英语冠词和代词大汇总.docx
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英语冠词和代词大汇总
冠词
定义:
冠词是虚词,本身不能单独使用,也没有词义,它用在名词前,帮助指示名词的含义
分类:
冠词分为不定冠词(a,an),定冠词(the),和零冠词。
I.不定冠词的用法:
1
指一类人或事,相当于akindof
Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.
2
第一次提及某人某物,非特指
Aboyiswaitingforyou.
3
表示“每一”相当于every,one
Westudyeighthoursaday.
4
表示“相同”相当于thesame
Wearenearlyofanage.
5
用于人名前,表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事
AMr.Smithcametovisityouwhenyouwereout
ThatboyisratheraLeiFeng.
6
用于固定词组中
Acoupleof,abit,onceuponatime,inahurry,haveawalk,manyatime
7
用于quite,rather,many,half,what,such之后
Thisroomisratherabigone.
8
用于so(as,too,how)+形容词之后
Sheisascleveragirlasyoucanwishtomeet.
口诀一
名词是秃子,常要戴帽子;
可数名词单,需用a或an;
辅音前用a,元音前用an;
复数不可数泛指the不见;
碰到代词时,冠词均不现.。
①名词一般情况下不单独用,常常要和冠词连用;
②表示不明确指的可数名词单数前要用不定冠词a或an,特指时要用定冠词the;
即:
可数名词单数不能单独存在,必须有限定词修饰。
③如复数名词和不可数名词表示泛指或名词前有his,these,my,some等限定词时就不用冠词.
II.定冠词的用法:
1
表示某一类人或物
Thehorseisausefulanimal.
2
用于世上独一无二的事物名词前
theuniverse,themoon,thePacificOcean
3
表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事
Wouldyoumindopeningthedoor?
4
用于乐器前面
playtheviolin,playtheguitar
5
用于形容词和分词前表示一类人
thereach,theliving,thewounded
6
表示“一家人”或“夫妇”
theGreens,theWangs
7
用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前
Heisthetallerofthetwochildren.
8
用于国家党派等以及江河湖海,山川群岛的名词前
theUnitedStates,theCommunistPartyofChina,theFrench
9
用于表示发明物的单数名词前
ThecompasswasinventedinChina.
10
在逢十的复数数词之前,指世纪的某个年代
inthe1990’s
11
用于表示单位的名词前
Ihiredthecarbythehour.
12
用于方位名词,身体部位名词,及表示时间的词组前
Hepattedmeontheshoulder.
以上口诀归纳了用定冠词的一般情况,即:
①特指某些人或物
②谈话双方都熟悉的人或事
③上文已经提到的人或事
④世界上独一无二的事物前
⑤序数词和形容词最高级前
⑥某些专有名词前
⑦一些习惯短语(如:
inthemorning等)中和乐器前(如:
playtheviolin/piano)。
III.零冠词的用法:
1
专有名词,物质名词,抽象名词,人名地名等名词前
BeijingUniversity,Jack,China,love,air
2
名词前有this,my,whose,some,no,each,every等限制
Iwantthisbook,notthatone./Whosepurseisthis?
3
季节,月份,星期,节假日,一日三餐前
March,Sunday,NationalDay,spring
4
表示职位,身份,头衔的名词前
LincolnwasmadePresidentofAmerica.
5
学科,语言,球类,棋类名词前
Helikesplayingfootball/chess.
6
与by连用表示交通工具的名词前
bytrain,byair,byland
7
以and连接的两个相对的名词并用时
husbandandwife,knifeandfork,dayandnight
8
表示泛指的复数名词前
Horsesareusefulanimals.
二、不用冠词的集中情况。
下列情况应免冠,代词限定名词前;
专有名词不可数,学科球类三餐饭;
复数名词表泛指,两节星期月份前;
颜色语种和国名,称呼习语及头衔。
以上口诀主要概括了一般应“免冠”的几种情况,即:
①名词前已有作定语用的this、that、some、any、my等限定词。
②专有名词和不可数名词前。
③表示学科的(如:
maths、Chinese、physics)名词前。
④球类活动的名词前及三餐总称前。
⑤复数名词表示泛指(一类人或事)时。
⑥节日、季节、星期、月份前。
⑦表示颜色(如:
It'sred/yellow.)、语种(如:
speakEnglish/Japanese)和国家的非全称名词(如:
WeliveinChina.TheycomefromAmerica.)。
⑧在称呼或表示头衔的名词前。
⑨某些习惯短语中(如:
inbed、gotoschool等)。
---So,youarerunning_____restaurant.
