高考英语综合题专题复习阅读理解专题解析及答案.docx

高考英语综合题专题复习阅读理解专题解析及答案.docx

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高考英语综合题专题复习阅读理解专题解析及答案

一、高中英语阅读理解

1．阅读理解

   "Whatkindofrubbishareyou?

"Thisquestionmightnormallycauseanger,butinShanghaiitwasbroughtaboutwearycomplaintsoverthepastfewmonths.OnJuly1st,thecityintroducedstrictrubbish-sortingregulationsthatareexpectedtobeusedasamodelforourcountry.Citizensmustdividetheirwasteintofourseparatecategoriesandputitintospecificpublicbins.Theymustdosoatscheduledtimes,whenmonitorsarepresenttoensurethatrulesareobeyedandtoexaminethenatureofone'srubbish.

   Violatorscouldbehitwithfinesofupto200yuan（$29）.Forrepeatviolators,thecitycanaddblackmarkstotheircreditrecords,makingitharderforthemtoobtainhankloansorevenbuytraintickets.

   Shanghaiauthoritiesarerespondingtoobviousenvironmentalproblem.Itproduces9milliontonsofgarbageayear.Butlikeothercitiesinchina,itlacksarecyclingsystem.Instead,ithasreliedonrubbishpickerstopickoutwhatevercanbereused.Thishaslimits.Aspeoplegetwealthier,fewerofthemwanttodosuchdirtywork.Thewaste,meanwhile,justkeepspilingup.Chinaproduces80billionpairsofone-offchopsticksayear.

   Manycitizensappeartosupporttheideaofrecyclingingeneralbutarefrustratedbythedetails.Rubbishmustbedividedaccordingtowhetheritisfood,recyclable,dryorhazardous（有害的）,thedistinctionsamongwhichcanbeconfusing,thoughthereareappstohelpworkitout.Somehavecomplainedabouttherulessurroundingfoodwaste.Theymustputitstraightintherequiredpublicbin,forcingthemtotearopenplasticbagsandtoss（投掷）itbyhand,Mostannoyingaretheshortperiodsforthrowingtrash,typicallyacoupleofhours,morningandevening.Alongwiththemonitorsatthebins,thismeansthatpeoplegoataroundthesametimeandcankeepaneyeonwhatisbeingthrownout;noonewantstolookbad.

（1）What'sthepurposeofParagraph1?

A. Tocomplainaboutrubbishdividing.

B. Toexplainthefourcategoriesofthewaste.

C. Tointroducetherulesonwastesorting.

D. Toshowthegoalofrubbish,sortingregulations.

（2）Whatdoestheunderlinedword"Violators"inParagraph2referto?

A. Peoplewhodon'tpayfortraintickets.           

B. Peoplewhoarguewiththemonitors.

C. Peoplewhoobtainbankloans.                      

D. Peoplewhoareagainsttheregulations.

（3）Whatmakesthecitizensupsetmostabouttherules?

A. Complexdistinctionamongthefourcategoriesofrubbish.

B. Shortscheduledtimefortossingrubbish.

C. Beingobservedbymonitorswhenthrowingthegarbage.

D. Beingfinedwhenblamedduetoimproperbehavior.

（4）Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?

A. ARestartofWaste-sorting                              

B. ANewAgeofGarbageClassification

C. LearningtoClassifyRubbish                           

D. Rubbish-sortingBenefitstheWorld

【答案】

（1）C

（2）D

（3）B

（4）B

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇新闻报道，介绍了7月1日上海市出台的垃圾分类规定，有望成为我国的一个典范。

文章说明了垃圾分类规定的部分内容以及违反者将面临的处罚，这项政策出台的原因是上海日益增多的垃圾，以及居民们对此政策的看法和态度。

（1）考查推理判断。

根据第一段中的“Citizensmustdividetheirwasteintofourseparatecategoriesandputitintospecificpublicbins.Theymustdosoatscheduledtimes,whenmonitorsarepresenttoensurethatrulesareobeyedandtoexaminethenatureofone'srubbish.”市民必须将垃圾分为四类，并将其放入特定的公共垃圾箱。

