天津外研版八年级英语首字母填空含答案.docx
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天津外研版八年级英语首字母填空含答案
首字母填空做题技巧及精讲精练
总体准则
语法基础扎实熟练运用十大词类
把握全文主旨大意语境练习上下文关联把握
准确判断句型结构准确迅速判断空格处所缺的词性包括词义
准确掌握固定搭配以及重点句式句型
对初中阶段重点单词活学活用
此种题型属于能力测试的范畴,它考查的范围极广,可以是英语知识的方方面面,还可能涉及其它学科。
它要求考生在充分理解短文的基础上将单词拼写出来,并且单词形式合理,符合语法规范,符合短文需要。
这种试题的首字母已给,所填的就必须是该字母开头的单词。
这既是一种限制,又是一种提示.要做好此类题目,考生不但要有较强的语感,善于体会上下文的内在联系,而且要有扎实的语言知识储备和较大的词汇量。
首字母考查重点是名词、动词、形容词、副词和代词以及连词和介词这几大词类。
◆略读全文掌握大意
短文中虽有一些词未知,但不影响对文章主要内容的理解。
在初步阅读中,可以跳过空格,尽量捕捉文章所提供的内容信息,以及语法结构方面的提示,有助于下一步的分析与判断。
◆再读全文,理清脉络
通读全文、掌握大意后,还应逐字逐句地仔细阅读,从文意中找出句与文、句与句、词与句、词与词之间的关系,尤其是一些不易察觉的、隐含的微妙关系,用已知信息去获取未知信息,以便初步确定答案。
在答题过程中,同学们可以把有把握的词先填好,逐步减少空格对阅读造成的障碍,然后再仔细推敲剩下的难题。
◆仔细推敲,确保准确
词义判断正确了不等于答题正确,同学们还应从词法、句法、惯用法等方面考虑答案的准确性。
有的学生经过思考确定了一个意思正确的词作为答案,但忽略了从语法角度再进行验证,因而出现了一些与时态、人称等有关的词形变化的错误。
如果填的词是名词,首先要考虑到单、复数的问题;如果是动词,要考虑应使用什么时态和语态。
◆注意:
填入的词既能使句意通顺,又能做到语法、用词搭配的正确。
如bought易误答成buy;lights易误答成light;reaches易误答成reach;heavier易误答成heavy等。
因此,在初步确定答案后,一定还要反复考虑,仔细推敲,确保用词准确
◆复读全文,全面检查
答题完毕后复读全文,进行核查是必不可少的。
做完题后,一定要认真检查,尽量减少粗心所致的笔误或拼写错误,对有疑问的地方,更要根据文章的内容、上下文的语法结构、逻辑发展进行反复斟酌,这样才能尽量避免失分。
例题详解
Dogsaregoodpets.Theyareveryf 1 topeopleandalsoverybeautiful.Mostdogsgetonverywellwithc 2 andtheirparents.Othersaregoodwatch-dogsbecausetheycryloudlywhenas 3 arrives.
Whenyoubuyadog,animportantthingtothinkaboutisits s 4 ——buyasmalldogifyourhomeissmallandabiggeroneify 5 islarger.Manypeopledon’tknowhowmuchtofeedtheirdogs.Dogseata 6 anything!
Theylikemeat,riceandlotsofotherthings.Youcanbuylotsoffood m 7 fordogsinshops.Don’tletyourdogseattoomuch.Feeditonlyonceaday.Alwaysl 8 waterforyourdog.Itcangetthirstyveryquickly,especiallyins 9 .
Rememberthatdogsneede 10 .Youshouldtakeitforawalkeveryday.Don’tkeepyourdoginsideallday.