---Yes,butIdon’twanttomake_____restaurantonlyforrichpeople.
A.the;\B.the;theC.a;theD.a;a
2.Maryis____universitystudent.Sheis_____ordinary-lookinggirlwiththickglasses.
A.a;anB.an;aC.an;theD.the;an
3.---What’syoureldersister?
---Sheis____teacherand_____writer.
A.the;theB.a;\C.a;aD.the;a
4.---Whynottake____friendwithyou?
---Thatsoundslike____goodidea.
A.a;aB.the;theC.a;theD.the;a
5.ThatAlicereturnedlastnightgavehermother____.
A.thegreatsurpriseB.agreatsurpriseC.greatsurpriseD.greatsurprising
6.Parisis____mostbeautifulcity,whereyoucansee____famousEiffelTower.
A.a;theB.a;\C.the;aD.\;the
7.ProfessorSmithhadnotgiven____talkonShakespeareforalongtime,sohehadtobrushuponsomeof____plays.
A.\;\B.a;theC.the;\D.the;the
8.Hefounditdifficulttomake____livinginthosedays.
A.aB.anC.theD.\
9.Hehaddecidedtogiveitup,buton____secondthoughtsbedecidedtotry____thirdtime.
A.the;theB.\;\C.a;aD.\;a
10.Thanksforgivingme_____Iwanted.
A.theinformationB.ainformationC.informationsD.theinformations
11.---Thenewsisspreadingfrommouthtomouth.
---Yes,it’sbecome____talkof____town.
A.a;aB.the;\C.the;theD.a;\
12.Payattentionto____roadsignwhiledrivingin____foreigncountry.
A.a;aB.the;theC.the;aD.a;the
13.---Werethey____firsttoflyto____space?
---Yes,sotheyfelt_____bitproud.
A.the;\;aB.a;a;aC.a;the;\D.the;the;the
14._____Missisippiisoneof____longestriversintheworld.
A.\;\B.The;theC.\;theD.The;\
15.____wirelesstelephoneisreadyforacall.
A.Smiths’B.TheSmithC.TheSmith’sD.TheSmiths’
16.____UnitedStatesofAmericaliesbetween____AtlanticOceanand____PacificOcean.
A.\;the;theB.The;\;\C.\;\;\D.The;the;the
17.Onemustknowwhat____true,____goodand_____beautiful.
A.\;\;\B.the;the;theC.a;\;theD.a;a;the
18.Thetigerwasshotin____head.
A.thatB.\C.theD.its
19.Thistookplacein____.
A.a1930sB.1930sC.the1930s’D.the1930s
20.Landto____eastof____Uralsiscalled_____Asia.
A.\;the;theB.the;the;\C.\;the;\D.the;the;the
21.Hetook____smallerofthetwo.
A.oneB.aC.theD.\
22.Aliceisfondofplaying____pianowhileHenryisinterestedinlisteningto____music.
A.\;theB.the;theC.the;\D.\;\
23.Motherdoesmostof____athome.
A.cleanB.thecleaningC.acleanD.cleaning
24._____discovered_____iron,whichis____veryusefulmetal.
A.Theman;\;aB.Theman;\;\C.Man;\;aD.Man;the;a
25.Myfatherandmotherare____teachers.
A.theB.\C.thoseD.these
26.---Haveyou_____anysister?
---No,Ihave_____sister.
A.\;noB.an;notC.some;noD.an;no
27.____bigswimmingpoolinoutschoolwascompletedin_____Mayof1998,notin____April,1996.
A.A;\;\B.The;the;\C.A;the;\D.The;\;\
28.Ilike____history.Iamstudying____historyofChina.
A.\;aB.the;\C.\;theD.a;\
29.Theworkersmadehim____ofthefactory.
A.headB.aheadC.theheadD.onehead
30.Havingbeentoldthat____badweatherwason____way,theydecidedtoputthegameoff.
