六级作文3自主学习资料.docx
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六级作文3自主学习资料
六级作文3
一、Introduction
¡Clearviewforbeginning
——BriefandtothePoint
¡Reiteratestheviewpointintheend
¡Threadsupthesubject:
重复词
序数词
关联词
下大雨了，他发烧了。
发烧了，不能上班了。
他不能去上班了，扣工资了。
¡Becauseoftheheavyrain,hedevelopedhighfever,
¡andthushadtosleepathome.
¡Hisabsenceresultedinreductionofhispay.
——句间衔接
v英语写作中的衔接关系：
A.表示附加：
and,whatismore
notonly…butalso…
aswellas
Ø____.Besidesthis,______.
Ø____.Inaddition,______.
Ø____.Apartfromthis,______.
Ø____.Furthermore,________.
Ø____.Moreover,__________.
Ø____.Toputitinanotherway,________.
B.表示顺序：
First…Second…Third…
Firstly…Secondly…Thirdly…
ØTobeginwith,…Followingthis,…Next,…
ØInitially,…Afterthis,…Then,
ØOnonehand,…Ontheotherhand,…Lastbutnottheleast,
C.表示因果：
because/as/for/since….
ØOwningto______,_________.
ØDueto_________,_________.
Ø__________.Forthisreason,_________.
Ø__________.Hence,________________.
Ø__________.Accordingly,_________________.
Ø__________.Therefore,______________.
Ø__________.Thereby,________________.
D.表示对比：
but
Ø_______.While,__________.
Ø_______.Bycontrast,_________.
Ø_______.Conversely,_________.
Ø_______.Onthecontrary,_______.
Ø_______.Whereas,__________.
Ø_______.Nevertheless,__________.
Ø_______.Nonetheless,_________.
E.表示肯定：
Ofcourse/certainly
ØSurely,__________.
ØClearly,＿＿＿＿＿．
ØNaturally,________.
ØObviously,________.
ØPlainly,___________.
ØUndoubtedly,_________.
F.表示条件：
If_____,_________.
ØAslongas_______,________.
ØAsfaras_________,_________.
ØDependingon_________,________.
ØProvidedthat________,__________.
G.表示定义：
___is___.
Ø____refersto________
Ø____means___________.
H.表示举例：
forexample/suchas/forinstance
ØInparticular_________.
ØNamely________________.
ØAsanillustration,___________.
ØSpecifically,_________.
ØTodemonstrate,_______.
I.表示时间：
When______.
vAs_____,______.
vWhile_________,_______.
vMeanwhile_______,_______.
vWhenever__________,______.
J.表示承接：
About/On___.
vWithregardto________,_________.
vAsfor_________,___________.
vAround_________,___________.
K.表示强调：
especially,________.
ØMainly,______________.
ØParticularly,____________.
ØInparticular,__________.
L.表示总结（总而言之）：
Øinshort/inconclusion/inaword/insummary，
ØToconclude/tosumup，
ØAsfarasI’mconcerned,
M、表示概括（整体来讲）:
Øasarule
Øforthemostpart
Øingeneral
Øinmostcases
Øonthewhole
Øspeakinggenerally
vUnifiedcontent
DoctrineoftheMean
vWaterdroppingdaybydaywearthehardestrockaway.
vCelebrityQuotes&FamousSayings:
ImmanuelKant
Nietzsche
WilliamShakespeare
GeorgeGordonByron
…
Confucius
——适用于道德类话题
v不得分文章
1，不写/中文/完全与范文一样
2，与题目完全无关
3，政治态度过激
v从论文入手……
二、StrategyforEssayWriting
vword
Howmany?
——2000positivewords
ØToavoidthefollowingwords:
vword
vword
¡good——positive,favorable,rosy,promising，perfect,pleasurable,excellent,outstanding
¡Think——harbortheideathat,taketheattitudethat;holdtheviewthat,itiswidelysharedthat,itisuniversallyacknowledgedthat
¡inmyopinion——Astome,frommyownperspective…
vgrammar
Warning:
¡A____,_____.
¡B_________!
¡C_________?
¡D_________...
¡Eshouldbedosth
¡F主谓一致
——usemodalverb（can,could,must…）
vSentences
A：
"anticipatoryit"
That+完整句=N.
E.g.Educationisvital.
——Thateducationisvitalisobvious.
——Itisobviousthateducationisvital.
vSentences
Examples:
¡Itisannounced/estimated/reported…
¡Itgoeswithoutsayingthat…
¡Itcannotbedeniedthat…
¡Itisvital/imperative/significant/ofimportance/essentialthat…
¡Itissuggested/demanded/required/advisedthat+shoulddo…
¡Itisobvious/clear/evident/manifest/asclearascrystalthat…
vSample
vitisastrikingfactthateverymoderncityboastsnotonlyofitsprosperitybutalsoofitsculture.
vItisaninescapablefactthatasmall,buttroublesomeminorityofschoolstudentsbehavebadly,someonlyoccasionallybutothersregularly.
vSentences
vObjectclause——somepeoplethinkthat…
vSomepeopleinsist/maintain/argue/deem/contend/conclude/advocate/emphasize…
vSomepeoplepointout/dostronglybelieve/beconvinced/donotmistrust….
vSample——对比引入
vAlargenumberofpeopleinsistthatlackofpracticalknowledge,amongotherthings,contributestothissituation.
vInlightofthis,theycontendthatcollegeteachersshouldlaymorestressonpracticalcoursesthanontraditionalones.
vFormypart,Iaminfavoroftheirviewpoint.
