商务英语毕业论文.docx

商务英语毕业论文.docx

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商务英语毕业论文

毕业论文

题目：

AnalysisontheSemanticChangesofCommonNounsinEconomicandTradeEnglish

浅析常用名词在经贸英语中的语义变化

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企业项目科研课题自拟题目

AnalysisontheSemanticChangesofCommonNouninEconomicandTradeEnglish

by

FuZhilian

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ProfessorChenRuojing

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FortheDegreeofBachelorofArts

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摘要

摘要内容：

词汇的语义变化和社会的发展有着密不可分的关系。

词汇的语义变化受到多方面的影响，常用名词在不同的领域有着不同的语义，英语单词的语义在变化。

人们在接触经贸英语时发现有些熟悉的单词，看似认识，但是把单词放在特定的商贸语境下，其意义就变了，词语的语义变化会导致人们对经贸单词的理解有了偏差。

经贸英语中涉及的名词语义变化的原因有三点，第一点，社会发展和经济活动；第二点，民族文化的差异；第三点，常用名词在常用句子的语境背景。

民族文化的差异是长久以来较为固定的。

在因素稳定的情况下，研究对象为涉及到货币词语以及经贸活动所用到的常用名词，研究方法是通过民族文化差异和英汉名词语义的对比，并且举例大量常用名词的英汉文化语义的比较例子，以及分析词汇运用在日常运用英语句子的不同含义和涉及到经贸方面的英语例句中的具体语义。

本文旨在论证英汉名词在中西方文化差异下有明显的变化，以及表明词汇在不同的句子中所表现的意义是具有不稳定性的，语义变化不是一成不变的。

关键词：

经贸英语；民族文化；语义变化；英汉语义对比

ABSTRACT

Thesemanticchangeofvocabularyiscloselyrelatedtothedevelopmentofsociety.Thesemanticchangeofvocabularyisaffectedbymanyaspects.Commonnounshavedifferentsemanticsindifferentfields,andthesemanticsofEnglishwordsarechanging.WhenpeoplecomeintocontactwithbusinessEnglish,theyfindsomefamiliarwordsthatseemtorecognizethem,butwhentheyareplacedinaspecificbusinesscontext,theirmeaningschange,andthesemanticchangesofthewordswillleadtopeople'sunderstandingofbusinesswords.

TherearethreereasonsforthesemanticchangesofnounsinvolvedinbusinessEnglish.First,socialdevelopmentandeconomicactivities;Second,differencesinnationalculture;Third,commonnounsareinthecontextofcommonlyusedsentences.Nationalculturaldifferenceshavebeenrelativelystableforalongtime.Inthecaseofstablefactors,theresearchobjectiscommonlyusednounsrelatedtocurrencytermsandeconomicandtradeactivities.TheresearchmethodistocomparethesemanticdifferencesbetweenEnglishandChinesenounsthroughethnicculturaldifferencesandexamples,andgivealotofcomparativeexamplesoftheEnglishandChineseculturalsemanticsofcommonlyusednouns.ItalsoanalyzesthedifferentmeaningsofvocabularyusedindailyuseofEnglishsentencesandthespecificsemanticsofEnglishexamplesentencesrelatedtoeconomicsandtrade.

ThepurposeofthisarticleistodemonstratetheobviouschangesinEnglishandChinesenounsunderthedifferencesbetweenChineseandWesterncultures,andtoshowthatthemeaningofvocabularyindifferentsentencesisunstable,andthesemanticchangesarenotstatic.

Keywords：

BusinessEnglish;NationalCulture;SemanticChange;SemanticComparisonbetweenEnglishandChinese

Contents

INTRODUCTION

ThesenseofEnglishwordhasdifferentmeansinvariousfields.“Bond”meanscombination,butitisplacedineconomicandtradeEnglishtoexpressthemeaningofcertificateofdebt.ThesemanticsofEnglishwordswillchangeallthetime.Peoplemisunderstandsomewords,butweputthewordinaspecificbusinesscontext.Itsmeaningchanged,thesemanticchangesinwordswillleadtounderstandingofwordwiththedeviation.

TherearethestudiesonEnglishwordsineconomicandtrade.Abriefdescriptionofthereasonsforthenewmeaningoftheword:

first,thebackgroundofdifferenttimesmaygivesomewordsnewmeaning;People'sideasaboutthings,theconnectionbetweenEnglishandChinesewordscausespeople'sassociation,andtheuniquenationalculturalpsychologyofassociationhasguidethedirectionofthedifferent,andthethingsofassociationarealsodifferent,thusthemeaningoftheintroductionofwordshasdifferent.

ThispaperexploresthereasonsforthesemanticchangeofcommonnounsineconomicandtradeEnglishandsummarizesthereasonsthroughthesemanticchangeofcommonnounsineconomicandtradeEnglish.Thisresearch’smethodistouseEnglish-ChinesemeaningcomparisonsothatpeoplecancorrectlyunderstandthecommonwordisverydifferentfromthetradetermsthroughtheformofsemanticcomparisonofEnglishandChinesewords（tables）.ThemeaningofordinaryEnglishvocabularyisnotsameasthatofbusinessEnglish.Finally,thecorrectunderstandingofthesemanticchangesoftnessofcommonsineconomicandtradeEnglishisinfluencedbycertainculturalfactors.