A.a;theB.the;thisC.\;thatD.\;the
31.Theseoldwomanlikewalkingin____Hydepark.
A.theB.aC.\D.an
32.It’seasiertowriteplaysfor____televisionthanfor_____radio.
A.the;theB.\;\C.the;\D.\;the
33.Peopledreamofwalkingin_____likeastronautsoneday.
A.aspaceB.thespaceC.spacesD.space
.冠词填空:
在下列句中空白处填入适当冠词,不需用冠词处划×。
1.Thereis_______pictureof_______elephanton_______wall.
2.Thisis_______usefulbook.I'vereaditfor_______hour.
3._______elephantismuchheavierthan_______horse.
4._______doctortoldhimtotake_______medicinethreetimes_______day.
5.Let'sgooutfor_______walk.
6.It'stoohot.Open_______door,please.
7.Thereis_______womanoverthere._______womanisMeimei'smother.
8._______sunrisesin_______east.
9._______ChangjiangRiveris_______longestriverin_______China.
10.Areyougoingtodoit_______secondtime?
11.Washingtonis_______capitalof_______USA.
12._______Turnersarelivingattheendof_______TurnerStreet.
13.Hejoinedthearmyin_______springof_______1995.
14._______oldmanis_______teacher.Helikesplaying_______basketballafter_______supper.
15.AfterIhad_______quickbreakfast,Ihurriedtoschool.
16.Are_______sheepkeptby_______farmersforproducing_______wooland_______meat?
17.Theywentto_______People'sPark,butwebothwentto_______People'sCinemayesterday.
18.Ioftenwatch_______TVin_______evening.
19._______dayof_______December20,1999isMonday.
20.Tomorrowis_______ChristmasDayandmyfatherandIwenttochoose_______Christmastreetoday.
21.Ithink_______mathsismoreimportantthananyothersubject.
22.Heoftengoesto_______schoolby_______bike.
23.Whatdoesthis_______wordmean,_______Father?
24.What_______importantnews!
II.选择填空。
1.—DoesJimhave_______ruler?
—Yes,hehas_______.
A.an;someB.a;oneC.a;/D.any;one
2.Thereis_______oldbike._______oldbikeisMrZhao's.
A.an;TheB.the;AnC.a;TheD.the;The
3._______appleadaykeepsthedoctorsaway.
A.TheB.AC.AnD.Two
4.—Howmanybooksdoyouhave?
—Ihave_______book.That's_______Englishbook.
A.a;anB.a;oneC.one;anD.one;one
5.AtthattimeTomwas_______one-year-oldbaby.
A.aB.anC.theD./
6._______tigeris_______China.
A.The;aB.A;theC.The;fromD.The;the
7.Wecan'tsee_______sunat_______night.
A.the;theB.the;/C.a;/D./;/
8._______usefulbookitis!
A.WhatanB.HowaC.WhataD.What
9.Oneafternoonhefound_______handbag.Therewas_______“s”onthecornerof_______handbag.
A.a;an;theB.a;a;theC.an;an;anD.the;a;a
10._______oldladywithwhitehairspoke_______Englishwellat_______meeting.
A.An;an;aB.The;/;anC.The;/;aD.The;/;the
11._______GreatWallis_______longestwallintheworld.
A.A;aB.The;theC.A;theD.The;a
12._______newbridgehasbeenbuiltoverHuangpuRiver.
A.The;aB.A;/C.A;theD.An;the
13._______womanoverthereis_______popularteacherinourschool.
A.A;anB.The;aC.The;theD.A;the
14.Heusedtobe_______teacherbutlaterheturned_______writer.
A.a;aB.a;theC./;aD.a;/
15.Theymadehim_______king.
A.aB.theC.anD./
16.Hisfatheris_______Englishteacher.Heworksinourschool.
A.aB.anC.theD./
17.Ishe_______Americanboy?
A.anB.aC.oneD./
18.DoesTomoftenplay_______footballafter_______school?
A./;/B./;theC.the;/D.a;/
19.Theypassedourschool_______daybeforeyesterday.
A.anB.oneC.aD.the
20.Australiais_______English-speakingcountry.
A.aB.anC.theD./
21.Shehas_______orangeskirt._______skirtisni