语言学客观自测练习及答案1.docx

语言学客观自测练习及答案1.docx

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语言学客观自测练习及答案1

语言学客观自测练习及答案1

I.Directions：

Readeachofthefollowingstatementscarefully.DecidewhichoneofthefourchoicesbestcompletesthestatementandputtheletterA，B，CorDinthebrackets.（2%X10=20%）

　　1.　Modernlinguisticsdiffersfromtraditionalgrammarforitismostly_________.

　　　　　　　C.subjective　　　D.Latin-based

　　2.　Alinguistregardsthechangesinlanguageandlanguageuseas________.

　　A.abnormal　　　　　　B.somethingtobefeared

　　　　　　　　　D.unnatural

　　3.　Whichofthefollowingsoundsisavoicedaffricate

　　A.[dV]　　B.[tF]　　C.[z]　　　D.[T]

　　4.　Thereare___________morphemesintheword“disabled”

　　A.one　　B.two　　C.three　　D.four

　　5.　InEnglish，“dis-“iscalled________

　　A.afreemorpheme　　　　B.asuffix　

　　C.aninfix　　　　　　D.aprefix

　　6.　BlackEnglishisprobablythemostwidespreadandmostfamiliar____varietyoftheEnglishlanguage.

　　A.regional　　　　B.ethnic　　

　　C.social　　　D.lowerclass

　　7.　Thepairofwords“alive”and“dead”are_____________.

　　A.gradableantonyms　　　　B.complementaryantonyms

　　C.relationalopposites　　　　D.co-hyponyms

　　8.　____belong（s）totheIndo-Europeanlanguagefamily.

　　A.English　　　　B.German　　

　　C.French　　　　　D.Allofthem

　　9.　Thesentence“Kidslikeapples”isa___________.

　　A.　two-placepredication

　　B.　three-placepredication

　　C.　no-placepredication

　　D.　one-placepredication

　　10.　Whatistheconstructionofthesentence：

“Thebabysmiled”

　　A.subordinate　　　　　　B.coordinate

　　C.exocentric　　　　D.endocentric

　　II.Directions：

Fillintheblankineachofthefollowingstatementswithoneword，thefirstletterofwhichisalreadygivenasaclue.NotethatyouaretofillinOnewordonly，andyouarenotallowedtochangethelettergiven.（1%X10=10%）

　　11.　Languageisasystemofa____________vocalsymbolsusedforhumancommunication.

12.　Thelinguisticstudyofmeaninginthecontextofuseiscalledp____________.

　　13.　Thedescriptionofalanguageasitchangesthroughtimeisad___________study.

　　14.　AccordingtotheSwisslinguistF.deSaussure，p___________referstotherealizationoflanguageinactualuse.

　　15.　Thethreebranchesofphoneticsarelabelleda____________phonetics，auditoryphoneticsandacousticphoneticsrespectively.

　　16.　M___________isthesmallestmeaningfulunitoflanguage.

　　17.　S___________isasubfieldoflinguisticsthatstudiesthesentencestructureoflanguage.

　　18.　Theterma________isusedforoppositenessofmeaning.

　　19.　S________isthesubdisciplineoflinguisticsthatstudieslanguageinsocialcontexts.

　　20.　Variationinlanguageuseassociatedwiththesexofindividualspeakersiscalled　　g__________varieties.

　　III.Directions：

Judgewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse.PutaTfortrueorFforfalseinthebracketsinfrontofeachstatement.Ifyouthinkastatementisfalse，youmustexplainwhyyouthinksoandgivethecorrectversion.（2%X10=20%）

　　21.　Competenceandperformancemean，toN.Chomsky，muchthesamething.

　　22.　Thebasicdifferencebetweenavowelandaconsonantisthatinthepronunciationoftheformeritischaracterizedbytheabsenceofobstructionoftheairstreamanditdoesnothaveaplaceofarticulationinthesamesenseasaconsonant.

　　23.　InEnglish，nouns，verbs，prepositionsandadverbsareopenclassessincewecanregularlyaddnewwordstotheseclasses.

　　24.　Sentencesarestringsofwordsputtogetherinarandomorder.

　　25.　Senseandreferencearetwotermsoftenencounteredinthestudyofmeaning.Theyaretworelatedbutdifferentaspectsofmeaning.

　　26.　“Itisraininghard”isaone-placepredicationsentence.

　　27.　Idiolectisthestylisticvariationinaperson’sspeech，orwriting，usuallyrangesonacontinuumfromcasualorcolloquialtoformalorpolite.

　　28.　Bilingualismdescribesasituationinwhichtwoverydifferentvarietiesoflanguageco-existinaspeechcommunity，eachwithadistinctrangeofsocialfunctionandappropriateforcertainsituations.

　　29.　Commissive，atypeofillocutionaryspeechactsbySearle，meansbringingaboutimmediatechangesbysayingsomething.

　　30.　Utterancemeaningisbasedonsentencemeaning；theformerisconcreteandcontext-dependentandthelatterisabstractandde-contextualized.