CHAPTERI

THEREASONSFORTHESEMANTICCHANGEOFCOMMONNOUNSINBUSSINESSENGLISH

1.1SocialDevelopmentandEconomicActivity

BusinessEnglishisaneffectiveskillintradeandbusinessactivitieswhichhaveaninteractionwithpeople.Itplaysanimportantroleintherelevanteconomicandtradecommunicationactivities.First,fromtheperspectiveofthesocialfunctionvariationoflanguage,economicandtradeEnglishismainlyusedbyproducers,agents,investors,etc.inthefieldofcross-culturalinternationaleconomicsandtrade.Itaimstocarryoutandcompletetherelevanteconomicandtradecommunicationactivitiesandhasspecificforms,expressionsandspeechrulesintermsofvocabularyandtextsSecond,EconomicandTradeEnglish,astheEnglishwithspecialpurpose,iscloselyrelatedtothechangesofinternationaleconomiccommunicationenvironment,languageusers’culturalbackground,andvocabularypragmaticsineconomicandtradeEnglish.ThesemanticchangesinvocabularyinvolvedinBusinessEnglisharealsoinfluencedbythethreefactorsmentionedabove.InBusinessEnglish,themeaningofcommonnounsisdifferentfromnounsweuseindailylife.Thereasonwhywordschangeistheinfluenceofsocialculture.Peopleandsocietyalsoareinteractingwitheachother.Simply,semanticchangeisthechangeofmeaningofaword.Inthehistoryandsocial,thestatusofEconomicandtradeEnglishisgettinghigherandhigher.Itisnecessarytousethelanguagesofothercountriestocommunicatewithpeopleintheworld.Confuciussaid:

Peoplearemerrytohavefriendscomingfromafar.Apartfrombodylanguage,peoplecommunicatesmoothlywitheachother.Languagecommunicationismoreimportant.Whencommunicationhappensamongcountriesfrequently,theculturalbackgroundofthecountrycannotbeignored.Socialevolutioncanpromotethedevelopmentofculture.Becauselanguageisthecarrierofculture,cultureisgoodfortheevolvingoflanguage.Fromfeudalismtosocialism,thechangeofsystemhasagreatinfluenceonChina.Chinaisasocialistcountry,ledbytheCommunistPartyofChina.AndChinahasuniquevalueandgoodthinkingwhichconformstosocialism.Throughsocialchangesandhistoricalprecipitation,thestategraduallyshowsthetraditionalfinehistoricalspiritandgoodqualityoftheChinesenation.LookingbackonthefeudalsocietyinChina,thereisapatriarchalsocialstructure.Themonarchyandtheministersystemareinsurmountable,andtheidentityofnoblesandciviliansisdifferent.Inthissocialbackground,people'shabitsandtraditionsinlifehaveastrictsystemeverywhere,sokinshipaddresswordscannotbeusedatwill.

Thesocialandhistoricaldevelopmentofthewestistakingplaceaccordingtoitsowntrack,thus,theresults,whichhavebeenshowndisparity.Individualismandfreedomofspeecharemoreimportantinwesternculture.Afterlong-termdevelopmentandnationalmigration,someplacehadmanylaborsandproductivityhadbeenincreased.Socialdevelopmentisconnectionwiththeeconomicevents.Somewordshadbeenaffectedbytheprogressofsocial.

Theuseoflanguagehasbeenimpactedbysocialchanges.ThisarticlehasexamplesofsemanticchangesbetweeneconomicandtradeEnglishandcommonEnglish.Thefirsttypeofchangeis“Theoriginalmeaningofthewordisretained,buttheextendedmeaningischangedtomoneyorsomethingcloselyrelatedtotheoriginalmeaning”（LiaoXianrongandXiaoYunnan63）.Forexample,incommonEnglish,thenoun“duty”means“responsibilityorobligation”inthesentence“Ourdutyistobealaw-abidingcitizen.”However,inthefollowingexamples,themeaningofdutyhaschanges.ThemeaningofthesecondsentenceistheprofessionalmeaningofeconomicandtradeEnglish.

1）.ItseemstomethatIhavebeenneglectingmyduty.

2）.Customdutiesarepaidoncommoditiesenteringthecountry,deathdutiesonthepropertywhentheownerdies,andstampdutywhenonesellsahouse.

Socialdevelopmentisinseparablefromawell-orderedsystem.Chinastipulatesthateveryonehasobligationsandpowers,thusitisnecessarytoabidebyobligationsandlawfullyenforcepowers.Inthefollowing1）,2）theexampleofthesentencesings"responsibility"and"tariff,tax".From"obligation"to"tariff,taxation"referstosteadyproceedingofsociety.Obligationisthelegalandmoralresponsibilityofeveryone.Creatingacivilizedsocietyiseveryone'sobligation.Taxationistosatisfythepublicneed,anditisalsothepricepeoplepayforacommunityofcivilization.Otherexampleistheword"trust"whichhasmeaning"tobelievesomething",itmeans"Ifyoubelievesomeonewithsomethingimportantorvaluable,youallowthemtolookafteritordealwithit".Theothermeaningis"trustinstitution".Theexamplesentences3）and4）belowrepresentthemeaningofthewordsusedinthegeneralcontextandtheeconomicandtradecontext,respectively.

3）