高考全国卷Ⅲ英语试题解析.docx
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高考全国卷Ⅲ英语试题解析
2019年高考全国卷Ⅲ英语试题解析
第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
A
OPENINGSANDPREVIEWS
AnimalsOutofPaper
Yolo！
ProductionsandtheGreatGriffonpresenttheplaybyRajivJoseph,inwhichanorigami（折纸术）artistinvitesateenagetalentandhisteacherintoherstudio.MerriMilwedirects.Inpreviews.OpensFeb.12.（WestParkPresbyterianChurch,165W.86thSt.212-868-4444.）
TheAudience
HelenMirrenstarsintheplaybyPeterMorgan,aboutQueenElizabethIIoftheUKandherprivatemeetingswithtwelvePrimeMinistersinthecourseofsixtyyears.StephenDaldrydirects.AlsostarringDylanBakerandJudithIvey.PreviewsbeginFeb.14.（Schoenfeld,236W.45thSt.212-239-6200.）
Hamilton
Lin-ManuelMirandawrotethismusicalaboutAlexanderHamilton,inwhichthebirthofAmericaispresentedasanimmigrantstory.ThomasKaildirects.Inpreviews.OpensFeb.17.（Public,425LafayetteSt.212-967-7555.）
OntheTwentiethCentury
KristinChenowethandPeterGallagherstarinthemusicalcomedybyBettyComdenandAdolphGreen,aboutaBroadwayproducerwhotriestowinamoviestar’sloveduringacross-countrytrainjourney.ScottEllisdirects,forRoundaboutTheatreCompany.PreviewsbeginFeb.12.（AmericanAirlinesTheatre,227W.42ndSt.212-719-1300.）
21.WhatistheplaybyRajivJosephprobablyabout?
A.Atypeofart.B.Ateenager’sstudio.
C.Agreatteacher.D.Agroupofanimals.
22.WhoisthedirectorofTheAudience?
A.HelenMirren.B.PeterMorgan.
C.DylanBaker.D.StephenDaldry.
23.WhichplaywillyougotoifyouareinterestedinAmericanhistory?
A.AnimalsOutofPaper.B.TheAudience.
C.Hamilton.D.OntheTwentiethCentury.
【答案】21.A22.D23.C
【21解析】
细节理解题。
根据话剧AnimalsOutofPaper中的ProductionsandtheGreatGriffonpresenttheplaybyRajivJoseph,inwhichanorigami（折纸术）artistinvitesateenagetalentandhisteacherintoherstudio.可知，RajivJoseph创作的的话剧是关于折纸的一种艺术。
故选A。
【22解析】
细节理解题。
根据话剧TheAudience的StephenDaldrydirects.可知，本剧是StephenDaldry导演的。
故选D。
【23解析】
细节理解题。
根据音乐剧Hamilton的Lin-ManuelMirandawrotethismusicalaboutAlexanderHamilton,inwhichthebirthofAmericaispresentedasanimmigrantstory.可知，该剧的主题是美国的诞生，由此可知，如果你对美国历史感兴趣，你可以看这部音乐剧。
故选C。
B
ForWesterndesigners,ChinaanditsrichculturehavelongbeenaninspirationforWesterncreative.
“It’snosecretthatChinahasalwaysbeenasource（来源）ofinspirationfordesigners,”saysAmandaHill,chiefcreativeofficeratA+ENetworks,aglobalmediacompanyandhometosomeofthebiggestfashion（时尚）shows.
Earlierthisyear,theChinaThroughALookingGlassexhibitioninNewYorkexhibited140piecesofChina-inspiredfashionableclothingalongsideChineseworksofart,withtheaimofexploringtheinfluenceofChineseaesthetics（美学）onWesternfashionandhowChinahasfueledthefashionableimaginationforcenturies.Theexhibitionhadrecordattendance,showingthatthereishugeinterestinChineseinfluences.
“Chinaisimpossibletooverlook,”saysHill.“Chinesemodelsarethefacesofbeautyandfashioncampaignsthatselldreamstowomenallovertheworld,whichmeansChinesewomenarenotjustconsumersoffashion—theyarecentraltoitsmovement.”Ofcourse,notonlyaretoday’stopWesterndesignersbeinginfluencedbyChina—someofthebestdesignersofcontemporaryfashionarethemselvesChinese.“VeraWang,AlexanderWang,JasonWuaretakingonGalliano,Albaz,MarcJacobs—andbeatingthemhandsdownindesignandsales,”addsHill.
