届高三英语一轮复习专题训练卷之阅读理解全国通用11健康环保类.docx

届高三英语一轮复习专题训练卷之阅读理解全国通用11健康环保类.docx

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届高三英语一轮复习专题训练卷之阅读理解全国通用11健康环保类

2019届高三英语一轮复习专题训练卷之阅读理解（全国通用）：

健康环保类

1    Theelephantwaslyingheavilyonitsside,fastasleep.Afewdogsstartedbarkingatit.Theelephantwokeupinaterribleanger:

Itchasedthedogsintothevillagewheretheyranforsafety.

    Thatdidn'tstoptheelephant.Itdestroyedadozenhousesandinjuredseveralpeople.Thevillagerswerescaredandangry.ThensomeonesuggestedcallingParbati,theelephantprincess.

    ParbatiBarua'sfatherwasahunteroftigersandanelephanttamer,HetaughtParbatitorideanelephantbeforeshecouldevenwalk.Healsotaughtherthedangerousartoftheelephantround-up—howtocatchwildelephants.

    Parbatihasn'talwayslivedinthejungle.Afterahappychildhoodhuntingwithherfather,shewassenttoboardingschoolinthecity.ButParbatinevergotusedtobeingthereandmanyyearslatershewentbacktoheroldlife."Lifeinthecityistoodull.Catchingelephantsisanadventureandtheexcitementlastsfordaysafterthechase,"shesays.

    ButParbatidoesn’tcatchelephantsjustforfun.“Mywork.”shesays,“istorescuemanfromtheelephants,andtokeeptheelephantssafefromman."AndthisisexactlywhatParbatihasbeendoingformanyyears. Increasingly,theIndianelephantisangry:

Formanyyears,illegalhuntershaveattackeditanditshomeinthejunglehasbeenreducedtosmallpiecesofland.Itisnowfightingback.Wheneverwildelephantsenterateagarden,oravillage,Parbatiiscalledtoguidetheanimalsbacktothejunglebeforetheycankill.

    Theworkofanelephanttameralsoinvolvesloveanddevotion.Agoodelephanttamerwillspendhoursadaysinginglovesongstoanewlycapturedelephant"Eventuallytheygrowtolovetheirtamersandneverforgetthem.Theyarealsomoreloyalthanhumans,"shesaid,assheclimbeduponeofherelephantsandsatonthegiant,happyanimal.Anelephantprincessindeed!

1.ForParbati,catchingelephantsismainlyto_____.

A.getlonglastingexcitement

B.keepbothmanandelephantssafe

C.sendthembacktothejungle

D.maketheangryelephantstame

2.BeforeParbatistudiedinaboardingschool,_____.

A.shespenthertimehuntingwithherfather

B.shelearnedhowtosinglovesongs

C.shehadalreadybeencalledanelephantprincess

D.shewastaughthowtohunttigers

3.Indianelephantsaregettingincreasinglyangryandtheyrevengebecause_____.

A.theyarecaughtandsentforheavywork

B.illegalhunterscapturethemandkillthem

C.theyareattackedandtheirlandgetslimited

D.dogsoftenbarkatthemandchasethem

4.ThepassagestartswithanelephantstoryinordertoexplainthatinIndia_____.

A.peopleeasilyfallvictimtoelephantsattacks

B.theman-elephantrelationshipisgettingworse

C.elephanttamersareinshortsupply

D.dogsareaspowerfulaselephants

答案：

1.B;2.A;3.C;4.B

解析：

1.【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文,主要叙述了在印度,人和大象的关系正在恶化,驯象师Parbati捕捉大象来保障人和大象的安全。

【命题立意】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据第五段第一、二句“ButParbatidoesn’tcatchelephantsjustforfun.‘Mywork,’shesays,‘istorescuemanfromtheelephants,andtokeeptheelephantssafefromman’”可知,Parbati捕捉大象主要是为了保障人和大象的安全。

