中考英语动词专项讲解与练习+常见动词短语导学案.docx

中考英语动词专项讲解与练习+常见动词短语导学案.docx

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中考英语动词专项讲解与练习+常见动词短语导学案

中考英语动词专项讲解与练习+常见动词短语导学案

动词

一、动词的种类：

四种

（一）行为动词（如playstudyrun）有具体动作意义

（二）连系动词（如isamaregetfeelkeepstay）等，

后+形容词作表语

（三）情态动词（如canmaymustshouldwould）等，表示禁止、命令、请求等意义，+动词原形

（四）助动词（如be+v–ing中的be；Doyou….?

中的do；Hedoesn’tlike.中的doesn’t;Didyouhave….?

中的did）只起语法作用，无意义，不必翻译

二、动词的形式：

（一）动词原形如playstudyrun

（二）动词过去式如playedstudiedran

（三）动词三单形式如playsstudiesruns

（四）动词ing形式（也叫动名词或现在分词）如playingstudyingrunning

（五）动词不定式（即to+动词原形）如toplaytostudytorun

三、选择动词正确形式的方法

（一）主语后需填动词时，注意动词的时态，主要从该句中的时间状语来判断，有时也要从上下语境来判断。

如I（like）comedies,butIdon’tlikethrillers从后句Idon’tlike可判断前句是一般现在时，所以根据主语I填入like的原形

注意常见的时态有：

1、一般现在时，常与often;always.onceaweekeveryday等词或短语连用

2、现在进行时，主语+be+v-ing形式，常与look,listen,overtherenow祈使句等连用

3、一般将来时用现在进行时来表示即主语+be+ving形式，常与nextSundaytomorrowforvacation等词连用

4.一般过去时常与yesterdaylastyear，longbefore等词连用

根据上面提示，完成下列句子

1LilaisanEnglishgirl,butshe______（like）BeijingOpera

2.Look!

Thestudents________（play）basketballoverthere.

3What________they______（do）fortheirvacation?

4How____（be）theweatherinShanghai?

Itwasrainy

5_______you______（go）fishingwithZhanghua?

Yes,Idid.

6.Areyou______（feel）well?

No,Doctor.

（二）如果主语后谓语不缺少，则考虑特殊动词后的用法。

下面我们来介绍接todo,doing和do原形的特殊动词，动词短语和句型

（1）接todo形式的动词有：

1wanttodosth.想要做某事`````wantsb.todosth.想让某人做某事``````

2helpsb.（to）dosth.帮助某人做某事````3needtodosth.需要做``````4plantodosth.计划做5hopetodosth.希望做````6trytodosth..尽量做```````

`7decidetodosth.决定做```````8It’stime（forsb.）todosth.（该某人）做````的时间9I’msorrytohearthat+句子听到`````很难过10havetodosth.必须做`````11wouldliketodosth.=wanttodosth.想要做```````

12forgettodosth.忘记做``````13remembertodosth.记住要去做（区别rememberdoing）``````

14asksb.todosth.请求/要求某人做``````15It’skindofyoutodosth谢谢你做`````

16Ittakessb.（宾语）一段时间todosth.花费某人一段时间做``````

17It’s+形容词+（forsb.）+todosth.（对于某人而言）做`````很`````

完成下面练习

1Whatdoeshewant_____（be）?

Anurse2Hey,Tom.It’stime______（take）walks.

3Isiteasy____（keep）abalanceofyinandyang?

4Wheredoyouplan____（spend）yourvacation?

5You.’reoftenlateforschool.Canyoutry_____（get）toschoolearly?

6Letmehelpyou_____--（find）yourwatch.7Whatwouldyoulike______（eat）?

Noodles.

8Beijingisagoodplace______（have）fun.

9Iamsothirsty,couldyougivemesomething_____（drink）?

10Weneedto

havehealthyfood_______（keep）healthy（动词不定式作目的状语为了`````）.

（2）后接doing形式的有：

1.enjoydoingsth.喜欢做`````/享受做```的乐趣2.finishdoingsth.完成做``````

3.stopdoingsth停止做`````4.practicedoingsth练习做``````.