他们必须在规定的时间这样做，当监督员在场时，以确保规则得到遵守，并检查垃圾的性质。

可知主要是在说明垃圾分类的相关规定，故第一段的目的是介绍垃圾分类的规则。

故选C。

（2）考查词义猜测。

根据第二段中的“Theycouldbehitwithfinesofupto200yuan（$29）.”他们将面临最高200元（29美元）的罚款。

可推测他们此处指违反垃圾分类规定的人们，故划线单词意思为“违反规定的人”，故选D。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的“Mostupsetaretheshortwindowsforthrowingtrash,typicallyacoupleofhours,morningandevening.”最让人心烦的是扔垃圾的短暂开放期，通常是早上和晚上的几个小时，可知，扔垃圾的时间很短让居民对这些规定最不满。

故选B。

（4）考查主旨大意。

根据第一段中的“OnJuly1st,thecityintroducedstricttrash-sortingregulationsthatareexpectedtobeusedasamodelforourcountry.Residentsmustdividetheirwasteintofourseparatekindsandputitintospecificpublicbins.Theymustdosoatscheduledtimes,whenmonitorsarepresenttoensurecomplianceandtoinquireintothenatureofone'srubbish.”7月1日，该市出台了严格的垃圾分类规定，有望成为我国的一个典范。

居民必须将他们的垃圾分成四类，并将其放入特定的公共垃圾箱。

他们必须在规定的时间这样做，当监督员在场时，以确保遵守和调查一个人的垃圾的性质）以及文章主要内容围绕着上海垃圾分类规定标志着一个垃圾分类的新时代的开始而展开，故选B。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解，词义猜测，推理判断和主旨大意四个题型的考查，是一篇新闻报道，要求考生在捕捉细节信息的基础上，进一步根据上下文的逻辑关系，进行分析，推理，概括和归纳，从而选出正确答案。

2．阅读理解

   Dearyoungpoets,TIMEForKidshasachallengeforyou:

WritearhymingpoemandenteritintheTFKPoetryContest.Itmustbeapoemthatdoesnotcopyanotherpoet'sworks.

   Howtoenter:

Thiscontestwillbegin12pmonApril14,2019andwillend12pmonJune14,2019.Toenteronline,visitandfollowinstructionstosubmitthefollowing:

（a）anoriginalandpreviouslyunpublishedpoem;（b）theentrant'sfirstnameonlyande-mailaddress;（c）aparent'se-mailaddress.Limitoneentryperpersonore-mailaccount.

   Judging:

AllentrieswillbejudgedbypoetKennNesbitt,basedonthefollowingcriteria:

creativityandoriginality（50%）,useoflanguageandrhyme（25%）andappropriatenesstocontesttheme（25%）.Winnerswillbenotifiedbye-mailduringthemonthofJulyandmustrespondwithinfivedays.

   Eligibility（参赛资格）：

OpentolegalcitizensoftheUnitedStateswhoareprimaryschoolstudentsandare8to13yearsoldattimeofentry.

   Prizes:

Ourjudgewillselectfoursemifinalists,fromwhomonegrand-prizewinnerandthreefinalistswillbechosen.Theonegrand-prizewinnerwillreceiveanonlineclassvisitfromKennNesbitt.AllthesemifinalistswillreceiveasignedcopyofBigfootIsMissing,whichisworthabout$275.Thesemifinalists'poemswillbepublishedat.

（1）HowlongwillthePoetryContestlast?

A. Onemonth.                 

B. Twomonths.                 

C. Threemonths.                 

D. Fourmonths.

（2）WhatdoesthePoetryContestvaluemost?

A.Whetherthepoemisnovel.

B.Whetherthepoemishumorous.

C.Whetherthepoemiswritteninrhyme

D.Whetherthepoemissuitableforthecontesttheme.

（3）Whatcanthefinalistsget?

A.A$275bonus.

B.Anonlineclassvisit.

C.Thepositionofassistanteditor.

D.AsignedcopyofBigfootIsMissing.

