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听力材料Unit6
Unit6
SectionOneTacticsforListening
Part1SpotDictation
WindandSpirit
Wedonoticethewindwhenitseems
(1)cruel,whenthetreesturnawayfromit,andit
(2)cutsintoourhearts."Certainwindswillmakemen's(3)temperbad",saidGeorgeEliot.InSouthernCalifornia,theSantaAna*is(4)associatedwithanincreaseindepressionanddomestic(5)violence
Scientistshavetried(6)withoutsuccesstoidentifyphysiologicalreasonsforthese(7)reactions.Everyoneagrees,however,that(8)drywindsliketheSantaAna,themistral*inFranceandthefoehn*inGermanyandSwitzerlandseemtohave(9)negativeeffectsonourmentalandphysical(10)negativeeffects
Onwindydays,playgroundfights,(11)suicidesandheartfailuresaremore(12)frequent.InGeneva,trafficaccidents(13)increasewhenawindcalledthebise*blows.Atthe(14)requestofpatients,someSwissandGermanhospitals(15)postponesurgeryduringthefoehn.
Itishumantoaskwhatis(16)behindthewind.ltiseasytopersonifythewindasthe(17)breathofGod.Theactoftakingwindintoourlungsiswhat(18)givesuslife.TheJews,Arabs,RomansandGreeksalltooktheirwordfor(19)spiritfromthewordforwind.
Butourday-to-daylivesarenolonger(20spiritthewinds.Wedonotidentifywindwithspiritanymore.
Exercise
Directions:
Listentothepassageandfillintheblankswithwhatyouhear.
Part2ListeningforGist
AcatgotontoaScandinavianAirlinesplaneinNairobiyesterdayandcostthecompanyabout£10,000.Oneofthe66passengersheardastrange"miaow"whentheplanelandedinCopenhagen.Mechanicsarrivedimmediatelyandtheairlinecompanyphonedforananimalambulance.
Themechanicsfoundthecataftereighthours'work.Ithadgotintotheair-conditioningsysteminNairobi.TheplanewastwelvehourslateleavingforTokyo,costingthecompany£10,000.Thecatwasquitewellafteritsexperienceandwasgivenalargebowlofmilkandaplateoffish.
Exercise
Directions:
Listentothepassageandfinditstopicsentence.
Thetopicsentenceis"AcatgotontoaScandinavianAirlinesplaneinNairobiyesterdayandcostthecompanyabout£10.000."
SectiontwoListeningComprehension
Part1Dialogue
WhataCoincidence!
Storyteller:
Talkingofcoincidences,didItellyouaboutwhathappenedtomeandJeannielastholiday?
Friend(s)No.
Storyteller:
WewentonholidayintheStatesandwewenttoMexico.Well,weweredrivingdowntoMexicoCity.WeweregoingtospendafewdaysinPalmBeach...seethesea,lookupanoldfriend,youknow.Aswelefttherewestoppedatagarageforacarcheck...oil,thewater,thetires,allthat...petrol.Andthemechanicsspottedsomething.Theysaidthatourfuelpumpwasnotworkingproperlyanditwasquiteserious...itwouldcostalotofmoney...well,wewereveryworried.
Friend(s):
Wereyouinsured?
Storyteller:
Well,no,weweren'tandIdidn'thavethatmuchmoneyonme,youknow.Itwasmeanttobeacheapholiday.Well,justthen,twomendroveupandtheysaidwhat'stheproblem?
And,doyouknow?
Theyweremechanics-itwassuchgoodluck.Theylookedatourcarandtheysaid,"There'snothingwrongwithyourcar.Don'tspendmoneyonit.Justforgetaboutit."Well,naturally,wewereworried,but...er,Ithought...I'lltrustthem,Ithinkthey'reright.So,wedroveon,wecrossedtheMexicanborderandhadamarvelousfewdayssightseeingthereroundMonterey.
Friend(s):
Oh,oh,brilliant...jealous...
Storyteller:
AndthenwewentonandontoMexicoCity.WedroveaboutfortykilometersandthenwesawacarwiththesameUSnumberplatesastheothercarwe'dseeninPalmBeach.
You'rejoking!
Itwasparkedbytheroad,andthesametwomenwhogaveustheadviceaboutourcarwerestuckwiththeircar.
Friend(s):
Oh,no!
Storyteller:
So,westoppedandaskedthemwhatwaswrong.Anddoyouknow?
-Theircarhadbrokendownforexactlythesamereason:
Thefuelpumpwasn'tworking!
Itwasquiteextraordinary.
Exercise
Directions:
Listentothedialogueanddecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F)
l.T2.T3.F4.F5.F5.F6.F7.T.8.F
Part2Passage
CorporateCulture
1.Howwelltheemployee"fits"theculturecanmakethedifferencebetweenjob-searchsuccessandfailure.
2.Itguideshowemployeesthink,act,andfeel.
1.Thetruthisthatyouwillneverreallyknowthecorporatecultureuntilyouhaveworkedatthecompanyforanumberofmonths.
4.Theamountoftimeoutsidetheofficeyou'reexpectedtospendwithco-workersispartofthecorporateculture.
