英语冠词和代词大汇总.docx
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英语冠词和代词大汇总
冠词
定义：
冠词是虚词，本身不能单独使用，也没有词义，它用在名词前，帮助指示名词的含义
分类：
冠词分为不定冠词（a,an），定冠词（the），和零冠词。
I.不定冠词的用法：
1
指一类人或事，相当于akindof
Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.
2
第一次提及某人某物，非特指
Aboyiswaitingforyou.
3
表示“每一”相当于every，one
Westudyeighthoursaday.
4
表示“相同”相当于thesame
Wearenearlyofanage.
5
用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事
AMr.Smithcametovisityouwhenyouwereout
ThatboyisratheraLeiFeng.
6
用于固定词组中
Acoupleof,abit,onceuponatime,inahurry,haveawalk,manyatime
7
用于quite,rather,many,half,what,such之后
Thisroomisratherabigone.
8
用于so（as,too,how）+形容词之后
Sheisascleveragirlasyoucanwishtomeet.
口诀一
名词是秃子，常要戴帽子；
可数名词单，需用a或an；
辅音前用a，元音前用an；
复数不可数泛指the不见；
碰到代词时,冠词均不现.。
①名词一般情况下不单独用,常常要和冠词连用;
②表示不明确指的可数名词单数前要用不定冠词a或an,特指时要用定冠词the;
即：
可数名词单数不能单独存在，必须有限定词修饰。
③如复数名词和不可数名词表示泛指或名词前有his,these,my,some等限定词时就不用冠词.
II.定冠词的用法：
1
表示某一类人或物
Thehorseisausefulanimal.
2
用于世上独一无二的事物名词前
theuniverse,themoon,thePacificOcean
3
表示说话双方都了解的或上文提到过的人或事
Wouldyoumindopeningthedoor?
4
用于乐器前面
playtheviolin,playtheguitar
5
用于形容词和分词前表示一类人
thereach,theliving,thewounded
6
表示“一家人”或“夫妇”
theGreens,theWangs
7
用于序数词和形容词副词比较级最高级前
Heisthetallerofthetwochildren.
8
用于国家党派等以及江河湖海，山川群岛的名词前
theUnitedStates,theCommunistPartyofChina,theFrench
9
用于表示发明物的单数名词前
ThecompasswasinventedinChina.
10
在逢十的复数数词之前，指世纪的某个年代
inthe1990’s
11
用于表示单位的名词前
Ihiredthecarbythehour.
12
用于方位名词，身体部位名词，及表示时间的词组前
Hepattedmeontheshoulder.
以上口诀归纳了用定冠词的一般情况，即：
①特指某些人或物
②谈话双方都熟悉的人或事
③上文已经提到的人或事
④世界上独一无二的事物前
⑤序数词和形容词最高级前
⑥某些专有名词前
⑦一些习惯短语（如：
inthemorning等）中和乐器前（如：
playtheviolin/piano）。
III.零冠词的用法：
1
专有名词，物质名词，抽象名词，人名地名等名词前
BeijingUniversity,Jack,China,love,air
2
名词前有this,my,whose,some,no,each,every等限制
Iwantthisbook,notthatone./Whosepurseisthis?
3
季节，月份，星期，节假日，一日三餐前
March,Sunday,NationalDay,spring
4
表示职位，身份，头衔的名词前
LincolnwasmadePresidentofAmerica.
5
学科，语言，球类，棋类名词前
Helikesplayingfootball/chess.
6
与by连用表示交通工具的名词前
bytrain,byair,byland
7
以and连接的两个相对的名词并用时
husbandandwife,knifeandfork,dayandnight
8
表示泛指的复数名词前
Horsesareusefulanimals.
二、不用冠词的集中情况。
下列情况应免冠，代词限定名词前；
专有名词不可数，学科球类三餐饭；
复数名词表泛指，两节星期月份前；
颜色语种和国名，称呼习语及头衔。
以上口诀主要概括了一般应“免冠”的几种情况，即：
①名词前已有作定语用的this、that、some、any、my等限定词。
②专有名词和不可数名词前。
③表示学科的（如：
maths、Chinese、physics）名词前。
④球类活动的名词前及三餐总称前。
⑤复数名词表示泛指（一类人或事）时。
⑥节日、季节、星期、月份前。
⑦表示颜色（如：
It'sred/yellow.）、语种（如：
speakEnglish/Japanese）和国家的非全称名词（如：
WeliveinChina.TheycomefromAmerica.）。
⑧在称呼或表示头衔的名词前。
⑨某些习惯短语中（如：
inbed、gotoschool等）。
---So,youarerunning_____restaurant.
