotravelinspace.
A.has
B.had
C.willhave
D.hashad
解析：
句意：
我多希望每个人都有机会去太空旅行啊！
根据语境可知，wish后面的宾语从句要用虚拟语气，故用一般过去时表示与现在事实相反的假设。
故答案选B。
答案：
B。
例5.（2019北京石景山高三一模）Theoldmanwishedhe_____toseethebirthofhisgrandchild.
A.wouldlive
B.lived
C.hadlived
D.lives
解析：
句意为：
老人希望自己能活着见到他的孙子出生。
根据句意可知，该句为虚拟语气，表示对将来情况的虚拟，从句应用wouldlive。
故A正确。
答案：
A。
基础演练
一，单项选择。
1.Ifonlyhe____quietlyasthedoctorinstructed,hewouldnotsuffersomuchnow.
A.liesB.layC.hadlainD.shouldlie
2.HowIwisheveryfamily____alargehousewithabeautifulgarden.
A.hasB.hadC.willhaveD.hadhad
3.Youdidnotletmedrive.Ifwe____inturn,you____sotired.
A.drove;didn’tgetB.drove;wouldn’tget
C.weredriving;wouldn’tgetD.haddriven;wouldn’thavegot
4._____itraintomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittotheYangpuBridge.
A.WereB.ShouldC.WouldD.Will
5.Isuggestedtheperson_____tobeputintoprison.
A.refersB.referringC.referredD.refer
6.Whenapencilispartlyinaglassofwater,itlooksasifit____.
A.breaksB.hasbrokenC.werebrokenD.hadbeenbroken
7.Iinsisted_____toseeadoctor,butheinsistednothing___wrongwithhim.
A.onhimtogo;shouldbeB.hewent;be
C.hego;wasD.heshouldto;is
8.---Yourauntinvitesyoutothemoviestoday.
---Ihadrathershe____metomorrowthantoday.
A.tellsB.toldC.wouldtellD.hadtold
9.---Wouldyouhavecalledheruphaditbeenpossible.
---Yes,butI____busydoingmyhomework.
A.wasB.wereC.hadbeenD.wouldbe
10.Iwasillthatday,otherwiseI____thesportsmeet.
A.wouldhavetakenpartinB.tookpartin
C.hadtakenpartinD.wouldtakepartin
Keys：
1-10CBDBCCCBAA
巩固提高
一，单项选择。
1.___theclouds,youwouldfindtheairplaneintheskyeasily
A.HaditnotbeenforB.IfitwerenotC.IfithadnotbeenforD.Wereitnotfor
2.Ifmylawyer____herelastSunday,he____mefromgoing
A.hadbeen,wouldhavepreventedB.hadbeen,wouldprevent
C.were,preventD.were,wouldhaveprevented
3.（2019北京高三顺义第一学期期末考试）—Helooksveryhotanddry.
—Sowouldyouifyou______atemperatureof40.
A.haveB.hadC.wouldhaveD.havehad
4.（2019北京高三丰台一模）Althoughthetest_____looklikeasimpleone,greatcareisneeded.
A.mayB.mustC.shouldD.need
5.（2019北京高三朝阳一模）—Congratulations!
Ihearyou’vewonthefirstprizeinthesinging
competition.
—You_____bemistaken.I’minthedanceclass.
A.mustB.mayC.shouldD.could
Keys：
1-5DABAA
一，单项选择。
1.Ididnotseeyoursisteratthemeeting.Ifshe____,shewouldhavemetmybrother.
A.hascomeB.didcomeC.comeD.hadcome
2.He____busyyesterday,orhe___youwithyourexperiment.
A.was,hadhelpedB.was,wouldhavehelped
C.hadbeen,wouldhavehelpedD.were,wouldhavehelped
3.Ifit____forthesnow,we____themountainyesterday.
A.werenot,couldhaveclimbB.werenot,couldclimb
C.hadnotbeen,couldhaveclimbedD.hadn’tbeen,couldclimb
4.Withoutelectricity,humanlife____quitedifficulttoday.
