人教版英语必修五第四单元知识点doc.docx
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人教版英语必修五第四单元知识点doc
U4(BX5)
1.occupationn.(job,profession)
Pleasestateyourname,ageand~.
用法:
occupyv.
Readingoccupies(takesup)mostofmyfreetime阅.读占去了我空闲时间的大部分。
Thebathroomisoccupied.浴室有人在用。
~oneself(indoingsth/withsth)
——keeponeselfbusy(doingsth/withsth)
忙着(做某事);忙(于某事物)
=beoccupied(indoingsth/withsth.)
He’soccupiedinlookingafter/withthreesmallchildren.
byoccupation
Heisabusdriverbyoccupation他.的职业是公车司机
profession-professional-professor
byprofession就职业来说
Idon’tknowwhatprofessionwouldsuitme.
Heisalawyerbyprofession.
Forprofessionalfootballers,injuresareanoccupationalhazard.
suppose表示“猜想;认为”之意,相当于think或guess,常见用法有:
1.后接宾语从句。
如:
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Johnsupposedthathecouldfindsomecoinssoon.
Idon'tsupposeshewillagreewithus,willshe?
2.后接名词或代词+不定式(不定式为tobe时常可省略)。
如:
Weallsupposehim(tobe)anexpertinthisfield.
3.与believe,think,guess,expect等一样,后接so或not,后面省略了宾语部分。
如:
—Willhecomewithus?
他会跟我们来吗?
—Yes,Isupposeso.我想会的。
—Willitraintomorrow?
明天会下雨吗?
—No,Isupposenot/Idon'tsupposeso.我想不会。
4.与believe,think,guess,expect一样,可构成复杂特殊疑问句(特殊疑问词+doyousuppose+宾语从句的其它部分)。
如:
①Whendoyousupposetheywilltaketheexam?
你认为他们什么时候考
试?
②Whodoyousupposeturneduplastnight?
你认为昨晚谁来过?
5.suppose或supposing放在句首,表条件,引导状语从句,相当于if或in
case等。
如:
①Suppose/Supposingthecarbreaksdown,whatshallwedo?
万一车子抛锚,我们怎么办?
②Suppose/Supposingtheydidn'tbelieveit,howshouldwetrytopersuadethem?
6.suppose+宾语从句可用来表建议,意为“怎么样?
”或“何不?
”。
如:
①Supposewegoforapicnictomorrow.我们明天去野餐怎么样?
②Supposeweputoffthemeeting.我们把会议推迟吧。
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7.besupposedto...意为“应该”;“被期望”,它可以用来表示劝告、建议、义务、责任等,相当于情态动词should。
e.g:
Everyoneissupposedtowear
aseat-beltinthecar.每个人在汽车里都应该系安全带。
Teachersaresupposedtotreatallthestudentsalike老.师应该对所有的学生一视同仁。
besupposedto后面接“have过+去分词”时,或was/were+supposedtodo表示“本应该做某事而没做”。
如:
Youaresupposedtohavehandedinyourhomeworkbynow现.在你应该已经把作业交上来了。
Heissupposedtohavearrivedanhourago他.应该一小时前就到了。
Weweresupposedtobehereat8.00,butwearelate.
3.NeverwillZhouYangforgethisfirstassignmentattheofficeofapopularlocalnewspaper.这里是倒装(Inversion),此句的正常句序是:
ZhouYangwillneverforget
hisfirstassignmentattheofficeof.
注意:
当一些否定词,如:
never,little,hardly,scarcely,seldom,not,notonly,no
sooner(than刚就)放在句首时,句子部分倒装,即句序为:
否定词+助动词+
主语+谓语
Maybeyouhavebeentomanycountries,butnowhereelsecanyoufind(你能找到)suchabeautifulplace.
IfinallygotthejobIdreamedabout.NeverinmylifehadIfelt(我感到)sohappy.
Only+状语放在句首,部分倒装
Onlyinabigcitywasitpossibletobuyanewwheelchair.
Onlybyseizingeveryminutecanwefinishitontime.
Onlythendidwerealizethatthemanwasblind.
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Onlywhenhisdreamcomestruedoesshefeelrelieved.
OnlyMikehasgottheinvitation.
