中考英语阅读理解答题技巧+高频词汇.docx

中考英语阅读理解答题技巧+高频词汇.docx

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中考英语阅读理解答题技巧+高频词汇

中考英语“阅读理解”答题技巧+高频词汇

一、阅读的技巧

1、阅读时不要出声，养成快速阅读的好习惯，出声很拖节奏。

2、阅读时不要逐字阅读，要养成以意群为单位阅读的好习惯。

3、学会找关键词，关键句，关键句通常位于段落的开头或结尾，做好标记，不要来回找，浪费时间。

4、学会根据上下文猜测生词的词义。

二、答题的技巧

主旨题：

此类题大多数针对段落或文章的主题思想、标题或目的。

1.从文章出发：

文章主旨多在文章首尾段，每段首尾句。

善于梳理文章的主次关系，勾画出文章中心句子。

另外，一些表示转折的词语后面要格外注意，因为转折前是作者阐述的现象，而转折词之后才是作者自己的观点。

2.从选项出发：

四个选项一定是有主次关系的，一般其他三个选项都是文章片面的一点，错误选项的特点就是以偏概全。

结合文章大意，再认真研读四个选项，多半会发现选项中的主次关系。

细节题：

这类题是针对文章的细节设计的。

在阅读理解题中占据很大的比重，做好这类题是确保基础分的关键。

弄清细节，正确获取信息，也是把握文章主旨的前提。

细节题的做题方法主要是找关键词，有针对性地到文章中寻找细节，并结合选项。

在做细节题的时候，我都会让学生认真分析每一个选项，每一个选项都能利用关键词在文章中找到出处，每找到一处一定要在下面划线做标记，顺手在旁边标上这是哪一题的哪个选项；除此之外，一定要将三错误选项都勾画出错误的地方，这样才能保证你选择的那个是正确答案。

推断题：

在理解原文表面信息的基础上，做出判断和推理。

得出其隐含意义和深层意思。

考查对阅读材料全篇的逻辑关系的理解，对文章各段，各句之间的逻辑关系的理解能力。

凡是推断题一定不选原文信息的同义表述。

做这类题要依据作者所陈述的细节、事实以及作者的措词、态度和语气，找出能够表露作者思想倾向和感情色彩的词句，然后利用自己已获得的相关知识进行推理判断，从而得出符合逻辑的结论

三、词汇的积累

阅读理解中最困难的就是单词意思的推理。

很多同学不会结合上下文分析陌生单词，以下是初中英语高频词汇考察，注意多收集积累。

课后练习

THISyeartheUSMintwillhonoroneofthecountry’smostfamouswriters.

“MarkTwain”,thepennameofSamuelClemens（1835-1911）islovedbyAmericanreadersforhisnovelsTomSawyer（1876）andTheAdventuresofHuckberryFinn（1844）.

Nowheisgoingtohavehislifeandworkcommemorated（纪念）withspecialgoldandsilvercoins.

ButdoesTwainneedtobecommemorated?

Itdoesn’tseemlikepeopleintheUSwillforgethim.Twainoncejokedthatalack（缺少）ofmoneyistherootofallevil（邪恶）”butalackofmoneywithTwain’sfamousfaceonitwouldn’thavemadepeopleforgetabouthim.

TheAdventuresofHuckberryFinnisthoughttobehisgreatestworks.

MotherlessHuckFinnisayoungboywhoshowsthespiritoffreedom.ButitcouldbesaidthatHuck’sfreedomreallycomesfromHuckwantingtofly.WhenHuckgetsawayfromhisviolent（暴力的）father,heisn’treallylookingforfreedom,butsurvival.

It’sevenmoreofaproblemforaslave.Jim,theescaped（逃跑的）slavewhoHuckhelps,makesHuck’slifeseemevenbetter.It’seasiernottobeabletodealwithsomeonewhowantstoforceyoutogotoschoolthantohavetofightalawthatsaysyouareapieceofproperty（财产）.