vSentences
Famoussaying:
vIhaveadreamthatonedayallroadswillbemadeplain.
vWeholdthesetruthstobeself-evidentthatmenarecreatedequal.
vManypeoplearefanciedthatmoneymeanseverything.
vSentences
vNon-restrictiveclause
A:
which
vManypeoplethinkthatfrequentculturecommunicationsarebeneficial,whichcanenhancethecultureintegration.
vBusinessresearchshouldbeadvanced,whichcanpavethewayforanation’seconomicdevelopment.
vSentences
vB：
as
vAsiswell-known,
vAsisknowntoall,
vAsiswidely-accepted,
vAsisuniversally-known,
vAsisuniversally-accepted,
vSentences
vAshasbeensaid,
vAshasbeenmentioned,
vAshasbeendiscussed,
vAshasbeenremarked,
vAshasbeenoutlined,
vAshasbeenpresented,
Nonfiniteverbs
A:
todo
vTobeginwith/startwith/illustrate…
vTosumup/conclude/summarize…
vTobehonest/befrank/tellthetruth…
vSentences
Bdoing
vAccordingto/concerningsth./judgingby/respectingsth.
vtakingallfactorsintoconsideration
vtakingallthingsintoaccount
vSpeakingof/talkingof….=whenitcomesto
vSentences
vPreposition：
amazing/eye-catching/earth-shaking/relaxing/entertaining/far-reaching/decision-making…
vPostposition：
Thosewhoholdthelatterviewdostronglybelievethatdoingsomaybeawasteoftime.
——thoseholding….
vSentences
vEmphasizing
vA:
adv.
especially,mainly,particularly,inparticular…
vB:
S+do/did/does…
Wedobelievethatafriendwalksinwhentherestoftheworldwalksout.
vC:
itis/was…that/who…
Michaeliswaitingformeinthewoods.
vSentences
¡Inversion
A:
Here/there/now/then/thus
Herecomesadog.
Thencameanewdifficulty.
B:
Prepositionalphrase
Inthefieldsstandsatree.
Aheadsatanoldman.
vSentences
C:
no/not/never/seldom/little/hardly/atnotime/innoway/notuntil…
§Neverinhistoryhadtechnologymadesuchspectacularadvances.
§Littledowerealizehowessentialthisdecisionis.
§Hardlyadaygoesbywithoutmythinkingofher./suchaquestion.
vSentences
D:
only
§Onlyinthisway,canwesolvetheproblem.
§Onlywhenheisseriouslyill,doesheeverstayinbed.
vWaystofindreasons…
vP:
public&politics
vE:
environment/education/experience/economy
vT:
time&technology
vC:
culture&character
vS:
society
vSample
Part–timejobs：
¡——livingexpense；thesenseofindependence；enrichworkingexperience;bewellpreparedtothefuturedevelopment；puttheoryintopractice….
¡——distract…fromstudy；beawasteoftime；lackofexperience
Studyabroad：
¡——educationconditions;communicationskillsandinterpersonalskills;richsocialandlifeexperience
¡——costalot;sentimental;lackofself-careability
vPara.2——原因分析段
vSchoolsaretooacademicinorientationanditwouldbemoreusefulforchildrentolearnaboutpracticalmatters.
vMyfirstreasonisthatitisthedutyofparents,notteachers,topracticetheirchildrentodealwiththepracticalaffairsoflife.
vThehome,nottheclassroom,istheidealplacetolearnabouthomemanagementandinterpersonalskills.Asforworkabilitiesandattitudes,theyarethebestlearned“onthejob”andunderthesupervisionofanexperiencedolderworker.
vSchoolsaretooacademicinorientationanditwouldbemoreusefulforchildrentolearnaboutpracticalmatters.
¡Mysecondreasonisthatacademicsubjectshavewithstoodthetestofthetime.
¡Theyrepresenttheaccumulatewisdomofourancestorsdownthroughtheages,and,farfrombeingimpractical,theyequipuswiththeknowledgeandconfidencetomakesoundjudgmentsaboutanyproblemswhichmaycropup.Inaddition,academicsubjectsaregoodfortrainingusinmentaldiscipline,whilepracticalsubjectsareweakinthisregard.
vSchoolsaretooacademicinorientationanditwouldbemoreusefulforchildrentolearnaboutpracticalmatters.
vMythirdreasonisbasedonthesaying“Mandoesnotlivebybreadalone”.
vSchooldaysdevotedsolelytoinstructionindown-to-earthpracticalmatterswouldbedullindeed!
Lessonsinthebestliteratureofthepastenrichourlivesandmakeusfeelthatwearepartofthegreatfamilyofmankind.
vReason？
For:
ØItmouldsstrongandrealcharacter.
ØIthelpstoreinforcetheauthorityofteachersandparents.
ØPermissivenessresultsinundisciplinedchildren.
ØParentallaxityleadstothespreadofjuveniledelinquency.
vprogressive…….
vCorporalpunishment
Against:
ØItseriouslyviolatesthelegalrightsandinterestsforchildren.
ØItendangerschildren’sphysicalandmentaldevelopment.
ØItisakindofbrutalityandcrueltywhichmayleadtoinjuryorevendeathofthestudent.
ØResearchesrevealthatstudentswhosufferfromcorporalpunishmenttendtoresorttoviolenceintheirfuturelife.
ØThemissionofeducationcanbefulfilledinothermorecivilizedways.
progressive…….
vSchoolorparents'responsibility
Theschool:
ØAsaninstitutionofeducation,theschoolhasthesoleresponsibilitytoedu
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