整理年考研英语二真题及答案解析.docx

整理年考研英语二真题及答案解析.docx

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整理年考研英语二真题及答案解析

2013年考研英语二真题及答案解析

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2013考研英语

（二）真题

SectionI    UseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmarkA，B，CorDonANSWERSHEET1.（10points）

Giventheadvantagesofelectronicmoney,youmightthinkthatwewouldmovequicklytothecashlesssocietyinwhichallpaymentsaremadeelectronically. ___1___atruecashlesssocietyisprobablynotaroundthecorner.Indeed，predictionshavebeen___2___fortwodecadesbuthavenotyetcometofruition。

Forexample,BusinessWeekpredictedin1975thatelectronicmeansofpaymentwouldsoon”revolutionizethevery___3___ofmoneyitself，”onlyto___4___ itselfseveralyearslater。

Whyhasthemovementtoacashlesssocietybeenso___5___incoming？

Althoughelectronicmeansofpaymentmaybemoreefficientthanapaymentssystembasedonpaper，severalfactorswork___6___thedisappearanceofthepapersystem.First,itisvery___7___tosetupthecomputer，cardreader，andtelecommunicationsnetworksnecessarytomakeelectronicmoneythe___8___formofpaymentSecond，papercheckshavetheadvantagethatthey___9___receipts,somethingthatmanyconsumersareunwillingto___10___.Third，theuseofpaperchecksgivesconsumersseveraldaysof”float"—ittakesseveraldays___11___ acheckiscashedandfundsare___12___fromtheissuer'saccount,whichmeansthatthewriterofthecheckcancaminterestonthefundsinthemeantime.___13___electronicpaymentsarcimmediate,theyeliminatethefloatfortheconsumer.

Fourth，electronicmeansofpaymentmay___14___securityandprivacyconcerns。

Weoftenhearmediareportsthatanunauthorizedhackerhasbeenabletoaccessacomputerdatabaseandtoalterinformation___15___there。

Thefactthatthisisnotan___16___occurrencemeansthatdishonestpersonsmightbeabletoaccessbankaccountsinelectronicpaymentssystemsand___17___fromsomeoneelse'saccounts.The___18___ofthistypeoffraudisnoeasytask，andanewfieldofcomputerscienceisdevelopingto___19___securityissues。

Afurtherconcernisthattheuseofelectronicmeansofpaymentleavesanelectronic___20___thatcontainsalargeamountofpersonaldata。

Thereareconcernsthatgovernment,employers，andmarketersmightbeabletoaccessthesedata,therebyviolatingourprivacy。

1.[A]However    [B］Moreover      [C]Therefore          [D］Otherwise

2.[A］off                 ［B]back                 [C]over                 ［D]around

3。

［A］power             ［B]concept             ［C]history             [D]role

4.［A]reward            [B］resist                [C]resume            [D］reverse

5。

[A］silent               [B]sudden              ［C］slow                ［D]steady

6。

［A］for                    [B］against               [C]with                 ［D］on

7.[A］imaginative     [B］expensive         ［C］sensitive      [D]productive

8。

[A]similar          [B]original           [C］temporary        [D]dominant

9。

[A］collect            ［B］provide              [C]copy                [D］print

10.[A]giveup          ［B］takeover       ［C]bringback         [D］passdown

11.［A]before           ［B］after              ［C]since               [D]when

12.［A]kept              [B]borrowed       [C]released          [D］withdrawn

13。

[A］Unless             [B]Until               [C］Because        [D]Though

14.[A]hide                 [B]express          ［C]raise            [D]ease

15。

［A]analyzed         ［B]shared            ［C]stored         [D]displayed

16.[A]unsafe           ［B]unnatural         [C］uncommon     [D]unclear

17。

［A]steal              ［B]choose            ［C]benefit            ［D]return

18。

[A］consideration [B]prevention          [C]manipulation      ［D]justification

19。

［A］copewith       [B]fightagainst       ［C］adaptto         [D］callfor

20。

［A]chunk              ［B]chip                  [C］path                [D］trail

SectionII ReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions：

Readthefollowingfourtexts。

AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B，CorD。

MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1。

（40points）

Text1

Inanessayentitled“MakingItinAmerica”，theauthorAdamDavidsonrelatesajokefromcottonaboutjusthowmuchamoderntextilemillhasbeenautomated:

Theaveragemillonlytwoemployeestoday，”amanandadog.Themanistheretofeedthedogistheretokeepthemanawayfromthemachines.”

Davidson’sarticleisoneofanumberofpiecesthathaverecentlyappearedmakingthepointthatthereasonwehavesuchstubbornlyhighunemploymentanddecliningmiddle-classincomestodayisalsobecauseoftheadvancesinbothglobalizationandtheinformationtechnologyrevolution，whicharemorerapidlythaneverreplacinglaborwithmachinesorforeignworker.