---Yes,butIdon’twanttomake_____restaurantonlyforrichpeople.
A.the;\B.the;theC.a;theD.a;a
2.Maryis____universitystudent.Sheis_____ordinary-lookinggirlwiththickglasses.
A.a;anB.an;aC.an;theD.the;an
3.---What’syoureldersister?
---Sheis____teacherand_____writer.
A.the;theB.a;\C.a;aD.the;a
4.---Whynottake____friendwithyou?
---Thatsoundslike____goodidea.
A.a;aB.the;theC.a;theD.the;a
5.ThatAlicereturnedlastnightgavehermother____.
A.thegreatsurpriseB.agreatsurpriseC.greatsurpriseD.greatsurprising
6.Parisis____mostbeautifulcity,whereyoucansee____famousEiffelTower.
A.a;theB.a;\C.the;aD.\;the
7.ProfessorSmithhadnotgiven____talkonShakespeareforalongtime,sohehadtobrushuponsomeof____plays.
A.\;\B.a;theC.the;\D.the;the
8.Hefounditdifficulttomake____livinginthosedays.
A.aB.anC.theD.\
9.Hehaddecidedtogiveitup,buton____secondthoughtsbedecidedtotry____thirdtime.
A.the;theB.\;\C.a;aD.\;a
10.Thanksforgivingme_____Iwanted.
A.theinformationB.ainformationC.informationsD.theinformations
11.---Thenewsisspreadingfrommouthtomouth.
---Yes,it’sbecome____talkof____town.
A.a;aB.the;\C.the;theD.a;\
12.Payattentionto____roadsignwhiledrivingin____foreigncountry.
A.a;aB.the;theC.the;aD.a;the
13.---Werethey____firsttoflyto____space?
---Yes,sotheyfelt_____bitproud.
A.the;\;aB.a;a;aC.a;the;\D.the;the;the
14._____Missisippiisoneof____longestriversintheworld.
A.\;\B.The;theC.\;theD.The;\
15.____wirelesstelephoneisreadyforacall.
A.Smiths’B.TheSmithC.TheSmith’sD.TheSmiths’
16.____UnitedStatesofAmericaliesbetween____AtlanticOceanand____PacificOcean.
A.\;the;theB.The;\;\C.\;\;\D.The;the;the
17.Onemustknowwhat____true,____goodand_____beautiful.
A.\;\;\B.the;the;theC.a;\;theD.a;a;the
18.Thetigerwasshotin____head.
A.thatB.\C.theD.its
19.Thistookplacein____.
A.a1930sB.1930sC.the1930s’D.the1930s
20.Landto____eastof____Uralsiscalled_____Asia.
A.\;the;theB.the;the;\C.\;the;\D.the;the;the
21.Hetook____smallerofthetwo.
A.oneB.aC.theD.\
22.Aliceisfondofplaying____pianowhileHenryisinterestedinlisteningto____music.
A.\;theB.the;theC.the;\D.\;\
23.Motherdoesmostof____athome.
A.cleanB.thecleaningC.acleanD.cleaning
24._____discovered_____iron,whichis____veryusefulmetal.
A.Theman;\;aB.Theman;\;\C.Man;\;aD.Man;the;a
25.Myfatherandmotherare____teachers.
A.theB.\C.thoseD.these
26.---Haveyou_____anysister?
---No,Ihave_____sister.
A.\;noB.an;notC.some;noD.an;no
27.____bigswimmingpoolinoutschoolwascompletedin_____Mayof1998,notin____April,1996.
A.A;\;\B.The;the;\C.A;the;\D.The;\;\
28.Ilike____history.Iamstudying____historyofChina.
A.\;aB.the;\C.\;theD.a;\
29.Theworkersmadehim____ofthefactory.
A.headB.aheadC.theheadD.onehead
30.Havingbeentoldthat____badweatherwason____way,theydecidedtoputthegameoff.
