SCI科技论文写作常用句型大全.docx
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SCI科技论文写作常用句型大全
一.好的论文题目是成功的一半
好的论文,每一个部分都需要精雕细琢。
我们先来看看Science,Nature子刊上用的都是些什么题目,到底这些题目暗含哪些玄机?
以下是从2016年发表的论文中随机挑选的一些题目,我将其做了一下简单的分类:
1.Watersplitting–biosyntheticsystemwithCO2 reductionefficiencies exceeding photosynthesis.(Science,2016,352,1210)
类似:
Scalablewatersplittingonparticulatephotocatalystsheetswithasolar-to-hydrogenenergyconversionefficiency exceeding 1% (NatureMaterials2016,15,611-615)
这种题目适合哪类文章?
适合于那种性能极其显著的文章(可以创纪录的文章),比如说Noceraetal.的 Science,2016,352,1210,直接与光合作用进行对比,给人的震撼是非常强的。
这种对比效果能够一下子抓住人们的眼球,吸引着读者进行阅读。
要点:
使用这样的题目首先你的实验结果得够牛,你对于实验结果要足够自信,对于背景知识的了解得要足够深。
因为取这样的题目意味着你要真正达到了某一个高度。
如果明明有很多大海在那里,你个小池塘和小水坑进行比较,那么会闹笑话的。
。
。
2.1Quantifying thepromotionofCucatalystsbyZnOformethanolsynthesis( Science,2016,352,969-974.)
2.2 Exploring theoriginofhighopticalabsorptioninconjugatedpolymers.(NatureMaterials2016, DOI:
10.1038/nmat4645 )
2.3Promoting solutionphasedischargeinLi–O2batteriescontainingweaklysolvatingelectrolyte solutions(NatureMaterials2016,DOI:
10.1038/nmat4629)
2.4Reconstructing solute-inducedphasetransformationswithinindividualnanocrystals(NatureMaterials2016, doi:
10.1038/nmat4620)
2.5Tailoring thenatureandstrengthofelectron–phononinteractionsintheSrTiO3(001)2Delectron liquid(NatureMaterial,2016,doi:
10.1038/nmat4623)
我简单地检索了下NatureMaterials上面的文章题目,发现这种类型的题目真的非常多。
那么为什么大家非常青睐这种形式呢?
这种形式到底有什么好处?
我个人也很喜欢这种样子的题目,当然一定要跟论文的实际情况吻合哈,不要强凑。
这种动名词形式的结构最大的优点是主观能动性很强。
给人的一种感觉是:
你在设计整个实验,而不是碰巧发现了某个现象。
科研需要偶然现象,但是理性地科学研究追求一切能够有据可循,能够主动地把握而不是被动接受奇迹的降临。
3.1 Surfacefunctionalization oftwo-dimensionalmetalchalcogenides byLewisacid–basechemistry(NatureNanotechnology2016,11,465–471)
3.2 Protontransferdynamicscontrol themechanism ofO2 reduction byanon-preciousmetal electrocatalyst (NatureMaterials,2016, doi:
10.1038/nmat4636)
3.3Femtosecond controlof electriccurrents in metallicferromagneticheterostructures(NatureNanotechnology2016,11,455–458)
3.4 Improvedairstabilityofperovskitesolarcellsviasolution-processedmetaloxidetransportlayers(NatureNanotechnology,2016,11,75–81)
这种类型的题目非常的好懂,重点非常突出,给人一种开门见山的感觉,在很多论文中非常恰当。
以3.1为例,两个重点非常明确:
1.实现的目标是什么?
Surfacefunctionalizationof 2.实现的方法是什么?
Lewisacid-basechemistry.