Inthepast，workerswithaverageskills，doinganaveragejob,couldearnanaveragelifestyle,But，today，averageisofficiallyover.Beingaveragejustwon'tearnyouwhatitusedto。

Itcan’twhensomanymoreemployershavesomuchmoreaccesstosomuchmoreaboveaveragecheapforeignlabor，cheaprobotics，cheapsoftware，cheapautomationandcheapgenius.Therefore,everyoneneedstofindtheirextra-theiruniquevaluecontributionthatmakesthemstandoutinwhateveristheirfieldofemployment.

Yes，newtechnologyhasbeeneatingjobsforever,andalwayswill.Butthere’sbeenanacceleration.AsDavidsonnotes,”Inthe10yearsendingin2009,［U.S。

］factoriesshedworkerssofastthattheyerasedalmostallthegainsoftheprevious70years；roughlyoneoutofeverythreemanufacturingjobs—about6millionintotal-disappeared。

Therewillalwaysbechanged—newjobs,newproducts，newservices。

ButtheonethingweknowforsureisthatwitheachadvanceinglobalizationandtheI。

T.revolution,thebestjobswillrequireworkerstohavemoreandbettereducationtomakethemselvesaboveaverage.

Inaworldwhereaverageisofficiallyover，therearemanythingsweneedtodotosupportemployment，butnothingwouldbemoreimportantthanpassingsomekindofG。

I.Billforthe21stcenturythatensuresthateveryAmericanhasaccesstopoet-highschooleducation.

 21。

ThejokeinParagraph1isusedtoillustrate_______.

[A]theimpactoftechnologicaladvances

[B]thealleviationofjobpressure

［C］theshrinkageoftextilemills

［D］thedeclineofmiddle—classincomes

22.AccordingtoParagraph3，tobeasuccessfulemployee，onehasto______

［A]workoncheapsoftware

[B］askforamoderatesalary

[C]adoptanaveragelifestyle

［D]contributesomethingunique

23.ThequotationinParagraph4explainsthat______

［A］gainsoftechnologyhavebeenerased

[B］jobopportunitiesaredisappearingatahighspeed

[C］factoriesaremakingmuchlessmoneythanbefore

［D]newjobsandserviceshavebeenoffered

24.Accordingtotheauthor,toreduceunemployment，themostimportantis_____

 [A]toacceleratetheI。

T.revolution

 ［B]toensuremoreeducationforpeople

 [C]toadvanceeconomicglobalization

 [D]topassmorebillsinthe21stcentury

25。

Whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostappropriatetitleforthetext？

 ［A]NewLawTakesEffect

 ［B]TechnologyGoesCheap

 [C］AverageIsOver

 [D]RecessionIsBad

Text2

Acenturyago，theimmigrantsfromacrosstheAtlanticincludedsettlersandsojourners。

AlongwiththemanyfolkslookingtomakeapermanenthomeintheUnitedStatescamethosewhohadnointentiontostay,and7millinpeoplearrivedwhileabout2milliondeparted。

AboutaquarterofallItalianimmigrants,forexample，eventuallyreturnedtoItalyforgood。

Theyevenhadanaffectionatenickname,“uccellidipassaggio，”birdsofpassage。

Today，wearemuchmorerigidaboutimmigrants.Wedividenewcomersintotwocategories：

legalorillegal,goodorbad。

WehailthemasAmericansinthemaking，orourbrokenimmigrationsystemandthelongpoliticalparalysisoverhowtofixit。

Wedon’tneedmorecategories,butweneedtochangethewaywethinkaboutcategories。

Weneedtolookbeyondstrictdefinitionsoflegalandillegal。

Tostart，wecanrecognizethenewbirdsofpassage,thoselivingandthrivinginthegrayareas.Wemightthenbegintosolveourimmigrationchallenges.

 Croppickers,violinists,constructionworkers，entrepreneurs,engineers,homehealth—careaidesandphysicistsareamongtoday’sbirdsofpassage。

Theyareenergeticparticipantsinaglobaleconomydrivenbytheflowofwork，moneyandideas.Theyprefertocomeandgoasopportunitycallsthem,Theycanmanagetohaveajobinoneplaceandafamilyinanother.

 Withorwithoutpermission，theystraddlelaws，jurisdictionsandidentitieswithease。

WeneedthemtoimaginetheUnitedStatesasaplacewheretheycanbeproductiveforawhilewithoutcommittingthemselvestostayingforever.Weneedthemtofeelthathomecanbebothhereandthereandthattheycanbelongtotwonationshonorably.

 Accommodatingthisnewworldofpeopleinmotionwillrequirenewattitudesonbothsidesoftheimmigrationbattle。

Lookingbeyondtheculturewarlogicofrightorwrongmeansopeningupthemiddlegroundandunderstandingthatmanagingimmigrationtodayrequiresmultiplepathsandmultipleoutcomes。

Includingsomethatarenoteasytoaccomplishlegallyintheexistingsystem。

26“Birdsofpassage"referstothosewho____.

[A］immigrateacrosstheAtlantic

[B］leavetheirhomecountriesforgood

[C］stayinaf