路桥计量工程师岗前培训资料.doc

路桥计量工程师岗前培训资料.doc

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武汉交通职业学院交通工程系

路桥计量工程师岗前培训资料

前言

我们知道，公路工程项目管理的主要内容是由“三控制、两管理、一协调”组成的，展开来讲也就是指质量控制、进度控制、费用控制（三控制），合同管理、安全管理（两管理）和组织协调（一协调）。

其中“费用控制”的实质内容就是施工阶段的工程造价管理。

广义上的工程造价管理包括两大内容，一是政策及法规的制定、相关管理机构及制度的建设、服务机构及从业人员的管理，也叫宏观管理；一是对建设项目所需要的全部建设费用的估算、设计概算、施工图预算、工程结算、竣工决算的全过程动态的定价及控制管理，也叫微观管理。

微观上的工程造价管理按项目的实施过程又划分为以下几个阶段：

1、项目决策阶段（投资估算）；2、项目设计阶段（初步概算、修正概算、施工图预算）；3、项目招投标阶段（编制标书，确定合同价）；4、项目施工阶段（施工结算、竣工决算）。

以上各个阶段中项目设计阶段的工程造价管理是造价动态控制管理中最重要的阶段，它对整个建设项目的工程造价影响占了绝大部分。

项目施工阶段的工程造价管理是指以合同价为基础，考虑无法预计的而在施工过程中实际发生的工程变更费用，以及合同期间物价涨落引起的工程造价变化（材料价差）等因素，合理确定工程结算价的过程。

它的主要工作内容包括工程变更、中间结算及最后的竣工结算。

随着工程建设行业的发展，各施工企业的综合实力由过去的现场施工能力（工人经验、设备优劣等）逐渐体现在项目管理水平上。

施工阶段的工程造价管理是项目管理的重要部分，它是实现施工单位经营目标的关键手段。

其管理水平不但体现了一个项目的整体施工管理水平，同时也体现了各施工企业之间的竞争力水平。

施工阶段工程造价管理实际上是对组成一个项目合同的合同条款、工程量清单、图纸、技术规范等文件进行工程造价上的管理，而一个项目合同组成文件的内容和要求也往往决定了施工阶段工程造价管理的工作方向和工作目标。

二者之间是紧密联系，相辅相成的。

因此，结合项目合同组成文件如何对施工阶段的工程造价进行管理是本次培训与大家共同学习的主要内容。

通过学习，并结合实际，力求使大家对施工阶段的工程造价管理有所了解，并掌握工程变更、中间结算（以下称为计量支付）以及竣工结算的工作程序、工作方法和工作重点。

由于个人经验和水平有限，本资料不足之处，请不吝批评指正。

交通工程系陈宏伟

2010年3月25日

目录

前言················································································································1

第一章合同文件································································································4

一合同条款································································································6

二技术规范································································································6

三设计施工图纸························································································7

四工程量清单····························································································7

小结··········································································································8

第二章计量支付································································································9

一工程计量支付的依据和原则································································9

二工程计量支付的主要内容····································································11

三工程计量支付的程序和方法································································12

四计量支付说明及计量规则····································································17

100章总则·····························································································17

200章路基·····························································································19

300章路面·····························································································26

400章桥梁、涵洞·················································································29

500章隧道·····························································································35

五台帐····································································································39

小结··········································································································40

第三章工程变更································································································41

一工程变更的依据和内容········································································41

二工程变更的各类····················································································43

三工程变更的办理程序············································································43

四工程变更办理需注意的问题································································45

小结··········································································································46

第四章竣工文件································································································47

一竣工图及施工文件材料········································································47

二竣工结算································································································48

（一）工程竣工结算的条件············································································48

（二）竣工结算的资料编制············································································49

（三）竣工结算的审批····················································································49

（四）竣工结算应做好以下工作····································································50

小结··········································································································52

第五章市政工程施工造价管理········································································53

一执行规范和标准····················································································53

二合同价款约定及合同模式····································································54

三工程量清单····························································································56

四中间结算································································································57

五