5.Itshouldbeaplacewhereyoucanhaveavoice,berespected,andhaveopportunitiesforgrowth
Whyshouldjobseekerscareaboutapotentialemployer'scorporateculture?
Aren'ttheremoreimportantfactorstoconsider,suchasthejobitself,salaryandbonuses,andfringebenefits?
Thesefactorsareindeedimportant,butincreasinglycareerexpertsaretalkingabouttheimportanceofemployee-employerfitintermsofculture,withtheideathathowwelltheemployee"fits"theculturecanmakethedifferencebetweenjob-searchsuccessandfailure.
Whatiscorporateculture?
Atitsmostbasic,it'sdescribedasthepersonalityofanorganization,orsimplyas"howthingsaredonearoundhere".Itguideshowemployeesthink,act,andfeel.Corporatecultureisabroadtermusedtodefinetheuniquepersonalityorcharacterofaparticularcompanyororganization,andincludessuchelementsascorevaluesandbeliefs,corporateethics,andrulesofbehavior.Corporateculturecanbeexpressedinthecompany'smissionstatementandothercommunications,inthearchitecturalstyleorinterior,decorationofoffices,bywhatpeopleweartowork,byhowpeopleaddresseachother,andinthetitlesgiventovariousemployees.
Howdoesacompany'scultureaffectyou?
Inmany,manyways.Forinstance:
∙Thehoursyouworkperday,perweek,includingoptionssuchasflextimeandtelecommuting.
∙Theworkenvironment,includinghowemployeesinteract,thedegreeofcompetition,andwhetherit'safunorhostileenvironment-orsomethingin-between.
∙Thedresscode,includingtheacceptedstylesofattire*andthingssuchascasualdays.
∙Theofficespaceyouget,includingthingssuchascubicles*,windowoffices,andrulesregardingdisplayofpersonalitems.
∙Thetrainingandskillsdevelopmentyoureceive,whichyouneedbothonthejobandto
keepyourselfmarketableforfuturejobsandemployers.
∙Onsiteperks,suchasbreakrooms,gymsandplayrooms,daycarefacilities,andmore.
∙Theamountoftimeoutsidetheofficeyou'reexpectedtospendwithco-workers.•Interactionwithotheremployees,includingmanagersandtopmanagement.
Howdoyouuncoverthecorporatecultureofapotentialemployer?
Thetruthisthatyouwillneverreallyknowthecorporatecultureuntilyouhaveworkedatthecompanyforanumberofmonths,butyoucangetclosetoitthroughresearchandobservation.Understandingcultureisatwo-stepprocess,startingwithresearchbeforetheinterviewandendingwithobservationattheinterview.
Ifyougetachancetomeetwithotheremployees,youcanasksomequestionstotryandget
ahandleonanorganization'scorporateculture.Suchas:
∙What'sitreallyliketoworkhere?
∙Whatskillsandcharacteristicsdoesthecompanyvalue?
∙Howdopeoplegetpromotedaroundhere?
∙Thebottomlineisthatyouaregoingtospendalotoftimeintheworkenvironment---andtobehappy,successfulandproductive,you’llwanttobeinaplacewhereyoufittheculture,aplacewhereyoucanhaveavoice,berespectandhaveopportunityforgrowth.
ExerciseAPre-listeningQuestion
Manyarticlesandbookshavebeenwritteninrecentyearsaboutcultureinorganizations,usuallyreferredtoas"CorporateCulture".Thedictionarydefinescultureas"theactofdevelopingintellectualandmoralfaculties,especiallythrougheducation".Somepeopledefineitas"themoral,social,andbehavioralnormsofanorganizationbasedonthebeliefs,attitudes,andprioritiesofitsmembers".
Everyorganizationhasitsownuniquecultureorvalueset.Mostorganizationsdon'tconsciouslytrytocreateacertainculture.Thecultureoftheorganizationistypicallycreatedunconsciously,basedonthevaluesofthetopmanagementorthefoundersofanorganization.
ExerciseBSentenceDictation
Directions:
Listentosomesentencesandwritethemdown.Youwillheareachsentencethreetimes
ExerciseCDetailedListening
Directions:
Listentothepassageandcompletethefollowingparagraphs
Atitsmostbasic,corporatecultureisdescribedasthepersonalityofanorganization.Itguideshowemployeesthink.act,andfeel.Corporatecultureisabroadtermusedtodefinetheuniquepersonalityorcharacterofaparticularcompanyororganization,andincludessuchelementsascorevaluesandbeliefs,corporateethics,andrulesofbehavior.Corporateculturecanalsobeexpressedinthecompany'smissionstatementandothercommunications,inthearchitecturalstyleorinteriordecorationofoffices,bywhatpeopleweartowork,byhowpeopleaddresseachother,andinthetitlesgiventovariousemployees.
Acompany'scultureaffectsyouinmanyways,suchastheworkinghours.theworkenvironment,thedresscode.theofficespaceyouget.thetrainingandskillsdevelopmentyoureceive.onsiteperks.theamountoftimeoutsidetheofficeyou'reexpectedtospendwithco-workersandinteractionwithotheremployees.includingmanagersandtopmanagement.
ExerciseCDetailedListening
Directions:
Listentothepassageandcompletethefollowingparagraphs
Atitsmostbasic,corporateculture