5.sb.+spendstime（in）doingsth.某人花费时间做``````

6.havefundoingsth.做````很有趣7.bebusydoingsth.忙于做``````

8.begoodatdoingsth.=dowellindoingsth..擅长于做```````

9.thanksfordoingsth.谢谢你做`````10.keepdoingsth.坚持做````

11.Howaboutdoingsth.?

=Whataboutdoingsth.?

````怎么样（用来提建议）?

完成下面的练习

1Theyallenjoyed_______（camp）yesterday.2Pleasefinish_______（make）cakes!

3Don’tstop______（practice）theEnglishconversations.

4Youshouldpractice_______（swim）alotifyouwanttostayhealthy.

5Thailandisabeautifulcountry.Howabout_______（go）thereand_____（visit）it?

.

6Wereyouoftenbusy______（surf）theInternetlastyear?

YesIwas

7DidMaryhavefun_______（hike）inthemountainslastFriday?

8Theyaregoodat______（speak）Japanese.9.Tina,Thanksfor_______（help）me

★★★表示做某事是一种习惯，爱好时也可用v–ing形式，或作句子的主语如：

Eatingtoomuchisbadforyourhealth.或作句子的表语如：

Myhobbyisplayingbasketball

★★★在某些固定短语中也用v–ing形式如：

dosomereading/cleaning/washing/shopping…..还有goshopping/swimming/hiking/bikeriding/sightseeing/fishing/boating/camping./skateboarding/skiing（滑雪）….

（3）既可接v-ing形式，还可接to形式，且意义相同的动词有likedoing=liketodo,startdoing=starttodo;begintodo=begindoingremember/forget/stop

（4）后接动词原形有:

1使役动词如：

makelet等词后，它们的意义为使，叫，让

2情态动词如：

can,could,may,must,would,should等词后

3祈使句中，如：

-Jane,_______（come）here,please.-OK,Mary

Don’t________（forget）tocloseyourdoor.

★★★祈使句的否定形式有两种表示方法如：

Don’tsmokehere=Nosmokinghere但是第二种形式多用于公共场合

4Let’s+v原形（用来提建议）

5Whynot+v原形？

（用来提建议）=Whydon’tyou+v原形？

完成下列句子

1Icould______（read）abookwhenIwas4yearsold.

2Canyouplease________（write）tomesoon?

3Youshould_______（lie）downandrestwhenyouarestressedout.

4Thesadmoviemadeeveryone_______（cry）

5Thatmakesme________（feel）happy.

动词专项练习

（）1.--HowlongmayI______yourbook?

--Foraweek.Butyoumusn’t______ittoothers.

A.borrow;lendB.keep;lendC.lend;borrowD.keep;borrow

（）2.Itwon’t______themmuchtimetoflytoBeijingfromShanghai.

A.spendB.useC.takeD.pay

（）3.MrWang______beinNanjingnow,hewenttoBeijingonlythismorning.

A.mustn’tbeB.maynotC.can’tD.needn’t

（）4.–DoyoulikethemusictheMoonlightSonata?

--Yes,it______reallybeautiful.

A.FeelsB.soundsC.listensD.hears

（）5.Lilyfinished_______thebookyesterday.A.readB.readingC.toreadD.reads

（）6.MrsBrownisn’there.Shehasto______herbabyathome.

A.lookatB.lookforC.looklikeD.lookafter

（）7.Ihavetogonow.pleaserememberto_______thelightswhenyouleave.

A.turnoffB.turndownC.turnupD.turnon

（）8.Susan’sparentshaveboughtalargehousewithaswimmingpool.It_______beveryexpensive.

A.mustB.canC.mustn’tD.can’t

（）9.–It’stoohot.Wouldyoumind_______thedoor?

--_______.Pleasedoitnow.

A.toopen;OKB.opening;Certainlynot

C.opening;OfcourseD.toopen;Goodidea

（）10.Iwantto_______thisbookforamonth.

A.borrowB.keepC.lendD.get

（）11.–Howmanytimes_______you_______toBeijingthisyear?

--Threetimes.

A.have;beenB.had;beenC.have;goneD.had;gone

（）12.Whatanicebag!

Butshe_______onlythirtydollarsforit.

A.costB.tookC.spendD.paid

（）13.Cotton_______niceandsoft.

A.isfeltB.isfeelingC.feelD.feels

（）14.Ithinkthisisthebestwaytosolvetheproblem.Doyou_______me?