经典例题详解:
1.friendly.人们之所以把狗作为宠物来养,主要是因为它们比较通人性,且对人很友好,能给人们带来欢乐。
根据“beveryf 1 topeople”来分析,此空应填一个形容词,表明狗对人的态度。
friend是名词,friendly是形容词,故friendly是正确答案。
2.children.宠物狗自然是在家中养,它们除了听主人的话以外,与家中的小主人即孩子也是好朋友。
由于是指大多数家庭的情况,并受their一词的提示,此处应填“孩子”的复数形式,即children。
3.stranger.狗的天性是护家。
文中的watch-dogs意为“看家狗”,专门指有生人来时发出叫喊的狗。
“生人”在英文中即为stranger。
4.size.这个空略微有点难。
一是size一词平时用得较少,二是一般家庭都养小型犬,供狗活动的空间一般不成问题,因此,对狗的体积问题考虑的较少。
从后面的句子来看,此处是在谈狗的体积的问题——“如果你的家小,就买一只小狗;如果你的家大,就买一只大狗。
”
5.yours.这是一个名词性物主代词,代替上半句的yourhome。
此句完整的说法应是buyasmalldogifyourhomeissmallandbuyabiggeroneifyourhomeislarger.为避免词的重复使用,在英文句子中常用名词性物主代词代替前面的那个名词。
6.almost程度副词,有点难度,几乎狗吃任何东西。
7.made.过去分词做后置定语。
一定要会分析句子成分,弄清楚横线部分缺少什么词性做什么句子成分,这点很重要。
8.leave.留点水。
放点水准备给它喝。
9.summer.语境推敲,一般常识了解狗夏天爱热,要多喝水。
10.exercise语境上下文联系,狗需要做运动的。
后边这句话就是提示。
练习一
阅读短文,根据首字母提示填空,每空一词。
(10’)
MostAmericanfamiliesaresmallerthanthefamiliesino 81 countries.MostAmericanfamiliese 82 haveoneortwochildren.
C 83 intheUSwillleavetheirparents'homewhentheygrowup.Theyusuallylivefarf 84 theirparentsbecausetheywanttofindgoodjobs.Theyoftenw 85 totheirparentsortelephonethem.Andtheyoftengotovisittheirparentsonh 86 .
Parentsusuallylettheirchildrenchoosetheiro 87 jobs.Americansthinkitimportantforyoungpeopletodecideontheirlivesbythemselves.
Childrenareaskedtodosomeworkaroundtheirhouse.Andinmanyfamilies,childrenarepaid(付钱)ford 88 somehouseworksothattheylearnhowtomakemoneyfortheirownuse.
Doyouoftenhelpy 89 parentsdohousework?
Doyouwanttolivewithyourparentsw 90 yougrowup?
练习二. 根据短文内容及首字母提示,填写所缺单词。
(10’)
Loftonisalittlevillage(村庄)inEngland.Itisnotf__81___fromthecityofManchester.Notmanyfamiliesl__82___aroundthevillage,sothepeopleallknoweacho__83___.Mostofthemarefriendlyandhelpful.
ThoughtheirhomesareinLofton,manypeoplehavejobsinManchester.S__84__workinlargefactoriesthere.Afewworkinshopso___85___offices.Mostofthesepeoplegotoworkbytrain.Itusuallyt__86__abouthalfanhourtogofromLoftontoManchester.
IntheeveningalotofpeoplelikewatchingTV.Butiftheygotoseeafilmorgotoaconcert(音乐会),theyhavetogotoManchester,becausetherearen___87___cinemasinLofton.
Likemanyothervillagesneartownsorcities,itiscleanandquiet.SolifeinLoftonmaynotbesoe___88____asthelifeintheb___89___cities,butitcanbejustasinteresting.Thatisw___90__peopleinLoftonlovetheirvillage.
1.__________2.__________3.__________4.__________5.__________
6.__________7.__________8.__________9.__________10.__________
练习三.根据短文内容及首字母提示,填写所缺单词。
(10’)
OnedayIfoundalittlegirlsittingintheparksadly.Lotsofpeoplepassedbybutnevers 81 toseewhyshelookedsosad.AsIgotcloserIsawthatherb 82 hadastrangeshape.That’sahump(驼背)!
Perhapsthatwasther 83 whypeoplejustpassedbyandmakenoefforttohelp.Isatdownbesideherandsaid,“Hello!
”Thenshe,inalowvoice,said,“Hi.”Ismiledandshesmiledb 84 ,shyly.Thenwetalkedthereu 85 itgotdark.Iaskedthegirlwhyshewassosad.Shelookedatmeandsaidwithasadface,“Becauseofthehump.”
“But,youmakemet 86 ofanangel(天使),sweetandfriendly,”Isaid.Shelookedatmeandasked,“Really?
”Isaid,“Yes,Ithinkyouareanangelandyoucomeheretowatchoverallthosepeoplewalkingby.”Whensheh 87 this,thelittlegirljumpedup.“Iam!
I’manangel!
”Iwashappybecauseshewasnosadanym 88 .
Afterthat,mylifealsochanged.Ilearnedhowtos 89 bothhappinessandsadnesswithothers.Ibelievenowwegivesomethingtoothersinthes 90 waywegetthesame.
练习四
TherewasabigearthquakeundertheIndiaOceanAreao 81 December26th2004andit c 82 alargetsunami.Tsunamisaregreatseawavesproducedespeciallybyanearthquake.