Only修饰其他成分,如主语不引起倒装
4.Hisdiscussionwithhisnewboss,HuXin,wastostronglyinfluencehislifeasajournalist.beto+动词原形,这里表示将来的时态,有注定的意味。
Hiscontinuouseffortistomakehimasuccessfulman(.注定)
Youaretobebackbefore10pm.(必须)
Theletteristobehandedtohiminperson.(必须)
Whenareyoutoleaveforhome?
(按计划或安排要做)
Sheistobemarriednextmonth.(按计划或安排要做)
Youaretoreporttothepolice.(应该)
Youarenottosmokeinthisroom.=Youarenotsupposedtosmokeinthisroom.
(应该)Ifwearetobetherebeforeten,we’llhaveto(想go,now打算.)
Suchbooksaretobefoundinthelibrary.(可能性)
Ifitweretoraintomorrow,thesportsmeetingwouldbeputoff.
(用于“ifwereto,do表示”虚拟语气)
was/weretohavedone,表示“本打算”、“本计划”或“本应当”做的事而没有做成或没有发生。
Weweretohavetoldyou,butyouwerenotin.
<短语>
haveabad,good,beneficial,harmful,influencewith/on对...有影响
undertheinfluenceof在影响下
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5.ButLondonhasbeeninfluencedonlybysomeinvadersofEngland但.是伦敦仅受一些入侵者的影响。
influencevt.&n.影响,感化,影响力
Thebookhadagreatinfluenceonhislife.
Undertheinfluenceofmyfriend,Iboughtaredcoat.
Myteacher’sinfluencemademestudyscienceatcollege.
Heisamanofinfluenceinthecity.
Myteacherinfluencedmydecisiontostudyart.
Theweatherinfluencescrops.
affect&influence意义相近
affect一般指生理/物质上的改变
influence较多用于指感觉/态度上的改变
e.g.1)Drinkingcanaffectyourabilitytodrive.
2)TheTVadvertisementshaveinfluencedmyattitudetowardsdrinkinganddriving.
6.delightn.&v.愉快,乐趣,快乐
toone’sdelight令感到愉快的是
takedelightinsth/doingsth乐于,爱好
delightsb.withsth.用某物使某人高兴
delightin喜欢,嗜好
delightedadj.
bedelightedtodo
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Thekidsrusheddowntothebeachwith/indelight.高兴地
Tomysecretdelight,Sarahannouncedthatshewasleaving令.某人暗自高兴
Tomtakesgreatdelightinmakingfunofhissister.=delightsin喜欢以为乐趣
Theteacherdelighteduswithhishumor.
Therearesomanydelightsintravels.
1)Itookdelight_in_books.
2)_To_hisdelight,hepassedthedrivingtest.
3)Shedelights_in_beingsurroundedbyadmirers.Fillintheblankswithin/to:
7.gooutonastory/coverastory.
1).Shewassenttocovertheevent报.道,采访
2).Theroadwascoveredwithsnow覆.盖
3).Shelaughedtocoverherworry遮.盖
4).Theredarmycoveredabout30milesaday走.完多少里路
5).Isthemoneyenoughtocoverthecostofanewshirt?
(钱)够支付
6).Hislecturecoveredthesubjectthoroughly.v.包括,涉及
8.Waittillyouaremoreexperienced.等你积累一些经验了才行.
experiencedadj.有经验的,熟练的,有见识经验丰富的常与介词in或at连用
Anexperienceddoctor
Heisexperiencedin/atbargaining.
CN经历,经历的事情
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UN经验,体验
Thatwasanunpleasantexperience.
Hehadn’tenoughexperienceforthejob.
2)n.experience
1)v.经历,体验
Ourcountryhasexperiencedgreatchanges.
9.eager---eagerlyadv渴.望地,热切地
beeagerfor/aboutsth.渴望,很想
beeagertodosth.渴望做某事
Studentsareeagerfornewknowledge.学生们渴望知识
Iameageraboutprogress我.渴望进步
Sheiseagertovisitherboss她.急于去看她的老板
eagernessn.热切,渴望
10.assistvt./vi..援助,帮助;
assistancen.assistantn.
assist(sb)todosth=assist(sb)indoing
assistsbwithsth.=helpsbwithsth帮某人做某事
e.gThesemeasuresweredesignedtoassistpeoplewithdisabilities.
Youwillberequiredtoassisthiminpreparingareport.
Thisprogramassistsyoungpeopletofindwork.
