版英语名师讲练大一轮复习浙江专用人教版核心素养测评 九 必修2 Unit 4 Wildlife protection.docx

版英语名师讲练大一轮复习浙江专用人教版核心素养测评 九 必修2 Unit 4 Wildlife protection.docx

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版英语名师讲练大一轮复习浙江专用人教版核心素养测评九必修2Unit4Wildlifeprotection

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核心素养测评九

　必修2　Unit4　Wildlifeprotection

（限时35分钟）

Ⅰ.阅读理解

A

　　Microplasticsaresmallplasticpiecesthathaveaccumulatedinthemarine（海洋的）environmentfollowingdecadesofpollution.Thesepiecescancausesignificantissuesformarinecreaturesthatingestthem,includinginflammation（炎症）,reducedfeedingandweight-loss.Microplasticpollutionmayalsospreadfromorganismtoorganismwhenonecreatureiseatenbyothers.Sincethepiecescanbeboundtochemicalpollutants,theseassociatedpoisonscouldaccumulateinpredatorspecies.

　　Mesopelagic（海洋中层的）fishserveasafoodsourceforalargevarietyofmarineanimalsincludingswordfish,dolphins,sealsandseabirds.Typicallylivingatdepthsof200—1,000meters,thesefishswimtothesurfacetofeedatnightandthenreturntodeeperwaterduringtheday.Throughtheseuprightmovements,mesopelagicfishplayakeyroleinthecycleofcarbonandnutrientsfromthesurfacetothedeepsea—aprocessknownasbiogeochemicalcycle.Thismeanstheycouldspreadmicroplasticpollutionthroughoutthemarineecosystem,bycarryingmicroplasticsfromthesurfacedowntodeeperwater,affectingdeep-seaorganisms.

　　Toinvestigatethisfurther,researcherssetouttocatchfishinaremoteareaofthenorthwestAtlanticOcean.Theresearcherscaughtmesopelagicfishatvaryingdepths,andthenexaminedtheirstomachsformicroplasticsbackinthelab.Theyusedaparticularairfiltersoasnottointroduceplasticfibersintheairfromthelabenvironment.

　　Theteamfoundalotofmicroplasticsinthefish’sstomachs.Astheresearcherswereextremelycarefultoclearthepollution—fibersintheair,theywereconfidentthatthefishhadeatenthefibersintheseaallovertheworld.

　　Theresearchersplanfurtherstudiestolearnmoreabouthowthesefishingestandspreadmicroplastics.Itwillbeparticularlyinterestingtoseewhetherthefisheatthesemicroplasticsdirectlyasmistakenfoods,orwhethertheyeatthemthrougheatingotherspecies,whichhavepreviouslyeatenthemicroplastics.

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文。

研究发现,在大西洋西北部捕捞的海洋中层鱼类的胃中含有微塑料,受影响的鱼类可能会将微塑料扩散到整个海洋。

至于这些鱼是把微塑料当食物而误食,还是通过捕食吃了微塑料的其他物种才导致体内含有微塑料,还需要进一步研究。

1.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“ingest”inParagraph1mean?

A.Attack.　　　　　　B.Swallow.

C.Ignore.D.Avoid.

【解析】选B。

词义猜测题。

画线词后的them指的是上文中出现的Thesepieces（即smallplasticpieces）,再根据上下文语境并运用排除法可知B项正确。

2.WhatdoestheParagraph2mainlytalkabout?

A.Howdeep-seafishfeedthemselves.

B.Whymesopelagicfishareimportant.

C.Howmicroplasticsspreadtothedeepsea.

D.Howdangerousmicroplasticsaretothesea.

【解析】选C。

段落大意题。

根据第二段中的第三句和第四句可知,海洋中层鱼类在碳和营养物质从海洋表面到深海的循环过程中发挥着关键作用,也意味着它们可能会将微塑料污染扩散到整个海洋生态系统。

所以本段主要在讲微塑料是如何扩散到深海中的。

故选C。

3.Whatconclusiondidtheresearchersdrawfromthestudyonmesopelagicfish?

A.Fishintheremoteareaaresafetoeat.

B.Plasticfibersintheairmayenterfish’sstomachs.

C.Theyarepollutedbymicroplastics.

D.Mesopelagicfishliveatvaryingdepths.