ThatmorningmyclassmatesandIwenttotheseasideandhadbreakfastwhenweh 83 aloudnoiselikebombs.Peopleinthesearanw 84 tothebankands 85 ,‘Wateriscoming!
’Someonetoldustoruntoahigherplace.Weranasq 86 aswecould.
Sincewedidnotknowwhathappened,wewereveryf 87 .Welookedbackandsawat 88 picture.Thewaterwavesweresostrongthatcars weremadetofallupsidedownandthefloodw 89 awayeverythingontheseaside.
Weweresafebutthen 90 ofvictimswasover140,000.Peoplecalltheday‘BlackSunday’.
1.__________2.__________3.__________4.__________5.__________
6.__________7.__________8.__________9.__________10.__________
练习五
Manhasabigbrain.Hecanthinkands 76 languages.Scientistsoncethoughtthatmanisn’tthesameasanimalsb 77 mancanthinkandlearn.Theyknownowthatdogs,monkeysandbirdscanlearn,too.
Theyarebeginningtou 78 thatmenaredifferentfromanimalsbecausetheycanspeak.Animalscan’tspeak.Theymakemuchn 79 whentheyareafraid,orunhappy.Apes(猿)canlearnsomethingsmorequicklythanman.Oneortwoofthemhavelearnedafewwords.Buttheycannotjoinwordstomakes 80 .Theycannotthinkl 81 usbecausetheyhavenolanguage.Languageisawonderfulthing.Manhasbeena 82 tobuildamodernworldbecausehehaslanguage.Everychildcanspeakhisownlanguageveryw 83 whenheisfourorfive,b 84 noanimalslearntospeak.
Howdochildrenlearnit?
Scientistsdon’treallyknoww 85 happensinsideourbodywhenwespeak.Theyonlyknowthatmancanspeakbecausehehasabrain.
练习六
Fourteen–year-oldgirlDuBingziwaswalkingtowardsherhome.S 67 ,amanstoppedherandshouted,“Givemeyourmoney!
”
Du’shandswerec 68 bytheman.Butinonequickmovement,shetookbackherarmsandstartedtoscreamforattention.Themanranawaywithoutgettinganyofhermoney.
DuisastudentfromBeijingNo.25MiddleSchool.HerteacherChenHanhasstartedgivinghisstudentsan u 69 lesson:
self-protection.Luckily,Duhadjustlearnedhowtoescapefromana 70 ,apersonwhoplanstohurtsomeone.
Theschoolhastaughtself–protectionforfouryears.Duringthistime,about5,000studentshavelearnedtohowtoprotectt 71 .
Accordingto anewsurvey,students’ s 72 hasbecomeabigproblem.Nearly50%studentssaytheyareworriedaboutr 73 onthewaytoandfromschool.
Thisschoolisnottheonlyonetocareaboutstudents’safety.ManyotherschoolsinChinaalsohavelessons l 74 this.
StudentMaXiangsaid,“Ilearnhowtosavelivesandmostsuchcoursestellstudentshowtoavoid(避免) d 75 situations.”Studentspracticewhattodoiftheyareattackedbyabadperson.
Theyaretaughthowtosavelivesifsomeoneishurt.Theyalsolearnhowtowork t 76 andbuildteam-spirit.
1.__________2.__________3.__________4.__________5.__________
6.__________7.__________8.__________9.__________10.__________
提素能能力提升篇之习题精练
No.1根据短文内容及所给首字母提示写出所缺单词,并将完整单词写在对应题号的横线上。
Amanhadtwosons.Theyweretwins.Theywereb__1__atalmostthesametimeandlookedquitealike.Butinoneimportantway,theywereveryd__2___.
Oneofthemwasanoptimist(乐观主义者),whiletheo__3___wasapessimist(悲观主义者).Themanwasworriedabouthissons.Therearegoodandbadthingsinone'slife.Hedidn'twanthissonstobetoopessimisticortoooptimistic.HetoldhisbestfriendJohnsonaboutthisp__4____.
Johnsonwasamanofmanyideas.Thenheasked,“W__5___istheirnextbirthday?
"
Thefatherreplied,”It’sonWednesday.Theywillbetwelveyearsold.”“Excellent,”Johnsonsaid."Here'swhatyoushoulddo.Giveyourpessimisticsonareallyw__6___present.Giveyouroptimisticsonareallypoorpresent.Thatwillwork!
"
Thefatherdidashi