11.concentratev.集中,聚集
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concentrationn.集中,集合
concentrateon/uponsth专心致志做某事
Shecouldn'tconcentrateonabookverylong.她不能长时间专心读一本书。
同义短语:
fix/focus/centerone’sattentionon=putone’sheartinto=be
absorbedin=beburiedin=bedevotedto
12.NotonlyamIinterestedinphotography,butItookanamateurcourseatuniversitytoupdatemyskills.
Notonlybutalso引导的并列句,如notonly位于句首,notonly所在句倒
装。
NotonlywillIgo,butalsoIwilltakemyparentsthere.不仅我自己会去,我还会带我的父母去
13.acquire(通过不断的学习,询问慢慢获得学问,技术。
)
1.取得,获得ThemuseumhasjustacquiredafamouspaintingbyPabloPicasso.
Graduallyweacquiredexperienceinhowtodothework.
2.学到,掌握
ShehasmasteredEnglishgrammarandacquiredalargevocabularywithoutthehelpofateacher.
辨析:
get为获得的最普通用语
obtain表示经过很长时间或经过很大的努力而获得期望已久得东西。
gain表付出更大的努力才能获得,译为赢得。
14.haveanosefor对很敏
感;很善于发现
此类形象表达法还有:
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Shehasanearformusic对.有欣赏能力
Shehasaneyeforcolorandstyleinclothes对.有眼光
Don’tpokeyournoseintootherpeople’sbusiness管闲事,.插手与己无关的事
Georgeturnedhisnoseupatclassicalmusic对.不屑一顾,看不起
Telluswhathappened.Weareallears正.在听着,洗耳恭听
HeturnedadeafeartowhatIsaid.对听不进去
Don’ttellhimanything.Hehasabigmouth嘴.不严
15.informvt.告知,通知
informsb(of/aboutsth)——tellsb
informsbthat
eg:
1)Didyouinformthemoftheprogressofthework?
你把工作进程告诉他们了吗?
2)We‘llkeepyouinformed(of/aboutwhathappens)我.们将随时向你报告情况。
16.meanwhileadv=meantime=inthemeantime/meanwhile=atthesametime同时Mymotherwentshopping.Meanwhile,Icleanedthehouse.
妈妈去购物,与此同时,我打扫房间。
17.dependon/upon+wh-从句
视而.定,取决于
dependon/upon+n依靠,依赖,确(坚)信
dependon/upon+sb.+todo指望某人做
dependon/upon+it+that指望..
That(all)depends./italldepends.(口语)视情况而定,单独使用或置于句首。
9/17
xx:
1、Youcan’tdependonyourparentsforever你不.能永远依赖你的父母。
2、Youcan’tdependonhimtocomeontime你不.能指望他能按时来。
3、Youmaydependonitthathewillcome.你可相信他会来。
4、Imayhelpyou.Butthat/itdepends.我能帮你,但那要看情况而定。
5、Whetheryoucanpasstheexamdependsonhowhardyouwork你.能否通过考试取决于你有多努力。
18.casen.事(实)例,情形;情(状)况;案件,诉讼
eg:
1.Thisisacommoncasewherethewordcanbeused这.是这个单词运用的常用例子。
2.Thecasehewaslookingintotwoyearsagowassettledatlast两.年前他调查的案件终于结案了。
-----incase假使;免得,以防,以防万一(引导状语从句,从句谓语用一般现
在时,不用将来时态)
incaseof...假使,如果发生
inanycase无论如何,不管怎样
innocase无论如何不,在任何情况下决不(置于句首时,句子采用倒装语序)
inthecaseof...就......来说,至于
inthis/thatcase既然这/那样,假使这/那样
eg:
1)Iwillstayathomealldaylongincasehecallsme我.将一整天呆在
家里,以防他给我打电话。
2)Incaseoffire,ringthealarmbell.如遇火警,就按警铃。
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3)InnocasewillIgiveintodifficulty.我绝不会向困难低头
4)Youhavefinished,haven’tyou?
Inthatcase,youmaygo.
19.accusevt.指责,谴责;控告
accusesb.ofsth指.控某人做某事=chargesb.withsth.指责某人做某事
eg:
1)Thepoliceaccusedhimoftheft.警察控告他偷窃。
2)Hewasaccusedofmurder他.被控谋杀。
归纳总结:
remindsb.ofsth.提醒某人某事/使某人想起某事
warnsb.ofsth.警告某人某事
suspectsb.ofsth.怀疑某人