ForHill,itisimpossiblenottotalkaboutChinaastheleadingplayerwhendiscussingfashion.“ThemostfamousdesignersareChinese,soarethemodels,andsoaretheconsumers,”shesays.“Chinaisnolongerjustanothermarket;inmanysensesithasbecomethemarket.Ifyoutalkaboutfashiontoday,youaretalkingaboutChina—itsinfluences,itsdirection,itsbreathtakingclothes,andhowyoungdesignersandmodelsarefinallyacknowledgingthatinmanyways.”
24.WhatcanwelearnabouttheexhibitioninNewYork?
A.Itpromotedthesalesofartworks
B.Itattractedalargenumberofvisitors.
C.ItshowedancientChineseclothes.D.ItaimedtointroduceChinesemodels.
25.WhatdoesHillsayaboutChinesewomen?
A.Theyaresettingthefashion.B.Theystartmanyfashioncampaigns.
C.Theyadmiresupermodels.D.Theydobusinessallovertheworld.
26.Whatdotheunderlinedwords“takingon”inparagraph4mean?
A.learningfromB.lookingdownonC.workingwithD.competingagainst
27.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?
A.YoungModelsSellingDreamstotheWorld
B.AChineseArtExhibitionHeldinNewYork
C.DifferencesBetweenEasternandWesternAesthetics
D.ChineseCultureFuelingInternationalFashionTrends
【答案】24.B25.A26.D27.D
【24解析】
细节理解题。
根据第三段中Theexhibitionhadrecordattendance,showingthatthereishugeinterestinChineseinfluences.可知，此次展览吸引的参观者人数创下了记录，显示出人们对中国影响的浓厚兴趣。
故选B。
【25解析】
细节理解题。
根据第四段中Hill所说的话“Chinesemodelsarethefacesofbeautyandfashioncampaignsthatselldreamstowomenallovertheworld,whichmeansChinesewomenarenotjustconsumersoffashion—theyarecentraltoitsmovement.”（中国模特是向世界各地的女性推销梦想的美丽和时尚运动的面孔，这意味着中国女性不仅仅是时尚的消费者——她们是这场运动的核心。
）可知，Hill说中国女性正在引领新时尚，故选A。
【26解析】
词义猜测题。
根据下文andbeatingthemhandsdownindesignandsales说在设计和销售上击败他们，由此推断出上文VeraWang,AlexanderWang,JasonWuaretakingonGalliano,Albaz,MareJacobs的意思是VeraWang、AlexanderWang和JasonWu正在与Galliano、Albaz和MareJacobs竞争。
takingon意思是“竞争”，故选D。
【27解析】
主旨大意题。
本文通过AmandaHill的评论，论述了中国文化、中国艺术、中国设计师等等在国际时尚中发挥着非常重要的作用。
因此，“中国文化刺激着国际时尚的发展和潮流”最能概括文章大意。
故选D。
C
Beforethe1830s,mostnewspapersweresoldthroughannualsubscriptionsinAmerica,usually$8to$10ayear.Today$8or$10seemsasmallamountofmoney,butatthattimetheseamountswereforbiddingtomostcitizens.Accordingly,newspaperswerereadalmostonlybyrichpeopleinpoliticsorthetrades.Inaddition,mostnewspapershadlittleinthemthatwouldappealtoamassaudience.Theyweredullandvisuallyforbidding.Buttherevolutionthatwastakingplaceinthe1830swouldchangeallthat.
Thetrend,then,wastowardthe“pennypaper”—atermreferringtopapersmadewidelyavailabletothepublic.Itmeantanyinexpensivenewspaper;perhapsmoreimportantlyitmeantnewspapersthatcouldbeboughtinsinglecopiesonthestreet.