故答案选B。

2.【命题立意】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据第四段第二句“Afterahappychildhoodhuntingwithherfather,shewassenttoaboardingschoolinthecity.”可知,Parbati童年时与父亲一起在丛林中打猎,之后她被送到城里的一所寄宿学校。

故答案选A。

3.【命题立意】细节理解题。

【解题思路】根据第五段第四句中的“illegalhuntershaveattackeditanditshomeinthejunglehasbeenreducedtosmallpiecesofland”可知,印度大象逐渐变得易怒而且报复人类是因为它们被猎人攻击,并且它们生存的领地也在逐渐缩小。

故答案选C。

4.【命题立意】推理判断题。

【解题思路】根据第一、二段可知,大象在睡觉的时候被几条狗骚扰,醒来后震怒,在村子里追赶这几条狗。

这几条狗向村民寻求庇护,但是这也没有阻止大象。

大象还毁坏了十几所房子,伤了几个人。

村民感到生气和恐惧。

由此可推知,大象与人类的关系在恶化。

故答案选B。

2、   Businessesarewitnessingadifficulttime,whichhasinturnproducedinfluenceonconsumers’desiretogogreen.However,shoppersarestilllayingstressonenvironmentalconcerns.

    Twothirdsofcustomerssaythatenvironmentalconsiderationsinformtheirpurchasestothesamedegreeastheydidayearago,whilemorethanaquartersaythattheyarenowevenbetterawareoftheenvironmentaleffectonwhattheybuy.

   Thismayhelptoinfluencehowshopsstoregoodsontheirshelves.Andthecompaniesshouldstillmakeeffortstobecomemoreenvironmentallyfriendly.Twooutofthreepeoplethinkitisimportanttobuyfromenvironmentallyresponsiblecompanies,withaboutoneinsevensayingthattheyhadevendecidedtotaketheircustomelsewhereiftheyfeltacompany’senvironmentalreputationwasnotgoodenough.

   HarryMorrison,chiefexecutive（主管）oftheCarbonTrust,sympathizes:

“Iunderstandthissituationwheresurvivalisveryimportantnow.Butfromenvironmentalconsiderations,theclockisticking—wedon’thavemuchtime.Inaddition,cuttingcarbonhasanimmediateeffectascostsdropandamediumtermbenefitforthebrand.”

   Largercompanieshaveanextramotivationtolookatreducingtheircarbonfootprint,asnewrulesnextyearwillrequirebusinessestobuycarbonallowancestomakeupfortheiremissions（排放）.Thosethathavetakenearlyactionwillhaveaheadstart.Morethantwothirdsofconsumersarenotclearaboutwhichcompaniesareenvironmentallyresponsible.Thissuggeststhatfirmsthatareabletorelayclearlytheirmessagetothepublicwillbeinapolepositiontoattractshoppers.

   TheCarbonTrustbelievesthatitcanhelpbyinformingcustomersaboutthegoodworkcompaniesaredoing.“Whencompaniesaregranted（授予）thestandard,theycanusealogoinalltheirmarketingwhichmakesitclearthattheyareworkingtowardscuttingemissions,”Mr.Morrisonsaid.

1.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?

A.Businessesarefindingwaystosendtheirmessagetotheshoppers.

B.Companieswillsoongetinformationaboutcuttingcarbonemissions.

C.Firmsaremakingeffortstoencouragecustomerstokeepgoodsathome.

D.Firmsareurgedtocutcarbonemissionsbyshoppers’environmentalawareness.

2.Theunderlinedword“inform”inParagraph2probablymeans“              ”.

A.affect

B.change

C.disturb

D.reject

3.AccordingtoHarryMorrison,businesses              .

A.willbenefitfromcuttingcarbonemissions

B.shouldbuycarbonallowancesforshoppers

C.arerequiredtomakeupfortheircarbonemissions

D.haveencouragedshopperstotaketheircustomelsewhere

4.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatbusinesseswill.

