研究生英语前6单元练习答案.docx

研究生英语前6单元练习答案.docx

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研究生英语前6单元练习答案

研究生英语1-6单元练习答案（部分）

Unit1

Comprehension

l.Theessaymainlydiscussesthepurposeofeducation.Thecollegeeducationatitsbestshouldmovethestudentfromcompetencetocommitment.

2.Part2（para.3topara.14）:

Thecollegegraduatehascivicobligationstofulfill”and“Tofulfillthisurgentobligation,theperspectiveneededisnotonlynational,butglobal.’‘

Part3（para.15topara.17）:

Educationforwhatpurpose?

Competencetowhatend?

Part4（para.18topara.23）:

Theundergraduateexperienceatitsbestwillmovethestudentfromcompetencetocommitment.Butourabidinghopeiswithdeterminationandefforttheundergraduatecollegecanmakeadifferenceintheintellectualandpersonallivesofitsgraduates,inthesocialandcivicresponsibilitiestheyarewillingtoassume,andultimatelyintheirworldperspective.

3.Becausetheyaredevotingtheirenergiesonlytowhatseemsmostrealtothem.Theydon’tknowhowtodevotethemselvestothesociety,tootherpeople.Theydon’tknowwheretheyshouldputtheirfaithinthisuncertainage.

4.Anuncertainagemeansaperiodoftimewhichischangeableandinwhichthefutureisunknown.Ahard-edged,competitiveagemeansaperiodoftimeinwhichpeopleororganizationstryveryhardtobemoresuccessfulthanothers.（Open）

5.Becausetheyfeelaseriousconflictbetweengivingorgivingupforothers（service）andtryingtosatisfytheirownneedsanddesires.

6.Becausetheauthorthinksmancanpayattentiontothesocietyonlywhenheiscommitted,andhecanfindhisownvaluesonlywhenhesurpasseshimself.Sothemeasurementofthewillingnessofgraduatestobesociallyandcivicallyengagedwillleadtotheidealundergraduateeducationwhichreflectsitselfinloyaltiesthattranscendself.Boyerimpliesthatmancanonlyfindhimselfwhenhefocusesonsomethingbeyondself.Itisthroughbeingcommittedtoothers,society,etc.thattruesuccessisrecognizedandattained.Aliberaleducationshouldresultinapersonwhoactshumanely

7.Theauthor’sanswertothefirstquestionisNO,buttothesecondisYES.CollegegraduatesobviouslyhavecivicobligationstofulfillanditisurgentandnecessaryforAmericanteachingtohelpnarrowthedangerousandgrowinggapbetweenpublicpolicyandpublicunderstanding.

8.ThecitizensaretheAmericanpublic（nonspecialists）.Wecaninferfromthelasttwosentencesinpara.3thatmanspecialists”inthegovernmentfeelthattheaveragecitizenisnotcapableofmakingpolicydecisionsbecausesheorhedoesn’tevenunderstandtheterminologyusedinthedebateontheissues.

9.Theysuggestthattheverycomplexityofpublicliferequiresmoreinformationtobeprovidedandmoreparticipationincriticalthinkingtobeencouraged.

10.Itmeansthenumberofthepeoplewhounderstandpublicpolicyisdecreasing.Ifweletthedeclineinpublicunderstandinggounchallenged,wewillruntheriskofmakingcriticaldecisionsnotonthebasisofwhatweknow,butonthebasisofblindbeliefinoneoranothersetofself-acknowledgedexpertswhousuallycontrolpolicywiththeirlimitedperspective.Tochangethesituation,weshouldfindbetterwaystoeducateourselves,askhardquestionsandoffersatisfactoryanswers.

11.1）Weneedgroupsofwell-informed,caringindividuals.

2）Weneedconcernedpeoplewhoareparticipantsininquiry

3）Weneedaperspectivewhichisbothnationalandglobal.Thatis,today’sstudents

mustbeinformedaboutnotonlytheirownpeopleandculturebutalsopeoplesand

culturesdifferentfromtheirs.

12.Thelast“need”isdiscussedmostbecausetheauthorthinkstheworldhasbecomemorecrowded,moreinterdependent,andmoreunstable.Sotoday’sstudentsmustbeinformedaboutpeopleandculturesotherthantheirown.

Thediscussioncoverssixparagraphs（frompara.9topara.14）.Theproblemwithmanycollegesisthattheyareusedtofunctionasisolatedcommunitieswhichhavenothingtodowiththesocietyoutsidetheirwalls.Thoseinsidearesatisfiedtoliveintheirownworld.Iftheundergraduatecollegecannothelpstudentsseebeyondthemselvesandbetterunderstandtheinterdependentnatureofourworld,eachnewgenerationwillremainignorantandthehumancapacitytoliveconfidentlyandresponsiblywillbedangerouslydiminished.

13.Accordingtotheauthor,theproblemwithtoday’scollegeeducationisthatwhatisteachingmostsuccessfullyiscompetenceonlyinmeetingschedules,gatheringinformation,respondingwellontestsandmasteringthedetailsofaspecificfield.Thestudentsareonlyconcernedabouttheircreditsandcourses.Ifcollegeeducationgoesontikethis,themostdeeplyfeltissues,themosthauntingquestionsandthemostcreativemomentsarereducedtobecominglessimportant.Whatatragedyandwhatagreatmistakeitwouldbe.

141）AspectI:

Thestudentsshouldbecomeproficientintheuseofknowledge,acquireasolidbasiceducationandbecomecompetentinaspecificfield.