Thisdevelopmentdidnottakeplaceovernight.Ithadbeenpossible（butnoteasy）tobuysinglecopiesofnewspapersbefore1830,butthisusuallymeantthereaderhadtogodowntotheprinter’sofficetopurchaseacopy.Streetsaleswerealmostunknown.However,withinafewyears,streetsalesofnewspaperswouldbecommonplaceineasterncities.Atfirstthepriceofsinglecopieswasseldomapenny—usuallytwoorthreecentswascharged—andsomeoftheolderwell-knownpaperschargedfiveorsixcents.Butthephrase“pennypaper”caughtthepublic’sfancy,andsoontherewouldbepapersthatdidindeedsellforonlyapenny.
Thisnewtrendofnewspapersfor“themanonthestreet”didnotbeginwell.Someoftheearlyventures（企业）wereimmediatefailures.Publishersalreadyinbusiness,peoplewhowereownersofsuccessfulpapers,hadlittledesiretochangethetradition.Ittookafewyouthfulanddaringbusinessmentogettheballrolling.
28.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesnewspapersinAmericabeforethe1830s?
A.Academic.B.Unattractive.C.Inexpensive.D.Confidential.
29.Whatdidstreetsalesmeantonewspapers?
A.Theywouldbepricedhigher.B.Theywoulddisappearfromcities.
C.Theycouldhavemorereaders.D.Theycouldregainpublictrust.
30.Whowerethenewspapersofthenewtrendtargetedat?
A.Localpoliticians.B.Commonpeople.
C.Youngpublishers.D.Richbusinessmen.
31.Whatcanwesayaboutthebirthofthepennypaper?
A.Itwasadifficultprocess.B.Itwasatemporarysuccess.
C.Itwasarobberyofthepoor.D.Itwasadisasterforprinters.
【答案】28.B29.C30.B31.A
【28解析】
细节理解题。
根据第一段中的Inaddition,mostnewspapershadlittleinthemthatwouldappealtoamassaudience.Theyweredullandvisuallyforbidding.可知，在19世纪30年代之前，只有大多数报纸中几乎没有能吸引大众的内容，让人感觉无聊，视觉上令人望而却步。
故那时的报纸没有什么吸引力。
分析选项，A.Academic学术的；B.Unattractive没有吸引力，无魅力的；C.Inexpensive廉价的，不贵的；D.Confidential机密的，保密的。
故A、C和D是错误的，只有B符合对19世纪30年代之前的报纸的描述，故选B。
【29解析】
推理判断题。
根据第二段提到“便士报纸”针对大众，很便宜，更重要的是，在街上可以买的到报纸；再结合第三段中间的withinafewyears,streetsalesofnewspaperswouldbecommonplaceineasterncities.可知，报纸的街头销售随处可见，而且很便宜，大家都负担得起，所以街头销售意味着读报纸的人多了。
故选C。
【30解析】
细节理解题。
根据第二段中的Thetrend,then,wastowardthe“pennypaper”—atermreferringtopapersmadewidelyavailabletothepublic.可知，这种“便士报纸”针对大众，在街上就可以买得到。
故选B。
【31解析】
推理判断题。
根据最后一段中Thenewtrendofnewspapersfor‘themanonthestreet’didnotbeginwell.Someoftheearlyventureswereimmediatelyfailures.Publishersalreadyinbusiness,peoplewhoownersofsuccessfulpapers,hadlittledesirestochangethetradition.Ittookafewyouthfulanddaringbusinessmentogettheballrolling.可知，“便士报纸”一开始并不好，一些早期的尝试立即失败了。
已经进入商业领域的成功的出版商，并不想改变这一传统。
后来一些年轻而大胆的商人才推动了这件事。
由此可推断出“便士报纸”的诞生是一个困难而曲折的过程。
故选A。
D
Monkeysseemtohaveawaywithnumbers.
AteamofresearcherstrainedthreeRhesusmonkeystoassociate26clearlydifferentsymbolsconsistingofnumbersandselectiveletterswith0-25dropsofwaterorjuiceasareward.Theresearchersthentestedhowthemonkeyscombined—oradded—thesymbolstogetthereward.
Here’showHarvardMedicalSchoolscientistMargaretLivingstone,wholedtheteam,describedtheexperiment:
Intheircagesthemonkeyswereprovidedwithtouchscreens.Ononepartofthescreen,asymbolwouldappear,andontheothersidetwosymbolsinsideacirclewereshown.Forexample,thenumber7wouldflashononesideofthescreenandtheotherendwouldhave9and8.Ifthemonkeystouchedthele
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