1516学年上学期高二期末考试英语试题附答案14.docx

1516学年上学期高二期末考试英语试题附答案14.docx

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1516学年上学期高二期末考试英语试题附答案14

2015-2016第一学期高二质检

英语试卷

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡

上该项涂黑。

（A）

Eatingtoomuchfattyfood,exercisingtoolittleandsmokingcanraiseyourfutureriskofheartdisease.Butthereisanotherfactorthatcancauseyourheartproblemsmoreimmediately:

theairyoubreathe.

Previousstudieshavelinkedhighexposure（暴露）toenvironmentalpollutiontoanincreasedriskofheartproblem,buttwoanalysesnowshowthatpoorairqualitycanleadtoheartattackorstroke（中风）withinaslittleasafewhoursafterexposure.Inonereviewoftheresearch,scientistsfoundthatpeopleexposedtohighlevelsofpollutants（污染物）wereupto5%morelikelytosufferaheartattackwithindaysofexposurethanthosewithlowerexposure.AseparatestudyofstrokepatientsshowedthatevenairthattheU.S.EnvironmentalProtectionAgency（EPA）considerstobeof“moderate”（良好）qualityandrelativelysafeforourhealthcanraisetheriskofstrokeasmuchas34%within12to14hoursofexposure.

Theauthorsofbothstudiesstressthattheserisksarerelativelysmallforhealthypeopleandcertainlymodestcomparedwithotherriskfactorssuchassmokingandhighbloodpressure.However,itisimportanttobeawareofthesedangersbecauseeveryoneisexposedtoairpollutionregardlessoflifestylechoices.SostricterregulationbytheEPAofpollutantsmaynotonlyimproveenvironmentalairqualitybutcouldalsobecomenecessarytoprotectpublichealth.

21.Thetextmainlydiscussestherelationshipbetween______.

A.heartproblemsandairqualityB.heartproblemsandexercising

C.heartproblemsandsmokingD.heartproblemsandfattyfood

22.Theunderlinedword“modest”inParagraph3mostprobablymeans______.

A.relativelyhighB.extremelylow

C.relativelylowD.extremelyhigh

23.Theauthor’spurposeofwritingthetextismostlikelyto_______.

A.describeB.persuadeC.informD.entertain

（B）

Desertsarefoundwherethereislittlerainfallorwhererainforawholeyearfallsinonlyafewweeks'time.Teninchesofrainmaybeenoughformanyplantstosurvive（存活）iftherainisspreadthroughouttheyear,Ifitfallswithinoneortwomonthsandtherestoftheyearisdry,thoseplantsmaydieandadesertmayform.

Sandbeginsastinypiecesofrockthatgetsmallerandsmalleraswindandweatherwearthemdown.Sanddunes（沙丘）areformedaswindsmovethesandacrossthedesert.Bitbybit,thedunesgrowovertheyears,alwaysmovingwiththewindsandchangingtheshape.Mostofthemareonlyafewfeettall,buttheycangrowtobeseveralhundredfeethigh.

Thereis,however,muchmoretoadesertthansand.InthedesertsofthesouthwesternUnitedStates,cliffs（悬崖）anddeepvalleyswereformedfromthickmudthatoncelaybeneathaseamorethanmillionsofyearsago.Overthecenturies,thewaterdriedup.Wind,sand,rain,heatandcoldallworeawayattheremainingrocks.Thefacesofthedesertmountainsarealwayschanging–-very,veryslowly---astheseforcesofnaturecontinuetoworkontherock.

Mostdesertshaveasurprisingvarietyoflife.Thereareplants,animalsandinsectsthathaveadaptedtolifeinthedesert.Duringtheheatofthedayavisitormayseeveryfewsignsoflivingthings,butastheairbeginstocoolintheevening,thedesertcomestolife.Asthesunbeginstoriseagaininthesky,thedesertonceagainbecomesquietandlonely.

24.Manyplantsmaysurviveindesertswhen__________________.

A.itisdryalltheyearroundB.therainfallsonlyinafewweeks

C.thereislittleraininayearD.therainisspreadoutinayear

25.Sanddunesareformedwhen___________________.

A.sandpilesupgraduallyB.thereisplentyofraininayear

C.theseahasdriedupovertheyearsD.piecesofrockgetsmaller

26.Theunderlinedsentenceinthethirdparagraphprobablymeansthatinadesertthereis____________.

A.toomuchsandB.moresandthanbefore

C.nothingexceptsandD.somethingelsebesidessand

27Itcanbelearnedfromthetextthatinadesert____________.

A.thereisnorainfallthroughouttheyearB.lifeexistsinroughconditions

C.allsanddunesareafewfeethighD.rocksarewornawayonlybywindandheat

（C）

InternationalStudies（BA）

Keyfeatures

Recognizesthe“globalcommunity”（国际社会）

Hascloseconnectionswithpracticalresearch

Muchoftheteachingisdoneinsmalldiscussiongroups

Aboutthecourse

Thecoursegivesyouchancestoknowgreatpowerpoliticsbetweennationstates.ItwillprovidemorespacetostudyparticularissuessuchasrelationshipamongcountriesintheEuropeanUnion,thirdworlddebt,localandinternationaldisagreement,andtheworkofsuchinternationalbodiesastheUnitedNations,theEuropeanUnion,NATO,andtheWorldBank.

