Your College Years Languagefocus.docx

Your College Years Languagefocus.docx

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YourCollegeYearsLanguagefocus

Unit1

TextAYourCollegeYears

LanguageFocus

Wordsusedtodescribecollegeyears:

exciting,meaningful,rewarding,independent,self-reliant,mature,self-discipline,astrongsenseofresponsibility，lonely,depressed,frustrating,scary,ataloss,muddlethroughthefouryears

DefinitionofTerms:

developmentalchanges:

thephysiologicalandbehavioralchangesthroughoutthelifespan

adolescence:

aperiodbetweenchildhoodandadulthood,whichisusuallyfraughtwithanxietyandconflict.Thepassagetoadulthoodisoftenmarkedbyanumberofsmallchangesinstatus（therighttovote,todrinkliquor,todriveacar,etc.）duringorneartheendofadolescence.

identitycrisis:

thedifficulties,confusionsandanxietiesthatyougothroughduringadolescencewhenyouarenotsurewhatyoureallyareandwhatyourpurposeinlifeis

internalize:

apsychologicaltermmeaning“tomakefaith,values,moral,attitudes,behavior,languageetc.partofyournaturebylearningorassimilatingthemunconsciously”

【paragraph1】itoccurstosb.that…/itdawnonsb.that…;occur

1.Hasiteveroccurredtoyouthat…

Note:

noticethedifferencebetweenChineseandEnglishinexpressing突然想到—inChinese,thesubjectisusuallyapersonalpronoun,whileinEnglish,theideaorthought,ortheanticipatory“it”isused.

e.g.Thethoughtofgivingupneveroccurredtome.

itoccurstosb.todosth.

e.g.Isupposeitdidn'toccurtoyoutophonethepolice?

Itdidn’toccurtohertoaskhowhe’dfoundher.

Itneverseemstooccurtomychildrentocontactme.

itoccurstosb.（that）

e.g.Ithadneveroccurredtohimthathemightbefallinginlovewithher.

ItsuddenlyoccurredtoherthatJoewasafraidofbeingalone.

Itneveroccurredtomethatwealthcouldruinaperson’slife.

Itsuddenlyoccurredtohimthathehadnottouchedanymeatformonths.

“Strike”isoftenusedinthispattern

strike:

ifsomething（thought/idea）strikesyou,youthinkofit,noticeit,orrealizethatitisimportant,interesting,trueetc

e.g.Aratherworryingthoughtstruckme.（想到）

Thefirstthingthatstruckmewasthefactthattherewerenootherwomenpresent.（留意）

itstrikessomebodythat

e.g.Itstruckherthatlosingthecompanymightbetheleastofherworries.

Itstruckherthatalthoughshewasnowrichbyherownstandard,shewasnotreallyhappy.

2.Hasiteverdawnedonyouthat…

dawnonsb:

ifafactdawnsonyou,yourealizeitforthefirsttime

e.g.Thentheghastlytruthdawnedonme.

ItdawnedonmethatJoannahadbeenrightallalong.

Itwasseveralmonthsbeforethetruthfinallydawnedonme.

LittlebylittleitdawnedonArchiethathiswifewasnotcomingback.

Itgraduallybegantodawnontheeconomiststhattheproblemwasnotoverproduction,butunder-consumption.

Itsuddenlydawnedonusthathighsavingsratemaynotbeagoodthing.

3.…certaindevelopmentalchangeswilloccurinyourlife…

occur:

a.tohappen

e.g.Policesaidtheaccidentoccurredabout4.30pm.

Theexplosionoccurredat5.30a.m.

b.[+adverb/preposition]tohappenorexistinaparticularplaceorsituation

occurin/amongetc

e.g.Whoopingcoughoccursmainlyinyoungchildren.小孩常得百日咳。

Thehighestratesofunemploymentoccurintheinnerurbanareas.

ThissmalltreealsooccursincentralandsouthernIndia.生长在

【paragraph2】gothrough,endeavor,perceive,endowment,chance

4.Duringthistime,studentsaregoingthroughanidentitycrisisandareendeavoringtofindoutwhotheyareandwhattheirstrengthsandweaknessare.

gothrough:

experience,undergo,suffer

1）▶DIFFICULT/UNPLEASANTSITUATION◀:

toexperienceadifficultorunpleasantsituation,feelingetc

e.g.Whenyou'regoingthroughacrisis,itoftenhelpstotalktosomeone.

He'sgoingthroughadivorceatthemoment.

Itisdevastatingforaparenttowatchachildgothroughmisery.

Doctorshavetogothroughalongperiodofexpensiveprofessionaltraining.

2）▶PROCESS◀:

toexperienceaparticularprocess

e.g.Candidatesmustgothroughaprocessofselection.

Caterpillarsgothroughseveralstagesofgrowth.

3）▶USE◀touseupmoneyorasupplyofsomething

e.g.Wewentthroughfivepintsofmilklastweek.

Somehowtheyhadgonethroughthewholebottleofwine.

4）▶LAW/DEAL/AGREEMENT◀ifalaw,agreement,orofficialdecisiongoesthrough,itisofficiallyaccepted,orapprovedbythepeoplewhohavethepowerorauthoritytodoso.

e.g.Heacceptedtheofferandthedealwentthrough.

Idon’tthinkthisplanwillgothroughtheSecurityCouncil.（TB）

5）▶SEARCH◀tosearchsth.inordertofindsomethinginparticular

e.g.Davewentthroughhispocketslookingforthekeys.

Customsofficerswentthroughallmybags.

6）▶READ/DISCUSS◀toreadordiscusssth.（alist,story,orplan）frombeginningtoendinordertomakesureitiscorrect

e.g.We'llgothroughthedetailslateron.