4.1Insitu hydrodynamicspectroscopy forstructurecharacterizationofporousenergystorage electrodes(NatureMaterials,2016,15,570–575)
4.2 Kineticsoftheself-assemblyofnanocrystalsuperlatticesmeasuredby real-time insitu X-ray scattering (NatureMaterials,2016,doi:
10.1038/nmat4600)
4.3Insitu mapping oftheenergyflowthroughtheentirephotosyntheticapparatus(NatureNanotechnology,2016, doi:
10.1038/nchem.2525)
4.4Optimizedquantumsensingwithasingleelectronspinusing real-timeadaptivemeasurements (NatureNanotechnology,2016,11,247–252)
有些文章,一幅图就值了一篇Science。
有些表征手段或者研究方法生来就是让人膜拜的,特别是一些原位的表征手段,能够直观地告诉人们以前得不到的一些信息。
在这种情况下,用它来做个题目一点都不过分吧。
最后对以上几类标题的共性做一下简单的总结:
1) 好的论文题目往往都能够紧贴文章内容,并将其核心亮点突显出来;2)标题中的字真的是一字千金,废话不要有,一定要简洁明了;3)用词要准确,尽量采用中性词,不要带主观色彩,不要扣大帽子引起审稿人反感,但是又要合适地体现亮点,好的论文题目要学会不卑不亢。
二.正文中各种常用句型汇总
一、在Introduction里面经常会使用到的一个句子:
很多文献已经讨论过了。
。
。
它的可能的说法有很多很多,这里列举几种我很久以前搜集的:
A. Solarenergyconversionbyphotoelectrochemicalcells hasbeenintensivelyinvestigated. (Nature1991,353,737-740 )
B. Thiswasdemonstratedinanumberofstudiesthatshowedthatcompositeplasmonic-metal/semiconductorphotocatalystsachievedsignificantlyhigherratesinvariousphotocatalyticreactionscomparedwiththeirpuresemiconductorcounterparts.
C. Severalexcellentreviewsdescribing theseapplicationsareavailable,andwedonotdiscussthesetopics
D. Muchworksofarhasfocusedon widebandgapsemiconductorsforwatersplittingforthesakeofchemicalstability.(DOI:
10.1038/NMAT3151)
E. RecentdevelopmentsofLewisacidsandwater-solubleorganometalliccatalysts haveattractedmuchattention.(Chem.Rev.2002,102,3641−3666)
F. Aninterestingapproach intheuseofzeoliteasawater-tolerantsolidacid wasdescribedby Ogawaetal(Chem.Rev.2002,102,3641−3666)
G. Considerableresearcheffortshavebeendevotedtothedirecttransitionmetal-catalyzedconversionofarylhalidestoarylnitriles.(J.Org.Chem.2000,65,7984-7989)
H. Therearemanyexcellentreviewsintheliteraturedealingwiththebasicconceptsof thephotocatalyticprocessandthereaderisreferredinparticulartothosebyHoffmannandcoworkers,Millsandcoworkers,andKamat.(Metaloxidecatalysis,19,P755)
I.NishimiyaandTsutsumi havereportedon(proposed)theinfluenceoftheSi/Alratioofvariouszeolitesontheacidstrength,whichwereestimatedbycalorimetryusingammonia.(Chem.Rev.2002,102,3641−3666)
二、在resultsanddiscussion中经常会用到的:
如图所示
A.GIXRDpatternsin Figure1Ashow thebulkstructuralinformationonas-depositedfilms.
B. AsshowninFigure7B, thesteady-statecurrentdensitydecreasesaftercyclingbetween0.35and0.7V,whichisprobablyduetothedissolutionofFeOx. C. Ascanbeseenfrom partsaandbofFigure7,thereactioncyclesstartwiththethermodynamicallymostfavorableVOxstructures(J.Phys.Chem.C2014,118,24950−24958)
这与XX能够相互印证:
A. Thisissupportedby theappearanceintheNi-dopedcompoundsofanultraviolet–visibleabsorptionbandat420–520nm(seeFig.3inset),correspondingtoanenergyrangeofabout2.9to2.3eV.
B. This isconsistentwiththeobservationfrom SEM–EDS.(Z.Zouetal./ChemicalPhysicsLetters332(2000)271–277)
C. Thisindicatesagoodagreementbetween theobservedandcalculatedintensitiesinmonoclinicwithspacegroupP2/cwhentheOatomsareincludedinthemodel.
D.Theresults areingoodconsistentwith theobservedphotocatalyticactivity...
E.Identicalconclusionswereobtainedinstudies wheretheSPRintensityandwavelengthweremodulatedbymanipulatingthecomposition,shape,orsizeofplasmonicnanostructures.
F. Itwasalsofoundthatareasofpersistentdivergentsurfaceflow coincide with regionswhereconvectionappearstobeconsistentlysuppressedevenwhenSSTsareabove27.5°C.