A.a;theB.the;thisC.\;thatD.\;the
31.Theseoldwomanlikewalkingin____Hydepark.
A.theB.aC.\D.an
32.It’seasiertowriteplaysfor____televisionthanfor_____radio.
A.the;theB.\;\C.the;\D.\;the
33.Peopledreamofwalkingin_____likeastronautsoneday.
A.aspaceB.thespaceC.spacesD.space
.冠词填空：
在下列句中空白处填入适当冠词，不需用冠词处划×。
1.Thereis_______pictureof_______elephanton_______wall．
2.Thisis_______usefulbook．I'vereaditfor_______hour．
3._______elephantismuchheavierthan_______horse．
4._______doctortoldhimtotake_______medicinethreetimes_______day．
5.Let'sgooutfor_______walk．
6.It'stoohot．Open_______door，please．
7.Thereis_______womanoverthere．_______womanisMeimei'smother．
8._______sunrisesin_______east．
9._______ChangjiangRiveris_______longestriverin_______China．
10.Areyougoingtodoit_______secondtime？
11.Washingtonis_______capitalof_______USA．
12._______Turnersarelivingattheendof_______TurnerStreet．
13.Hejoinedthearmyin_______springof_______1995．
14._______oldmanis_______teacher．Helikesplaying_______basketballafter_______supper．
15．AfterIhad_______quickbreakfast，Ihurriedtoschool．
16．Are_______sheepkeptby_______farmersforproducing_______wooland_______meat？
17．Theywentto_______People'sPark，butwebothwentto_______People'sCinemayesterday．
18．Ioftenwatch_______TVin_______evening．
19．_______dayof_______December20，1999isMonday．
20．Tomorrowis_______ChristmasDayandmyfatherandIwenttochoose_______Christmastreetoday．
21．Ithink_______mathsismoreimportantthananyothersubject．
22．Heoftengoesto_______schoolby_______bike．
23．Whatdoesthis_______wordmean，_______Father？
24．What_______importantnews！
II.选择填空。
1．—DoesJimhave_______ruler？
—Yes，hehas_______．
A．an；someB．a；oneC．a；／D．any；one
2．Thereis_______oldbike．_______oldbikeisMrZhao's．
A．an；TheB．the；AnC．a；TheD．the；The
3．_______appleadaykeepsthedoctorsaway．
A．TheB．AC．AnD．Two
4．—Howmanybooksdoyouhave？
—Ihave_______book．That's_______Englishbook．
A．a；anB．a；oneC．one；anD．one；one
5．AtthattimeTomwas_______one-year-oldbaby．
A．aB．anC．theD．／
6．_______tigeris_______China．
A．The；aB．A；theC．The；fromD．The；the
7．Wecan'tsee_______sunat_______night．
A．the；theB．the；／C．a；／D．／；／
8．_______usefulbookitis！
A．WhatanB．HowaC．WhataD．What
9．Oneafternoonhefound_______handbag．Therewas_______“s”onthecornerof_______handbag．
A．a；an；theB．a；a；theC．an；an；anD．the；a；a
10．_______oldladywithwhitehairspoke_______Englishwellat_______meeting．
A．An；an；aB．The；／；anC．The；／；aD．The；／；the
11．_______GreatWallis_______longestwallintheworld．
A．A；aB．The；theC．A；theD．The；a
12．_______newbridgehasbeenbuiltoverHuangpuRiver．
A．The；aB．A；／C．A；theD．An；the
13．_______womanoverthereis_______popularteacherinourschool．
A．A；anB．The；aC．The；theD．A；the
14．Heusedtobe_______teacherbutlaterheturned_______writer．
A．a；aB．a；theC．／；aD．a；／
15．Theymadehim_______king．
A．aB．theC．anD．／
16．Hisfatheris_______Englishteacher．Heworksinourschool．
A．aB．anC．theD．／
17．Ishe_______Americanboy？
A．anB．aC．oneD．／
18．DoesTomoftenplay_______footballafter_______school？
A．／；／B．／；theC．the；／D．a；／
19．Theypassedourschool_______daybeforeyesterday．
A．anB．oneC．aD．the
20．Australiais_______English-speakingcountry．
A．aB．anC．theD．／
21．Shehas_______orangeskirt．_______skirtisni
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