备战高考英语一轮单元训练金卷第八套英语4Units12B卷含答案.docx

备战高考英语一轮单元训练金卷第八套英语4Units12B卷含答案.docx

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备战高考英语一轮单元训练金卷第八套英语4Units12B卷含答案

单元训练金卷·高三·英语卷（B）

英语4Units1-2

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第Ⅰ卷

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）略

第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项。

A

Afreshlybakedrollisasdelightfulasasoft,lightcloudonasummer’sday.Whatgivesbreadmuchofitsappealingtextureisgluten（麸质）,agroupofproteinsfoundinwheat.Butinpeoplewithceliacdisease（乳糜泻）,glutendamagesthesmallintestine（肠）.Manyothersmayhavemilderglutenintoleranceandavoidfoodsthatcontainit.

Mostgluten-freebreadismadefromalternativeflourssuchasriceorpotato,soittastesandfeelsdifferentfromwheatbread.Now,however,researcherssaythattheyhavefoundawaytogeneticallyengineerwheatthatcontainsfarlessofthemosttroublesometypeofgluten—butstillhasotherproteinsthatgivebreaditscharacteristictasteandspringiness.

Geneticallymodifiedcropsarethesubjectoffiercedebatearoundtheworld.ThebiggestconcerninvolvesthepracticeofinsertingDNAfromonespeciesintoanother,saysFranciscoBarro,aplantbiotechnologist.Toavoidthisgeneticcrossover,Barroandhiscolleaguesusedthegene-editingtechniqueCRISPR／Cas9tocutselectedgenesfromawheatgenome（基因组）.

Theirstudyzeroedinonalpha-gliadins（α-胶质蛋白）,glutenproteinsbelievedtobewheat’smajortroublemakersintheimmunesystem.Theresearchersdesignedbitsofgeneticmaterialthatdirectedthescissor-likeCas9proteintocutout35ofthe45alpha-gliadingenes.WhenthemodifiedwheatwastestedinaPetridish,itproducedan85percentweakerimmuneresponse,theteamreportedonlinelastSeptemberinPlantBiotechnologyJournal.

WendyHarwood,acropgeneticistattheJohnInnesCenterinEngland,whowasnotpartofthestudy,notesthattheengineeredwheathasalongwaytogobeforeitcanbeturnedintoanythingmarketable.“Idon’tthinkit’stheendofthestory.”shesays.“Thisisjustareallyimportantstepinmaybeproducingsomethingthatisgoingtobeincrediblyuseful.”Todevelopacompletelysafestrainofwheatforceliacpatients，theresearchersmayneedtotargetmoreoftheglutengenes.Barrosayshisteamisworkingonthat.

21.What’sthetextmainlyabout?

A.Makinggluten-freebread.

B.Advantagesofgluten-freewheat.

C.Debateaboutgeneticallymodifiedcrops.

D.Developinggeneticallyengineeredwheat.

22.Whyisbreadmentionedinparagraph1?

A.Toadvertiseanewstudy.

B.Toraisethetopictobewrittenabout.

C.Toprovidesomeadviceforthereaders.

D.Topopularizesomeinformationaboutmedicine.

23.Whatconcernspeoplemostaccordingtoparagraph3?

A.Geneticcrossover.B.Gene-editingtechnique.

C.ThepracticeofusingDNA.D.Thesubjectoffiercedebate.

24.What’sWendyHarwood’sattitudetowardsengineeredwheat?

A.Alittlealarmed.B.Mildlysurprised.

C.Somewhatopposed.D.Cautiouslyoptimistic.

B

BritishWomenWritersindifferentperiodsoftime

TheEnglishRenaissance

TheEnglishRenaissancebeganinthelaterpartofthefifteenthcenturyandlasteduntilthe1660s.AmongthemostfamouswomenwritersofthisperiodisAphraBehn,whoisseenasthefirstprofessionalwomanwriterinEnglish.AphraBehn’sworksincludealsotheplaysTheAmourousPrince,TheTownFop,TheDutchLoverandheronlytragedy,Abdelazer.

Theneoclassicalperiod

Amongthewell-knownwomeninBritishliteratureduringtheneoclassicalperiod,from1660totheendoftheeighteenthcentury,isAnneFinch.Shewrotepoetryandtriedtoexpressallthatshesawandexperienced.AnotherwomanwasrecognizedforhercontributiontoneoclassicalBritishliterature:

MaryAstell.MaryAstellwasaphilosopherandafeministwriter.Sheisbestknownnowforhertheoriesontheeducationofwomen.

TheRomanticperiod

JaneAustenisoneofthemostfamouswomenwritersthatworkedduringtheRomanticperiod（1798-1832）.Herworksincludeseveralnovels,mostofwhichfocusonmarriageasawayforyoungwomentosecuresocialstandingandeconomicsecurity.HermostfamousnovelsarePrideandPrejudice,SenseandSensibilityandEmma.

TheVictorianperiod

TheVictorianperiod,betweenthe1830sand1900,wasthetimewhentheBrontesisters,GeorgeEliotandElizabethGaskelllivedandwrote.CharlotteBronte,EmilyBronteandAnneBronteproducedmanyBritishliteraryclassics.MaryAnneEvansadoptedthemalepennameGeorgeasshewantedtosetherselfapartfromthefemininegenre（女性主义流派）ofcookbooksanddomesticmoraltales.HermostfamousnovelisTheMillontheFlosspublishedin1860.