A.haveastrongdesiretoreducecosts

B.usethesamelogointheirmarketing

C.gainadvantagesbytakingearlyaction

D.attractmoreshoppersbystoringgoods

答案：

1.D;2.A;3.A;4.C

解析：

3、White-collarworkersincreasinglyunhealthy

   Anincreasingnumberofwhite-collarworkersinShanghaiaregettingfailinggradesontheirphysicalexaminations,accordingtoawhitepaperonthehealthofwhite-collarworkersinShanghai.

   CarriedoutbyShanghaiForeignServiceGroup,ahumanresourcescompany,thereportindicatedthatmorethan53percentofmalesareoverweight,46percentsufferfromafattyliverandabout26percenthaveelevatedbloodlipids（血脂）.However,femalesaremoreoftendiagnosedashavingbreastlesions（乳房病变）thatcouldleadtocancer（85percent）,thyroid（甲状腺）disorder（34percent）andhemorrhoids（痔疮）（23percent）.

   Thoughthereportalsofoundthatwhite-collarworkerswerepayingincreasingattentiontotheirhealth—withabout84percentsayingtheyfollowedtheirconditioncloselyorveryclosely—thosewithhealthylifestylesdroppedto64percentlastyearfrom77percentin2015.

   Thereportcamefromabout500,000physicalexamstakenbywhite-collarworkersinShanghaioverthepastfiveyears.“Ialwayseatanddrinktoomuchandneverexercise,”saidWeiRuoxi,a26-year-oldworkinginfinancewhoisstrugglingwithbeingoverweight.“Iknowwhatahealthylifestylelookslike,butthejobjustbringstoomuchpressureandsqueezesoutexercisetime,”sheadded.HuXiaolong,30,anaccountantinShanghai,saidhewasdeterminedtolivehealthilyfromnowon.“Myrecentphysicalexaminationshowsalittleshadowinthelung,whichstartledmewhenIheardit.Ireallyneedtoquitbadhabitslikesmokingandstayinguplate.”

   Thewhitepaperalsoshowedthatmorepeopleareturningtocommercialhealthinsurancetocopewithfinancialriskscausedbyhealthproblems.Thepopularityofinsurancepurchasesamongtheparticipantsreached15.3percentlastyear,ariseof4percentagepointsinjustoneyear.Mostparticipantsalsoexpectedtheircompaniestohelpthemwitheffectivehealthmanagement,suchasofferingmembershipcardsforgyms,flexibleworkingschedulesandregularphysicalexaminations.

1.Thefemalewhite-collarworkerswithbreastlesionssufferfrom_______most.

A.breastlesions

B.fattyliver

C.hemorrhoids

D.cancer

2.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“startled”inthe4thparagraphprobablymean?

A.confused

B.curious

C.shocked

D.encouraged

3.Themainideaofthelastparagraphisthat_______.

A.companieshavetakenmeasurestoimprovewhite-collarworkers’health

B.peoplearetryingtohandlethewhite-collarworkers’healthproblems

C.thehealthinsurancefirmhasprofitedfromwhite-collarworkers

D.moreandmorewhite-collarworkershaverealizedtheirhealthproblems

4.Inwhichcolumnofanewspaperdoweprobablyfindthepassage?

A.Health.

B.Business.

C.People.

D.Technology.

答案：

1.D;2.C;3.B;4.A

解析：

1.细节理解题。

根据第二段中.However,femalesaremoreoftendiagnosedashavingbreastlesions（乳房病变）thatcouldleadtocancer可知乳腺病变的女白领最容易患上癌症。

故答案为D。

2.词义猜测题。

根据横线前半句Myrecentphysicalexaminationshowsalittleshadowinthelung,最近的体检显示肺部出现阴影。

再根据空格下句:

Ireallyneedtoquitthesehabitslikesmokingandstayinguplate.我真的需要改掉抽烟、熬夜等不良习惯了。

”由此可知检查结果使我震惊。

故答案为C。

4.推理判断题。

因为本文谈论的是健康问题,所以文章最有可能来自报纸的Health一栏。

故答案为A。

【点评】本文是一篇说明文,注意第2题词义猜测题的解题方法可以利用因果推理法进行解题,即对生词词