A.isB.willbeC.wouldhavebeenD.wouldbe
5.---Iamgoingtotellherthenews.
---Iwouldassoonyou_____heraboutit.
A.didn’ttellB.don’ttellC.hadn’ttellD.won’ttell
6.Mike’sfather,aswellashismother,insistedhe____home.
A.stayedB.couldstayC.hasstayedD.stay
7.Itwasrequestedthattheplay____again.
A.shouldputonB.wouldputonC.beputonD.puton
8.Sheinsistedthatadoctor_____immediately.
A.hadsentforB.sendC.besentforD.wassent
9.---Didyouscoldhimforhiscarelessness.
----Yes,but____it.
A.I’drathernotdoB.I’drathernothavedoneC.Ishould’tdoD.I’dbetternotdo
10.IfonlyI___mycar.
A.hadn’tlostB.wouldn’tloseC.didn’tloseD.haven’tlost
11.Butforwater,it____impossibletoliveintheearth.
A.isB.wouldC.wereD.wouldn’tbe
12.Iwouldratheryou____anythingaboutitforthetimebeing.
A.doB.didn’tdoC.don’tD.didn’t
13.Thekind-heartedcoupletreattheorphanverywellasthoughhe____theirownson.
A.isB.wereC.hadbeenD.shouldbe
14.Howtheoldpeoplewishthatthey____youngoncemore.
A.wereB.couldbecomeC.hadbeenD.shouldbe
15.Itishightimethatwe____ameetingtodiscussthisproblem.
A.holdB.heldC.haveheldD.hadheld
Keys:
1-15DBCDADCCBACBBAB
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一，完型填空。
Myfirstexpedition
WhenIwasabouttwelve,I1thechancetogotowesternChina,lookingforrareplantsinanextraordinaryareaofmountainsandforests.Iwasn'tallthat2inplants,butmydad'sabotanistby3andhewasgoingasanassistanttoProfessorBeal,whowas4theexpedition.
Itwasanimportantinternationalexpeditionandmynamewas5notonthelistofparticipants.Butatthe6moment,oneoftheexpertsbrokehisankleandhadto7out.Itwasimpossibletogetanyoneelsetogoatsuch8notice,somydadsuggestedtakingme,9theexperience.
Ithinktheprofessorwassosurprisedthatheagreedwithoutthinking,butheobviouslybeganto10doubtsassoonastheplanewasintheair.Irememberhim11thathehopedIwasn'tgoingtorunaroundand12onrarespecimens!
AsifIwasalittlekid.
Mydaddidn'tsayanythingasbadasthat,buthedidsaythathehopedhewasn'tgoingto13bringingme.ItriedtobereallyquietsotheywouldforgetIwasthere.Theydidn'trealizeitatthe14,butmyambitionwastogetaphotoofawildpanda.And,ofcourse,intheendthat's15whatIdid.
1.A.gotB.foundC.reachedD.received
2.A.fascinatedB.keenC.interestedD.fond
3.A.workB.professionC.jobD.employment
4.A.offeringB.givingC.leadingD.exploring
5.A.completelyB.definitelyC.particularlyD.confidently
6.A.lateB.finalC.lastD.end
7.A.dropB.slipC.fallD.look
8.A.quickB.briefC.fastD.short
9.A.toB.forC.onD.of
10.A.haveB.seeC.doD.feel
11.A.speakingB.tellingC.talkingD.saying
12.A.stepB.spoilC.squashD.ruin
13.A.discourageB.regretC.disappointD.apologize
14.A.minuteB.pointC.eventD.time
15.A.perfectlyB.correctlyC.exactlyD.accurately
二，写作。
假设你是红星中学高二
（1）班的学生李华，去年你作为交换生在美国学习和生活了半年。
请根据以下四幅图的先后顺序，写一篇关于你在美国学习和生活情况的短文，向学校英语报社的投稿。
注意：
词数不少于60。
StudyandliveinAmerica
LasttermIstayedinAmericaforhalfayearasanexchangestudent.
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