HuckandJim’sfriendship,asshownbyMarkTwain,isoneofthegreatstoriesinAmericanliteraturebecauseitshowsawhitecharacter,Huck,whogetsanideaoftheAfricanAmericanexperience.

MarkTwainisfamousandwouldstillbefamouswithoutanyspecialcoins.Anyway,thecoinscouldbeareasontolookagainattheworkofawriterwhogotundertheskinoftheUSinthe19thcentury.

Withtheraceissue（种族问题） farfromdead intheUStoday,perhapsTwainstillhassomethingtoteachtoday’sreaders.

1.HowmanynovelsismentionedwrittenbyMarkTwaininthispassage?

A.OneB.TwoC.ThreeD.Four

2.Whyis TheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn consideredTwain’sgreatestworks?

A.Ittalksabouthowablackslaverunsawayfromhisviolentowner.

B.Itdescribesaneverlastingfriendshipbetweenpeopleofdifferentraces.

C.Itdescribesthesocialproblemthatalackofmoneyistherootofallevil.

D.IttalksaboutawhiteAmericanunderstandingtheAfricanAmericanexperience.

3.Accordingtothepassage,whichstatementisNOTtrue?

A.Huckgetsawayfromhisfatherforsurvival.

B.Jimescapesfromhisslaveownerforfreedom.

C.TwaindugdeeplyintoAmericansocietyofhistimes.

D.Withoutthespecialcoins,he’llprobablybeforgotten.

4.Theunderlinedphrase“farfromdead”probablymeans_______.

A.stillbeingthere.B.Becomingmoreserious.

C.Beingindanger.D.Goneforalongtime.

5.What’sthemainpurposeofthearticle?

A.Totellthestoryof TheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinn.

B.TotellreadersaboutthespecialcoinscreatedtohonorMarkTwain.

C.ToexplorewhytheUSstillremembersandhonorsMarkTwain.

D.Todrawreaders’attentiontothemanyraceissuesintheUStoday.

参考答案：

1B2D3D4A5C

Mobilephonehasbecomeaproblemformiddleschools.SomemiddleschoolsinAustraliahavebannedstudentsfromcarryingmobilephonesduringschoolhours.

Mobilephoneuseamongchildrenhasbecomeaproblemfortheschoolthisyear.SeveralchildrenhavegotmobilephonesasChristmasgifts,andmorestudentswillwantthem.

MaryBluett,anofficial,saidmobilephone’suseisadistractiontostudentsduringschoolhoursanditalsogivesteacherssomuchtroubleintheirclassrooms.Teacherswerealsosayingthatsometimesstudentsmightusephonemessagestocheatduringexams.

Shesaidsomeschoolshadtriedtobanmobilephones.Someparentsfeltunhappybecausetheycouldn’tgetintouchwiththeirchildren.

Manyteacherssaidstudentsshouldnothavemobilephonesatschool,butiftherewasagoodreason,theycouldleavetheirphonesatschooloffice.Theyalsosaidthereweremanyreasonswhythestudentsshouldnothavemobilephonesatschool:

theywereeasytoloseandwereadistractionfromstudies.

Manypeoplesaythattheyunderstandwhyparentswouldwanttheirchildrentohavephones,buttheythinkschoolsshouldletthestudentsknowwhentheycanusetheirmobilephones.

1.SomemiddleschoolsinAustraliahavebannedstudentsfromcarryingmobilephones___.

A．becausetheyarestudents

B．whentheyarefree

C．whentheyareatschool

D．becausetheyarechildren

2.Weknowfromthepassagethatsomechildrengetmobilephonesfrom____.

A．themakersandsellers

B．thepasser-byandstrangers

C．theirparentsandfriends

D．somemobilephoneusers

3.Whatdoestheunderlinedwordcheatmeaninthepassage?

A.聊天B.作弊C.查询D.核对

4.Someparentsfeltunhappybecausetheycouldn’t___duringschoolhours.

A．usetheirmobilephones

B．leavetheirmobilephonesatschooloffice

C．helptheteacherswiththeirwork

D．getintouchwiththeirchildren

5.Thepassagetellsusthat___.