A.playwithB.hearofC.agreewith

D.getonwellwith

（）15.–Guesswhoiscomingtosupper.–Idon’tknow._______me.

A.SpeakB.SayC.TellD.Talk

（）16.Please_______yourphonesherewithyoutomorrow.

A.takeB.bringC.carryD.lift

（）17.Don’t_______yourlessons.We’llhelpyou.

A.worryB.worriedaboutC.beworriedaboutD.beafraid

（）18.Thewindowisbroken.Tryto_______whobrokeit.

A.findoutB.findC.lookD.lookfor

（）19.Hecould_______neitherFrenchnorGerman.SoI______withhiminEnglish.

A.speak;talkedB.talk;toldC.say;spokeD.tell;talked

（）20.Theticketisonthefloor.Wouldyouplease_______forme?

A.pickitupB.pickupitC.pickupthemD.pickthemup

（）21.Ifyoudon’tknowaword,youmust_______thewordinadictionary.

A.lookupB.lookdownC.lookoverD.lookout

（）22.It’stimeforclass.We’dbetter_______.

A.stoptotalkB.tostoptotalkC.stoptalkingD.tostoptalking

（）23.Therewasastrangesoundoutside.Marywentoutand_______around,butshe_______nothing.

A.looked;sawB.saw;sawC.watched;lookedD.looked;find

（）24.Thewoman_______thechildquicklyandtookhimtohospital.

A.putonB.dressedC.hadonD.waswearing

（）25.–Oh,youpaintedthewallsyourself?

--Yes.Itwasnothard.Thewholeworkdidn’t_______much.

A.wantB.costC.spendD.pay

（）26.--_______allyourthings,Tom!

Ihatethemhereandthere.–OK,Mum.A.PutupB.PutonC.PutdownD.Putaway

（）27.Yukiloveswearingstrangehatsbecauseshewantspeopleto_______her.A.believeB.controlC.noticeD.visit

（）28._______!

It’sthemusicofMozart.Bequiet.A.HearB.SoundC.SingD.Listen

（）29.–Theroomissodirty._______wecleanit?

--Ofcourse.A.WillB.WouldC.Do

D.Shall

（）30.Wemustdosomethingtostoppeoplefrom_______.

A.tothrowlitteraboutB.tothrowlitterintoC.throwinglitteraboutD.throwinglitterinto

情态动词专项练习

Exercise1:

Circlethebestanswer.

1.Look!

Thelightisoutinherroom.She____tobedalready.

a.mustgob.hadtogoc.musthavegoned.hasgone

2.OurChineseteacherissixty-six.Oh,no.She_____oversixty,Ithink.

a.isb.mustn'tbec.can'tbed.shouldn'tbe

3.Theyhurriedsothatthey_____notmisstheetrain.

a.mightb.shouldc.oughtd.could

4.I_____gohomeabitlatertonightthancomeagaintomorrow.

a.wouldratherb.hadtoc.hadbetterd.must

5.Let'shurryorwe'llbelate.Idon'tthinkwe______togorightnow,it'sonlyeight.

a.oughtb.havec.needd.should

6.You_____smokemore.Itwillmakeyousick.

a.shouldn’tb.can'tc.don'thaved.wouldn't

7.Wehadawonderfultimeyesterday.You______.Whydidn'tyoucome?

a.hadtocomeb.shouldhavecomec.mighthavecomed.musthavecome

8.I______leavehomealoneatnightwithoutpermission.

a.don’tdareb.daren'tc.haven'ttod.daren'tto

9.This_____Bill'shouse.It'snumber101.Oh,Idon'tthinkso.Hesaidalargewhitehousebutthisis

asmallyellowone.

a.canbeb.mustbec.maybed.maybe

10.Studentsshouldn'tforgettostudy.They_____todotheirhomeworkeveryday.

a.oughtb.shouldc.mustd.might

Exercise2:

Circletheletter

ofthebestanswer.

1.Whydidyouanswerso?

You_____meyouweren'tcomingtodinner.Iwaitedforyoufortwohours.

a.shouldtellb.shouldhavetoldc.shouldtoldd.shouldhadtold

2.Whyd

idn'tyoucometoyogaclasseslastnight?

BecauseI_____formysisteruntil9:

30.

a.musthavebabysatb.hadtobabysitc.mustba