Thecourseputstheoriesintotheworkingoftheinternationalsystemwithcloseattentiontoparticularcountries.Youwillalsohaveabetterknowledgeofmethodsofsolvingtheinternationalproblems.

Related（相关的）courses

●BA（Hons）CommunityManagement●BA（Hons）PublicPolicyandManagement

Employmentpossibilities

●Internationalorganizations●Internationalbusiness

EarthScience（BSc）

Keyfeatures

Basedonkeycoursesandthelatestresearchfindings

Paysmuchattentiontopracticalskills

Offerschancesforfieldwork（实地考察）

Aboutthecourse

Thedemandfornaturalresourcesisbecominganincreasinglyseriousproblemforthefutureofmankind.GraduatesinEarthSciencewillplayanimportantroleinmeetingthisdemand,andinknowingthemeaningofusingthenaturalresources.

Thecoursecoversgeographyandgeology.YouwillcarryoutfieldworkintheUKandpossiblyoverseas,andaresearchinanareaofinteresttoyouinthefinalyear.

Relatedcourses

BSc（Hons）Geography;BSc（Hons）Geology

Employmentpossibilities

Mineral,oil,waterorotherrelatedengineeringindustries.

28.InternationalStudiesisacoursein_______

A.internationalpoliticsB.internationalbusiness

C.internationalsystemsD.internationalbodies

29.AftertakingthecourseofInternationalStudies,thestudentswill_______.

A.becomepracticalandopen-mindedB.haveagreaterabilitytodiscusstheories

C.knowhowtosettleinternationalproblemsD.havegoodjobsinanyinternationalorganizations

30.EarthScience,asdescribedinthesecondtext,______.

A.isattractivebecauseofthechancesforfieldwork

B.paysmoreattentiontopracticalskillsthantheories

C.isbuiltonimportantcoursesandtheresultsofrecentstudies

D.encouragesstudentstoplayaroleinusingnaturalresources

31.Itcanbeinferredthattheabovetwotextsarewrittenforthestudentswho_______.

A.enjoyresearchworkB.plantochoosecourses

C.studyintheUKD.areinterestedinoverseasfieldwork

（D）

Thinkingissomethingyouchoosetodoasafishchoosetoliveinwater.Tobehumanistothink.Butthinkingmaycomenaturallywithoutyourknowinghowyoudoit.Thinkingaboutthinkingisthekeytocritical（判断性的）thinking.Whenyouthinkcritically,youtakecontrolofyourthinkingprocesses（过程）.Otherwise,youmightbecontrolledbytheideasofothers.Indeed,criticalthinkingisattheheartofeducation.

Theword“critical”herehasaspecialmeaning.Itdoesnotmeantakingoneviewagainstanotherview,aswhensomeonecriticizesanotherpersonfordoingsomethingwrong.Thenatureofcriticalthinkingisthinkingbeyondtheeasilyseen—beyondthepicturesonTV,theuntruereportsinthenewspapers,andthefaultyreasoning.

Criticalthinkingisanattitudeasmuchasanactivity.Ifyouarecuriousaboutlifeanddesiretodigdeeperintoit,youareacriticalthinker.Ifyoufindpleasureindeepthinkingaboutdifferentideas,characters,andfacts,youareacriticalthinker.

Activitiesofthemindandhigher-orderreasoningareprocessesofdeepandcarefulconsideration.Theytaketime,anddonotgohandinhandwiththefastspeedintoday’sworld:

fastfoods,instantcoffee,andself-developingfilm.Ifyouareamongthepeoplewhobelievethatspeedisameasureofintelligence（智力）,youmaylearnsomethingnewfromastoryaboutAlbertEinstein.ThefirsttimeBaneshHoffman,ascientist,wastodiscusshisworkwithAlbertEinstein,Hoffmanwastoonervoustospeak.ButEinsteinimmediatelyputHoffmanateasebysaying,“Pleasegoslowly.Idon’tunderstandthingsquickly.”

32.Criticalthinkingisimportanttousbecauseifwedonotthinkcritically,______.

A.itwillbehardforustothinknaturallyandfast

B.wemightbecontrolledbyotherpeople’sideas

C.wewillfollowtheideasofothersnaturally

D.wemightbefooledbyotherpeople’sideas

33.Ifyouareacriticalthinker,youwill______.

A.thinkdeeplyaboutdifferentideasB.trustthereportsinthenewspapers

C.takeoneviewagainstanotherviewD.criticizeotherpeoplefortheirmistakes

34.Inthelastparagraph,“somethingnew”suggeststhat______

A.thesmarteryouare,thefasteryoudothings

B.thefasteryoudothings,thesmarteryoubecome

C.speedcanimproveintelligence

D.intelligenceisnotdecidedbyspeed

35.Whatwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.ThinkingandCriticalThinkingB.UnderstandingCriticalThinking

C.ThinkingisNaturalandHumanD.ThinkingFastMeansIntelligence

第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多选

（36）____Youprobablythinkyouwillneverbeatopstudent.Thisisnotnecessarilyso,however.Anyonecanbecomeabetterstudentifheorshewantsto.Here’show:

Planyourtimecarefully.Whenplanningyourwork,youshouldmakealistofthingsthatyouhavetodo.Aftermakingthis