【答案】

（1）B

（2）A

（3）D

【解析】【分析】本文是一篇应用文，介绍了一项由TIMEForKids举办的诗歌比赛：

如何参赛，如何评判，参赛者资格，如何评选获奖等相关信息。

（1）考查细节理解。

根据第二段中的“Thiscontestwillbegin12pmonApril14,2019andwillend12pmonJune14,2019.”本次比赛将于2019年4月14日下午12点开始，2019年6月14日下午12点结束。

可知，此次比赛历时2个月。

故选B。

（2）考查细节理解。

根据第三段中的“AllentrieswillbejudgedbypoetKennNesbitt,basedonthefollowingcriteria:

creativityandoriginality（50%）,useoflanguageandrhyme（25%）andappropriatenesstocontesttheme（25%）.”所有参赛作品将由诗人KennNesbitt根据以下标准进行评判:

创造力和原创性（50%），语言和韵律的使用（25%）和主题的适当性（25%）。

可知，创新性占据50%，可以推断出此次比赛看重创新性。

故选A。

（3）考查细节理解。

根据最后一段中的“AllthesemifinalistswillreceiveasignedcopyofBigfootIsMissing,whichisworthabout$275.Thesemifinalists'poemswillbepublishedat.”所有的半决赛选手都会收到一份签名版的《大脚怪》，价值约275美元。

半决赛选手的诗作将在上发表。

参加半决赛的选手包含决赛选手，故选D。

【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解题型的考查，是一篇介绍类阅读。

考生需要准确捕捉细节信息，并结合题目要求，从而选出正确答案。

3．阅读理解

   Ifyouloveeatinganddrinkingforfreeandarelookingtomakesomepocketmoney,there'sajobinChinawithyournameonit.Anewtypeofonlineserviceallowspeopletohireotherstoeatordrinktheirfavoritetreats,eithertocuretheirboredomorsatisfytheirappetitewithoutthecaloriesthatusuallycomewithit.

   ChinesemediarecentlyreportedonanincreasinglypopularserviceononlineplatformTaobaothat'sasstartlingasitisappealing.Peoplecannowgoonlineandhireotherstoconsumecertainfoodsanddrinks,andaskthemtoprovidevideoevidenceofthemeatingordrinkingthesaidtreats.

   Feesusuallyrangefromtwotonineyuan（$0.30-$1.35）plusthecostofthefood.It'snotexactlyaget-rich-quickjob,buttherearequitearotofpeoplewillingtodoitforthefreetreatsalone.

   "Bubbleteadrinking"isaparticularlypopularservice,asthechewytapioca（木薯粉）ballsandpoppingdrinkisalltherageinAsiathesedays,buttherearealsoadsfrompeoplewillingtoeatfriedchickenorhotpotforanyonewillingtopayforthem.

   Advertisedasbeing"fat-free"and"freeofqueues"thosewhopayfortheservicewillreceivethefullexperience,whichincludesa360-degreevideoofthedrink,photos,andadetaileddescription.Pricesoftheservicearebasedonthedrink'ssweetnesslevel,itsprice,andpopularity.Someclientsevenrequireashortwrittenreviewtobesurethatthepersontheyhiredactuallydoeswhattheyaresupposedto.

   Sellersexplainedthatmostcustomersbuytheir"Bubbleteadrinking"servicemaybebecausethey'retryingtoshakeoffdesireswhilethey'reonadiet.Drinkingbubbleteabyproxymayhelpcustomersavoidhighbloodpressure,highbloodsugar,andotherhealthproblemsthatthesugar-ladendrinkmaycause.

   Sowhywouldanyonepayatotalstrangertoenjoyatreatratherthanconsumeitthemselves?

Well,apparently,theonlineserviceissocheapthatsomepeoplesimplydoitoutofboredom,whileothersgetsatisfactionfromwatchingothersindulgeintheirfavoritetreats.

   Thisindulging-by-proxyservice（代享受服务）hasreceivedalotofattentiononsocialmediainChina,withsomepeopledescribingitasthejoboftheirdreams.

（1）Whatkindofpeoplemaybuythenewtypeofonlineservice?

A. Thosewhoareboring.

B. Thosewhoaretryingtoloseweight.

C. Thosewholoveeatinganddrinkingforfree.

D. Thosewhoarelookingtomakesomepocketmoney.

（2）Whichisthereasonformanypeoplebeingwillingtobehiredforthenewjob?

A. Thattheycanmakeafortune.                        

B. Thatthefoodsanddrinksarecheap.

C. Thattheycanconsumethetreatsforfree