【解析】选C。

推理判断题。

根据第四段中“theywereconfidentthatthefishhadeatenthefibersintheseaallovertheworld”可知,研究得出的结论:

海洋中层鱼类受到了微塑料的污染。

故选C。

4.Whatwillfurtherstudiesfocuson?

A.Inwhatwaymicroplasticsentermesopelagicfish’sstomachs.

B.Howseriouslymicroplasticsaffectseacreatures.

C.Whetherfishwithmicroplasticsharmhumans.

D.Howmicroplasticsspreadinthedeepocean.

【解析】选A。

细节理解题。

根据最后一段中的“Itwillbeparticularlyinteresting...througheatingotherspecies...eatenthemicroplastics.”可知,将进一步研究这些微塑料是通过什么方式进入海洋中层鱼类体内的:

是被误当作食物吃进去的,还是海洋中层鱼类吃了其他吃了微塑料的物种。

故选A。

B

　　Feedingbirdsisapopularwaytowatchwildlife.Butexpertssayitmightputwildbirdsatrisk.

　　Feedingbirdsisnotnecessaryfortheirsurvivalexceptinextremeweatherconditions.Feeders（喂食器）candefinitelyhelpbirdsgetthroughthatkindofweather.Butmostbirdseatinsectsandshowlittleinterestinbirdfeeders.Forthosebirds,wecangrownativeplantsinanaturalenvironment.Birdswhicharefondofeatingseedswillbemorelikelytocometofeedersifthereissomecovernearby.Thisletsthemfeedandthenflytoprotectiveareas,suchasintrees.

　　Themostcommonmistakepeoplemakewiththeirbirdfeedersisthattheyputfeedersinplaceswherebirdsareeasilyfrightenedbypassers-by,riskbeinghurtbycats,orriskflyingintowindows.

　　Sosetupabirdfeederatleastonemeterawayfromawindow.Thatway,ifabirdgetsfrightened,itwon’tgetkilledwhenithitstheglass.Ownersofcatsshouldkeeptheminsidehomesotheycan’thurtthebirds.

　　Somebirdsaremoreaggressiveatfeeder.Theyeatalotanddonotleavemuchfoodforotherbirds.Asolutionistoputthefoodinmorethanoneplacebyusingdifferentkindsofseedsorfruit.Thiscanalsoincreasethenumberanddiversityofbirdsinyourneighborhood.Butdon’tfeedwildbirdsanythingsalty,likepotatochips,orfoodthatcouldchokethem,likebread.

　　Payattentiontofoodqualityandfreshness.Unprotectedfoodlefttoolonginfeederswillturnmoldy（发霉）,whichcankillwildlife.

　　Anotherwordofadvice:

alwaysprovideasupplyofcleanwaterforbirds,butusecarewhenlookingfortherightbirdbath.Ifthebirdbathsaretoodeepforbirds,puttingafewlargestonesinthewatercangivethebirdsaplacetosit.

【文章大意】本文是一篇说明文,人们在喂鸟的时候无意中会给鸟儿带来危险,文章具体解释了这些危险并提出了安全喂鸟的建议。

5.What’sthemostcommonmistakeaboutfeedingbirds?

A.Puttingfeedersinimproperplaces.

B.Providingfoodininappropriatetime.

C.Leavingfeedersunprotected.

D.Supplyingdirtyanddeepwater.

【解析】选A。

细节理解题。

根据第三段“Themostcommonmistakepeoplemakewiththeirbirdfeedersisthattheyputfeedersinplaceswherebirdsareeasilyfrightenedbypassers-by,riskbeinghurtbycats,orriskflyingintowindows.”可知人们在喂鸟的时候,最常见的错误是把喂鸟器放在错误的地方,这样给鸟儿带来了很多危险。

故A项正确。

6.WhichofthefollowingmayNOTbesuitableforfeedingbirds?

A.Seeds.　B.Bread.　C.Fruit.　D.Insects.

【解析】选B。

细节理解题。

根据倒数第三段“Butdon’tfeedwildbirdsanythingsalty,likepotatochips,orfoodthatcouldchokethem,likebread.”可知作者建议人们不要喂给鸟儿薯条和面包,因为这些食物不适合喂鸟。

故B项正确。

7.Theauthoradviseshelpingmorebirdsby______. 