三.值得注意的是...
A. Itmustalsobementionedthat therecyclingofaqueousorganicsolventislessdesirablethanthatofpureorganicliquid.
B. Anotherinterestingfindingisthat zeoliteswith10-memberedringporesshowedhighselectivities(>99%)tocyclohexanol,whereasthosewith12-memberedringpores,suchasmordenite,producedlargeamountsofdicyclohexylether.(Chem.Rev.2002,102,3641−3666)
C. Itshouldbepointedoutthat thenanometer-scaledistributionofelectrocatalystcentersontheelectrodesurfaceisalsoapredominantfactorforhighORRelectrocatalyticactivity.
D. Notably, theRuIIandRhIcomplexespossessingthesameBINAPchiralityformantipodalaminoacidsasthepredominantproducts. (Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.,2002,41:
2008–2022)
E.Giventhemultitudeofvarioustransformationspublished, itisnoteworthythat onlyveryfewdistinct activation methodshavebeenidentified. (Chem.Soc.Rev.,2009, 38,2178-2189)
F.Itisimportanttohighlightthat thesetwodirectingeffectswillleadtodifferentenantiomersoftheproductsevenifboththe“H-bond-catalyst”andthe catalyst actingbystericshieldinghavethesameabsolutestereochemistry.(Chem.Soc.Rev.,2009, 38,2178-2189)
G.Itisworthwhilementioningthat thesePPNDscanbeverystableforseveralmonthswithouttheobservationsofanyfloatingorprecipitateddots,whichisattributedtotheelectrostaticrepulsionsbetweenthepositivelychargePPNDsresultinginelectrostericstabilization.(Adv.Mater.,2012,24:
2037–2041)
四. ...仍然是个挑战
A. Thereistherebyanurgentneedbutitisstillasignificantchallengeto rationallydesignanddelicatelytailortheelectroactiveMTMOsforadvancedLIBs,ECs,MOBs,andFCs. (Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.2014,53,1488–1504)
B. However,systemsthatare sufficientlystableandefficientforpracticaluse havenotyetbeenrealized.
C. It remains challenging to develophighlyactiveHERcatalystsbasedonmaterialsthataremoreabundantatlowercosts.(J.Am.Chem.Soc., 2011, 133, 7296–7299)
D. Oneofthe great challenges inthetwenty-firstcentury is unquestionablyenergystorage.(NatureMaterials 2005,4,366-377 )
五.众所周知
A. Itiswellestablished(accepted)/Itisknowntoall/Itiscommonlyknown that manycharacteristicsoffunctionalmaterials,suchascomposition,crystallinephase,structuralandmorphologicalfeatures,andthesur-/interfacepropertiesbetweentheelectrodeandelectrolyte,wouldgreatlyinfluencetheperformanceoftheseuniqueMTMOsinelectrochemicalenergystorage/conversionapplications.(Angew.Chem.Int.Ed.2014,53,1488–1504)
B. Itisgenerallyaccepted(believed)that fora-Fe2O3-basedsensorsthechangeinresistanceismainlycausedbytheadsorptionanddesorptionofgasesonthesurfaceofthesensorstructure.(Adv.Mater.2005,17,582)
C. Asweallknow, soybeanaboundswithcarbon, nitrogen andoxygenelementsowingtotheexistenceofsugar, proteins and lipids.(Chem.Commun.,2012, 48,9367-9369)
D. Thereisnodenyingthat theirpresencemaymediatespinmomentstoalignparallelwithoutactingalonetoshowd0-FM.(Nanoscale,2013, 5,3918-3930)
六.正如下文将提到的...
A. Aswillbedescribedbelow(也可以是Asweshallseebelow), astheSi/Alratioincreases,thesurfaceofthezeolitebecomesmorehydrophobicandpossessesstrongeraffinityforethylacetateandthenumberofacidsitesdecreases.(Chem.Rev.2002,102,3641−3666)
B.Thisbehavioristobeexpectedand will be further discussed below.(J.Am.Chem.Soc., 1955, 77,3701–3707)
C. Therearealsosomesmalldeviationswithrespecttotheflowdirection, whichwe will discuss below. (Science,2001,291,630-633)
D. Below, we will see whatthisimplies.
E. Completedetailsofthiscase will beprovidedata later tim