2）Aspect2:

Thestudentsmustbeinspiredbyalargervision,usingtheknowledgetheyhaveacquiredtodevotethemselvestothesociety,thecountryandtheworld.

3）Aspect3:

Thestudentsshouldbeencouragedtodevelopthecapacitytojudgewiselyinmattersoflifeandpersonalconduct.

15.Boththeneedforrigorousstudyinthedisciplinesandtheneedforjudgmentorthesearchforpurposefullifeobjectivesareimportant,andneithercanreplacetheother.Onlywithdeterminationandeffortcantheundergraduatecollegemakeadifferenceintheintellectualandpersonallivesofitsgraduates,intheirsocialandcivicresponsibilityandintheirworldperspective.Inshort,weshouldtryourbesttomovethestudentsfromcompetencetocommitment.

VocabularyandStructure

A

l.assess2.alliance3.outcome4.ethical5.identity6.ambiguous7.tolerabte8.particpates9.pursuitfO.constructive

B

1.atstake2.wereobliged3.aclimateof4.feelwell-equipped

5,beyondmygrasp6.cutback7.otherthan8,riseabove9.careabout‘10.Isbounded

C

l.incompetent,2.indulgence3.migrants4,probes5.complex.6.suspense;engaged7.compassionate;committed8.tolerant9.temptedIO.Interconnected

D

1.A.judgingfrom2,B.in/atwhich3.C.and4.D.believe5.A.isoneof/isthatof6.B.mustget7.C.likely8.D.unemployed9.C.aswellas/and10.B.simpler

E

l.what2.graduation3.intend4.getting5.eventually

6.survey.7.although8,graduates9.totransfer10.Rise

11.attending12.instead13,cause14.because15.realistic

16.below17.failure18.expectations19,confidence20.education

TranslateandWriting

A

阿诺德·汤恩比说过，一切进步，一切发展均来自于挑战及由此引起的反应。

没有挑战就没有反应，没有发展，没有自由。

所以，我们首先应该在我们孩子的能力所允许的范围内为他们开设要求最严格，最富有挑战性的课程。

我们可以向我们的孩子提供的第二个机会是允许他们有失败的权力。

德·纽伊写到：

“自由不仅是一种特权，也是一种考验。

”如果没有人可以失败，那它算什么考验，算什么自由呢？

美国可以向所有在高中读完四年课程而不管其是否取得任何收获的学生发放毕业文凭的日子已经一去不复返了。

我们现在生活在一个越来越小的世界里，我们必须对现实保持清醒的认识；而现实主义要求树立一个要么成功要么失败的标准。

这些话听起来很刺耳，但都是残酷的事实。

如果我们剥夺了孩子们失败的权力，实际上我们就剥夺了他们如实地认识世界的机会。

B

l.Today’suniversitystudentsarestrugglingtoestablishthemselves,buttheystillhaveambiguousfeelingsabouttheirfuture.

2.Amancannotrealizehisvalueswithoutfindingacenterbeyondhim.Sotheidealisticundergraduateexperiencemusthelpthestudenttranscendhimself

3.Weeagerlyhopethatthelessonslearnedintheuniversitywillrevealthemselvesinourperformanceintheworkplaceandfurthereducation.

4.Itcannotgounchallengedtosaythatthe4-yearundergraduateexperienceistheonlypathtosuccessinlife,

5.Weruntheriskofmakingcriticaldecisions,notonthebasisofwhatweknow,thefindingsofinvestigations,andthedataofexperiments,butonthebasisofblindfaithinprofessedexperts.

6.Ourtaskneedsalargegroupofwelt-informed,caringyoungpeoplewhocanbandtogetherlearnfromeachother,andactivelyparticipateinthefourmodernizations,

7.Ifitistoendure,thenewschoolshouldhelpthestudentsnotonlyacquireasolidbasiceducationandbecomecompetentinaspecificfield,butalsobereadytocommitthemselvestoothers.

8.Itisnottoomuchtosaythatifundergraduatesexcessivelydevotethemselvestoexaminations,theywillpushcompetenceandcommitmenttothefringes,

9.Ididn’tevenspeaktohim,muchlessdiscussthereconstructionofyourschoolwithhim.

10.Somepeoplethinkexaminationsaresecondtonone,butsomethinkexaminationshavealotofdisadvantages,Examinationsleaveusanopenessentialquestion–whatinfluencedoexaminationsexertoneducation?

Readingpractice

1.C2.A3,A4.D5.B

Unit2

Comprehension

A

1.BecauseAmericaisnowintheprocessofamassivewealthtransfermuchofwhichisintheformoffamily-ownedbusinesses.Theauthorsaregreatlyconcernedabouttheviabilityofthetransfer,

2.Becausemostofthetransferswillfailbecauseofthelackofacomprehensivesuccessionplan.

3.1）Planasuccessionmanagement.

2）Definefamilyemploymentpractices.

3）Establishandmaintainfamilyharmony

4）Plantheestate.

4.Para.3.TheauthorsbringupthereasonthatitusuallytakesatleastlOyearstoformapropercomprehensivesuccessionplanincludingsophisticatedestatemanagementstrategies.

5.Becausefamilybusinessownersarehighlymotivated,energetic,andusuallygoodatmorethanoneskillinmanagingabusiness.It’softendifficulttofindareplacementwithallthesameskills.

6.Organizationalchartscreatedbytheownersandkeysuccessorscanindicatethedifferencesinmanagementstructureanddrawattentiontomisunderstandingsanddifferencesinperception,thushelpingtheownerstoplanandformthebestmanagementteam.

7.Theycitethecase