25.Accordingtothepassage,AphraBehnwasfamousfor________.

A.novelsB.poetryC.playsD.cookbooks

26.Accordingtothepassage,whydidMaryAnneEvanspublishherstoriesunderthenameofGeorgeEliot?

A.Womenwereforbiddentowritenovelsthen.B.Herworkswouldbedifferent.

C.Ithelpedpromoteherworks.D.Itsoundedmorepopular.

27.Ifareaderisinterestedinwomen’seducation,whoseworkscanbethebestchoice?

A.AnneFinch’s.B.MaryAstell’s.

C.MaryWortleyMontagu’s.D.MaryShelley’s.

C

Regardlessofhowfarwe’dliketobelievegender（性别）equalityintheworkplacehascome,there’sstillayawninggapbetweenmaleandfemaleleadersintheprofessionalworld.A2018statisticshowsthatwomennowadaysholdjust5.8percentofCEOspositionsatS&P500companies,accordingtoCatalyst.

Whileit’snotahugeshockthatwomenaresomewhatunderrepresentedinleadershippositions,whatissurprisingthough,isthefactthatfemalesmayactuallybebettersuitedtoleadinalmosteveryarea,atleastaccordingtonewfindingsfromtheBINorwegianBusinessSchool.

Intheirresearch,ProfessorOyvindL.MartinsenandProfessorLarsGlassurveyed（调查）2,900managerswithaspecialfocusonpersonalitytypes.Theresultswereclear:

Womenscoredhigherthanmeninfourofthefivemajorleadership-centriccategories.

Whilesomepeoplebelievethatmen inherently makebetterleaders—probablybecausetheypicturealeaderwithacommandingvoice,whichismoretypicalofmenthanwomen—thispieceofresearchsuggeststhatwomenarebetteratmethodicalmanagementandgoal-setting,openness,sociabilityandsupportiveness,aswellasabilitytocommunicateclearly.

Therewasoneareainwhichmenscoredhigherthanwomen,though,andthatwasonemotionalstabilityandabilitytofacejob-relatedpressureandstress.Theresultssuggestthatwomenaremoresensitivetotheeffectsofhigh-pressureorhighlyemotionalsituations.

Obviously,it’simportanttoconsiderindividual（个人的）differences.Anyone,regardlessofgender,maybeaninspiringleaderandacompetentboss.Butnexttimeyou’rehiringforamanagementposition,youjustmightwanttogivetheresumes（简历）fromfemalecandidatesaharderlook.

28.Whatmakesusshockedmuchatleadershippositions?

A.Womenareworsethanmen.

B.Mentakealmostallhighpositions.

C.Thereisahugegapbetweengenders.

D.Womenmightbehavebetterinnearlyeveryfield.

29.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedword“inherently”inParagraph4?

A.properlyB.potentially

C.naturallyD.normally

30.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleofthistext?

A.HowWeCanFigureOutTheBoss

B.WhyWomenAreBetterThanMen

C.WhyWomenMakeTheBestBosses

D.HowWeCanTellGenderDifference

31.Whomighthavespecialinterestinthisarticle?

A.Jobhunters.B.Employers.

C.Employees.D.Malebosses.

D

UniversityofNewSouthWaleshaslauncheditsnew12-monthWomeninMaths&ScienceChampionsProgramdesignedtogivewomentheskillsandconfidencetobuildtheirpublicrecognitionandsetupaconnectednetworkofwomeninmathsandscience.Thefirstgroupof30femalePhDstudentsstartedinAugustthisyear,andthesecondgroupof19early-careerresearcherswasformallyannouncedyesterday.

Overthe12months,thechampionscompleteatleast20hoursofrelatedactivitiesaspartofacommunityofrepresentativeswhowillinfluenceandinspirewomentopursueacareerinmathsandscience.Theactivitiesarevaried,rangingfromvisitingschoolsandconductingsciencepresentations,toattendingconferencesandcreatingcontentforsocialmedia.Attheendoftheprogram,PhDchampionshavethechancetoapplyeverythingthey’velearnedtothePostgraduateResearchCompetition.Aboveall,participatingisarequirementforprogramcompletion.

RoseO’Dea,amemberofthefirstgroup,isaPhDcandidateattheSchoolofBiological,EarthandEnvironmentalSciences.Shesaid,“I’mexcitedabouttheopportunitytoworkwithschoolchildren.Ihopetoinspiresomegirlssotheyseenotallscientistsareoldermeninlabcoalsandthatscienceisquitediverseandmeansdifferentthingsdependingonwhoyouare.”

Dr.MarianaMayerPintoisanearly-careerresearcherattheSchoolofBiological,EarthandEnvironmentalSciences,whereshemainlyworkswithmarine（海洋的）ecologists.SheisoriginallyfromBrazilandsaidthatbeingawomanfromadevelopingcountrymeantsheknewthestrugglesthatlackofrolemodelscancreate.“Youcan’tbewhatyoucan’tsee!

IalwayshavethehopethatIcanchangetheworldbitbybit,andifonelittlegirlsaysshecanbecomeascientistbecauseItalkedtothem,that’dbeawesome,andthatwouldmakeeverythingworthit.”

32.Whatistheprogramintendedtodo?

A.TestfemalePhD’slearningresults.

B.Promotetheequalityofmenandwomen.

C.Setupanorganizationforwomenscientist