Doyouwantmetogothroughthisandcheckyourspellings?

Wehavegonethroughallthesearguments.（TB）

→gothroughwithsth:

todosomethingyouhadpromisedorplannedtodo,eventhoughitcausesproblemsoryouarenolongersureyouwanttodoit

e.g.Hebravelywentthroughwiththeweddingceremonyeventhoughhewasinalotofpain.

It’stoolatetobackout.Wejusthavetogothroughwithit.（TB）

endeavor:

v.[FORMAL]totryveryhardtodosomething:

e.g.Wehaveendeavouredtomakethevehicleenvironmentallyfriendly.

Wealwaysendeavortopleaseourcustomers.

n.[C/U]FORMAL:

anefforttodosomething,especiallysomethingnewordifficult

e.g.Thebusinesswasbuiltuplargelythroughtheendeavoursofhismother.

Theymadeeveryendeavourtofindthetwoboys.

Despiteourbestendeavours,wecouldn'tstartthecar.

5.It’simportanttoknowhowpeopleperceivethemselves…

perceive:

vt.

1）（oftenpassive）writtentounderstandorthinkofsomethingorsomeoneinaparticularway

e.g.Schoolheadsperceivetheirrolesindifferentways.

Heperceivedhimselfaloserwhocouldnotevensupporthisfamily.（TB）

perceivesomething/somebodyassomething

e.g.Evenasayoungwomanshehadbeenperceivedasafuturechiefexecutive.

Computerswereoftenperceivedasathreat.

perceivesomeone/somethingtobesomething:

e.g.Oftenwhatisperceivedtobeaggressionissimplyfear.

Childrenwhodobadlyinschooltestsoftenperceivethemselvestobefailures.

aperceivedadvantage/need/threat（=onethatpeoplethinkisreal）

e.g.Themostimportantproblemistheperceivedthreattopublichealth.

2）FMLtonotice,see/observe/discover,orrecognizesomething

e.g.Thatmorning,heperceivedachangeinFranca'smood.

Catsarenotabletoperceivecolour.

Musicianscanperceiveverysmalldifferencesinsounds.

perceivethat

e.g.Heperceivedthattherewasnootherwayoutofthecrisis.

Igraduallyperceivedthatcultureandlanguagecannotreallybeseparated.（TB:

tounderstand;tograsp）

→perceptionperceptive

e.g.children'sperceptionsoftheworld

Thereisaperceptionthatmanagementonlywantstocutcosts.

Thepublic’sperceptionofhimisslowlychanging.（thewayyouthinkaboutsomethingandyourideaofwhatitislike）

Rossshowsunusualperceptionforaboyofhisage.（thenaturalabilitytounderstandornoticethingsquickly）

Childrencanbeamazinglyperceptiveaboutadults’moods.（abletonoticeorunderstandthingsquicklyandeasily）

6.…identityisdetermined….chanceevents.

Meaning:

Whoweareisdeterminedbythreethings:

First,ourgenes,orwhatourparentshavegivenus,ourlegacy;second,environment,andthird,luckoropportunities.

endowment:

1）[C]anaturalqualityorabilitythatsomeonehas

e.g.theisland'snaturalendowmentsofwhitesandybeachesandcleanwater

2）[C/U]asumofmoneygiventoacollege,hospitaletctoprovideitwithanincome,ortheactofgivingthismoney资助，捐助

e.g.theendowmentofaProfessorshipatOxford

endow:

vt.

1）tobeendowedwith:

tonaturallyhaveagoodfeatureorquality

e.g.Sheisendowedwithbothbrainsandbeauty.

2）toendowsb.withsth.:

tomakesb.orsth.haveaparticularquality,ortobelievethattheyhaveit

e.g.HerresistancetotheNationalistsendowedherwithlegendarystatus.

TheGeneral’ssupportersendowhimwithanalmostgodlikestatus.

3）togiveacollege,hospitaletcalargesumofmoneythatprovidesitwithanincome

chance:

adj.notplannedorexpected;accidental

chancemeeting/encounter/eventetc

e.g.Achanceremarkbyoneofhiscolleaguesgothimthinking.

Achanceencounterattheconferencegavehimtheopportunitytotelltheprofessorabouthiswork.

Theirfriendshipwastheresultofachancemeeting.

Wilsonhopedhischancediscoverywouldbenefitpoorfamiliesindevelopingnations.

[Paragraph3]independentofVSdependenton;heighten;pursue

7.Whilestudentsaregoingthroughanidentitycrisis,theyarebecomingindependentfromtheirparentsandyettheyarestillverydependentonthem.

tobeindependentof:

（注：

教参上independent后可接of或from。

我参考了朗文、Macmillan和《新世纪英语用法大词典》以及《贺氏英文法全书》，independent后边只能接of，表示“独立的；单独的；有主见的；自立的”等意思；而independence后面接的是from，如：

gainindependencefromBritain脱离英国。

Sheshowsgreatindependenceofmind.她显得很有主见。

《贺氏英文法全书》标注independencefrom/of（脱离…独立））

1）notdependingonotherpeopleforhelp,adviceormoney

e.g.Hiswagesenabledhimtobecomeeconomicallyindependentofhisfamily.（havingenoughmoneytolivewithouthavingtoaskforhelpfromotherpeople）

Bythisage,thechildbecomesrelativelyindependentofhismother.（independent:

confidentandabletodothingsbyyourselfinyourownway,withoutneedinghelporadvicefromotherpeople）

Robertaimedtobeindependentofhisparentsbythetimehewastwen