A．studentsshouldn’thavemobilephonesatschoolexceptforsomespecialreasons

B．itisimpossibletobanstudentsfromusingmobilephoneatschool

C．someparentsfeltunhappybecausetheycouldn’tusetheirphonesatschool

D．parentsshouldteachtheirchildrenhowtousemobilephonesduringschoolhours

参考答案：

1C2C3B4D5A

Givingchildrenopportunitiestoreaddifferentkindsofliteratureisveryimportantfortheirsuccess.Teachers,parentsandcommunitymembersshouldhelpstudentsdevelopaloveforreading.Notonlyisreadingliteratureimportantindevelopingcognitive（认知的）skillstobeabletosucceedinaschoolorworksetting,

butitisvaluableforotherreasonsaswell.

First,children’sliteratureprovidesstudentswiththeopportunitytoreacttoliteratureanddeveloptheirownopinionsaboutthetopic.Greatliteraturedoesnottellthereadereverythingheorsheneedstoknow.Itallowsforsomedifferenceinopinion.Onereadermaytakesomethingcompletelydifferentthanthenextreader,becauseofdifferentwaysofthinkingandpersonalexperiences.Foryoungerchildren,wordlesspicturebooksareagoodchoice.ChildrenreadingawordlessbooklikeABallforDaisywillbeabletolookatthepicturesanddeveloptheirowndialogueforthestory.Thisalsohelpsthemtoformopinionsontheirown.

Second,children’sliteraturehelpsstudentsdevelopemotionalintelligence（情商）.Storieshavesuchpower.Forexample,abookthatencouragesemotionalintelligenceisSelma.Itdiscusseswhatittakesforayoungsheeptobehappyandchallengesstudentstothinkaboutwhathappinessreallyis.AndTheBigBoxisastoryaboutchildrenwholosetheirfreedomandthedeeperproblemswhenhavingnofreedom.Children’sliteratureencouragesstudentstothinkdeeperabouttheirownfeelings.

Finally,children’sliteratureencouragespersonalityandsocialdevelopment.Children’sliteraturecanhelpthembecomelessegocentric.Whenchildrenareyoung,theyfocusmainlyonthemselves.Astheygrowolder,theybegintoconsiderwhatotherpeoplewantandhowtheyfeel.Children’sliteraturehelpsthemdevelopintocaringandfriendlypeople.

Children’sliteraturecanencouragesocialdevelopmentbyencouragingstudentstoacceptotherpeopleandtheirdifferences.BookslikeMolly’sFamilyandDaddy’sRoommatepresentsituationsthatmightencouragestudentstobecomemoreopen-mindedtodifferenttypesoffamiliesandunderstandthatloveisthemostimportantthinginafamily.Literatureencouragesstudentstobeconsiderateandfriendlypeople,whichcanmakestudentsgoodcitizensforthesociety.

Children’sliteratureisvaluablebothatschoolandathome.Teachersandparentsshouldbothbeabletogivestudentsopportunitiestoreadthebestbookstoencouragetheseimportantvaluesofliteratureandhelpthecreationofresponsible,successful,andcaringpersons.

1.Whatdoestheword“egocentric”inParagraph4probablymean?

A.Readytoacceptdifferentopinions.B.Thinkingdeeperaboutone’sfeelings.

C.Caringaboutoneselfinsteadofothers.D.Beingcaring,considerateandfriendly.

2.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Studentsreadinggreatliteraturewillsucceedatschool.

B.Readers’understandingsaboutastorymaybeopposite.

C.Itischallengingtounderstandwhatfreedomreallyis.

D.Booksaboutfamiliesaregoodforsocialdevelopment.

3.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?

A.Totellchildrenhowtobesuccessfulatschoolandwork.

B.Toexplainwhychildren’sliteraturehassomanyvalues.

C.Tointroducethesocialimportanceofchildren’sliterature.

D.Toencourageadultstodevelopchildren’sloveforreading.

参考答案：

1.C2.B3.D