A.increasingthenumberoffeeders

B.cleaningthebirdswithcleanwater

C.puttingmorelargestonesinthefeeders

D.keepingaggressivebirdsawayfromthefeeders

【解析】选A。

推理判断题。

根据第五段“Asolutionistoputthefoodinmorethanoneplacebyusingdifferentkindsofseedsorfruit.”可知作者建议我们把食物放在多个地方,并提供不同种类的食物。

这样做,自然是要增加喂鸟器的数量。

故A项正确。

8.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Problemswithbirdfeeding.

B.Wheretoplacebirdfeeders.

C.Popularwaysofprotectingwildbirds.

D.Howtofeedwildbirdssafelyandhealthily.

【解析】选D。

主旨大意题。

根据第一段“Feedingbirdsisapopularwaytowatchwildlife.Butexpertssayitmightputwildbirdsatrisk.”可知本文主要讲述的是喂鸟会给鸟儿带来一定的危险;第三段介绍了具体的危险,后四段提出具体的安全喂鸟的建议。

故D项“Howtofeedwildbirdssafelyandhealthily.”符合本文中心思想,故选择D项。

【知识拓展】长难句分析

Themostcommonmistakepeoplemakewiththeirbirdfeedersisthattheyputfeedersinplaceswherebirdsareeasilyfrightenedbypassers-by,riskbeinghurtbycats,orriskflyingintowindows.

分析:

本句主要结构:

Themistakeis...;“peoplemakewiththeirbirdfeeders”是定语从句,省略了关系词that/which;is后面全是that引导的表语从句;表语从句中的where引导定语从句,这个定语从句中含有三个并列谓语。

翻译:

人们在喂鸟器上犯的最常见的错误是把喂鸟器放在了鸟很容易被路人吓着的地方,有被猫伤害的风险,或者有飞进窗户的风险。

Ⅱ.完形填空

InMarchof2019,PeterTabichi,a36-year-oldteacherfromaremotevillageinKenya,wasvotedthebestteacherintheworldoutof10,000applicantsandwonVarkeyFoundation’sGlobalTeacherPrizeof$1million.

　　Forthepast12years,Tabichihasworkedasamathandscienceteacherhopingthathislessonswillgivestudentsachanceto　1　theirsituations.However,workingataSecondarySchoolinaremotevillageinKenyahasn’tbeen　2　.TheschoolonlyhasonecomputerandunreliableInternet　3　.Asaresult,heisoftenforcedtotraveltoacybercafetodownload　4　forhisscienceclasses.Theschoolalsohasnolibraryorlaboratory.Tomakemattersworse,therearenotenough　5　forallthestudents. 

　　Unfortunately,thesemi-arid（半干旱的）villageexperiencesdroughtsandfamines　6　.“Mostofthestudentscomefromverypoorfamilies.They’renotableto　7　becausetheyhaven’thadenoughmealsathome,”Tabichisaid.Thus,healsoteachesstudentsandlocalsaboutfamine-resistant　8　.Tohelpthoseinpovertyaffordfood,uniforms,andbooks,he　9　80percentofhissalary. 

　　Oneoftheothermajor　10　thatTabichifacesistryingtokeepkidsinschoolaslongaspossible.AccordingtoTabichi,95percentofhisstudentsliveinpovertyandaround30percentareeitherorphansorarebeing　11　bysingleparents.Asaresult,kidsareeasyto　12　outofschool. 

　　Withgreatefforts,hehasalso　13　tosetupscienceclubs,addressedfoodinsecurityissues,andhelpedbring　14　betweenseveralethnicgroupsandreligions.　15　histirelesswork,hisstudentshave　16　forthe2019INTELInternationalScienceandEngineeringFairinArizona,USA.Hesaid,“I’m　17　ofmystudents.Welackfacilitiesthatmanyschools　18　forgranted,soasateacher,Ijustwanttohavea　19　impactnotonlyonmycountrybutonthewholeofAfrica.” 

　　Tabichiplanstousetheprizemoneytoimprovetheschoolandfeedthe　20　.Healsohopeshisaccomplishmentwillinspireotherstopushpastalltheobstacles. 

【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文。

文章叙述了一位来自肯尼亚一个偏远村庄的36岁教师PeterTabichi的故事。

2019年3月,在10000名申请者中他被评为全球最佳教师,并获得了Varkey基金会100万美元的全球教师奖金。

1.A.check　B.control　C.improve　D.realize

【解析】选C。

Tabichi在学校是一位数学和科学老师,他希望他的课程能给学生一个改善（improve）他们的境况的机会。

2.A.normalB.easyC.