Referenceanswers

　　I.Directions：

Readeachofthefollowingstatementscarefully.DecidewhichoneofthefourchoicesbestcompletesthestatementandputtheletterA，B，CorDinthebrackets.（2%X10=20%）

　　1.　B　2.C　3.A　4.C　5.D　6.B　7.B　8.D　9.A　10.C

　　II.Directions：

Fillintheblankineachofthefollowingstatementswithoneword，thefirstletterofwhichisalreadygivenasaclue.NotethatyouaretofillinOnewordonly，andyouarenotallowedtochangethelettergiven.（1%X10=10%）

　　11.arbitrary　12.pragmatics　13.diachronic　14.parole　15.articulatory

　　16.Morpheme　17.Syntax　18.Antonymy　19.Sociolinguistics　20.gender

　　III.Directions：

Judgewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse.PutaTfortrueorFforfalseinthebracketsinfrontofeachstatement.Ifyouthinkastatementisfalse，youmustexplainwhyyouthinksoandgivethecorrectversion.（2%X10=20%）

　　21.F　22.T　23.F　24.F　25.T　26.F　27.F　28.F　29.F　30.T

语言学客观自测练习及答案2

发布人：

圣才学习网  发布日期：

2010-08-1610:

20  共99人浏览[大][中][小]

　　I.Directions：

Readeachofthefollowingstatementscarefully.DecidewhichoneofthefourchoicesbestcompletesthestatementandputtheletterA，B，CorDinthebrackets.（2%X10=20%）

　　.deSaussureisa（n）_________linguist.

　　A.American　　　　　　B.Swiss

　　C.British　　　　　　　D.Russian

　　2.Whichofthefollowingsoundsisavoicedbilabialstop

　　A.[p]　　　B.[m]　　C.[b]　　　D.[t]

　　3.Ofthe“words”listedbelow，__________isnotanEnglishword.

　　A.[spriN]　　　　　　B.[lkbi]

　　C.[strikt]　　　　　　D.[5U：

ziz]

　　4.Theaffixeswhichmanifestvariousgrammaticalrelationsorgrammaticalcategoriessuchas“-ing，-est”arecalled__________.

　　A.derivationalaffixes　　　B.freemorphemes

　　C.inflectionalaffixes　　　D.roots

　　5.Thesentencecontainingtwoclausesjoinedbyalinkingwordiscalleda____________sentence.

　　A.coordinate　　　　　B.simple

　　C.subordinate　　　　　D.embedded

　　6.“Wordsarenamesorlabelsforthings.”Thisviewiscalled_________insemantictheory.

　　　A.mentalism　　　　　　B.contextualism

　　C.conceptualism　　　　D.namingtheory

　　7.Thesemanticrelationshipbetweenflowerandroseis_______.

　　　　　　　　B.hyponymy

　　C.co-hyponyms　　　　　　D.superordinate

　　8.Thewordssuchashandbookandhighwayare___________.

　　A.formedbyblending　　　B.coinedbyback-formation

　　C.compoundwords　　　　D.derivations

　　9.X-bartheoryis__________________.

　　A.　　highlyspecificandconcrete，thereforeonlyusefultosolveconcreteproblems

　　B.　　capableofreducingtheredundanciesofindividualphrasalstructurerules

　　C.　　sohighlyabstractthatitcanexplainallthepropertiesofallphrasal　　categories

　　D.　　inefficientincopingwiththelanguagestructuresotherthanthoseofEnglish　

　　10.Thewords“railway”and“railroad”are__________.

　　A.synonymsdifferinginemotivemeaning

　　B.　synonymsdifferinginstyles　

　　C.dialectalsynonyms

　　D.synonymsdifferinginregister

　　II.Directions：

Fillintheblankineachofthefollowingstatementswithoneword，thefirstletterofwhichisalreadygivenasaclue.NotethatyouaretofillinOnewordonly，andyouarenotallowedtochangethelettergiven.（1%X10=10%）

　　11.Apersonwhostudieslinguisticsiscalledal____________.

　　isthelinguisticstudyofhowmorphemesarecombinedtoformwords.

　　13.Inmodernlinguistics，s__________isconsideredprimaryoverwriting.

　　14.Therearetwowaystoclassifyconsonants：

byplaceofarticulationandbym___________ofarticulation.

　　15.S_________isthelinguisticstudyofmeaninginabstraction.

　　16.H___________referstothephenomenonthatwordshavingdifferentmeaningshavethesameform.

　　17.Thestudyoflanguagewithreferencetotheworkingsofthemindiscalledp________.

　　18.Vowelscanbeclassifiedbythepositionofthetongue，opennessofthemouthandl_________ofthesound.

　　19.ThenotionoflinguisticdeterminismandlinguisticrelativismiscalledtheS_________hypothesis.

　　20.Ane___________isamild，indirectorlessoffensivewordorexpressionsubstitutedwhenthespeakerorwriterfearsmoredirectwordingmightbeharshorunpleasant.

　　III.Directions：

Judgewhethereachofthefollowingstatementsistrueorfalse.PutaTfortrueorFforfalseinthebracketsinfrontofeachstatement.Ifyouthinkastatementisfalse，youmustexplainwhyyouthinksoandgivethecorrectversion.（2%X10=20%）

　　21.Englishlanguageisatonelanguage.

　　22.Alinguistictabooreferstoawordorexpressionthatisprohibitedbythepolitesocietyfromgeneralusesuchasobscene，profaneandswearwords.

　　23.Chineseisthoughttobethefirstlanguagebymostlinguists.

　　24.Phonologyisabranchoflinguisticswhichstudiesthesentencepatternsofalanguage.

　　25.Idiolectisapersonaldialectofanindividualspeakerthatcombinesaspectsofalltheelementsregardingregional，socialandstylisticvariation.

　　26.ItisgenerallyacceptedthatthehistoryoftheEnglishlanguageisdividedintotheperiodsofoldEnglishandmodernEnglish.

　　27.AlocutionaryactofSpeechActTheoryistheactperformedbyorresultingfromsayingsomething.

　　28.Accordingtopredicationanalysis，inthesentence“Themanbeatthedog.”，theword“beat”iscalledpredicate，andthewords“man”and“dog”arecalledarguments.

　　29.[f]isadentalconsonant.

　　30.Thetranscriptionof