中考阅读材料名人逸事10篇打包有答案.docx

中考阅读材料名人逸事10篇打包有答案.docx

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中考阅读材料名人逸事10篇打包有答案

名人逸事

[材料1]

Einsteinhadarichsenseofhumor,thoughhismindwasalwaysbusythinkingaboutproblemsofnatureandworkingoutnewtheories.Hewouldsometimescrackajokeortwoevenwhenhemightbespeakingaboutsomecomplicatedtheoryofphysicstoalearnedgroupofscientists.Forexample,heoncegaveatalkonhistheoryoftime.Hediscusseddozensofdifferentideasabouttime.Butafteranhourorsohesuddenlystopped,andwithalookthatseemedtosay“I’msosorry”,heasked,“Doesanyoneknowwhattimeitis?

I’mafraiditisgettinglate.”

Anothertimetowardstheendofhislife,whenhewaswithagroupofyoungstudents,mostlyyoungmen,hewasaskedtoexplainhislawofrelativity.Hesmiled,thensaid:

“Whenyousitwithanicegirlfortwohours,youthinkit’sonlyaminute.Butwhenyousitonahotstoveforaminute,youthinkit’stwohours.Thatisrelativity.”

1.ThispassagemainlytellsusthatEinstein______.

A.wasalwaysbusyworkingoutnewtheories

B.wasalwaysbusythinkgaboutproblemsofnature

C.alwaysgavelecturesonhistheories

D.wasamanofhumor

2.Einsteinwouldsometimescrackajokeortwotomake_______.

A.everybodysurprisedB.histheorieseasytounderstand

C.hisstudentslaughD.histakinteresting

3.OnceEinsteindiscusseddozensofdifferentideasinhistalkonhistheoryof______.

A.timeB.relativityC.spaceD.physics

4.TheexampletoexplainthetheoryofrelativitywasgivenbyEinsteinwhenhewas______.

A.youngB.neartheendofhislife

C.inhishouseD.withagroupofscientists

5.Simplyspeaking,relativitymeans______.

A.onefeelstimeisshortwhenheorsheiswithanicegirl

B.measureofmotion（运动）,spaceandtimearerelative

C.onefeelstimeistoolongwhenheorshesitsonahotstove

D.BothAandC

Key:

1.D2.B3.A4.B5.D

[材料2]

MarkTwain’sFirstMoney

MarkTwainwasaskedonedayifhecouldrememberthefirstmoneyheeverearned.

Hethoughtalongtimeandthensaid,“Yes,itwasatschool.Icanremembereverythingaboutit.Schoolboysinthosedaysdidnottakegoodcareoftheirchairsanddesks.Therewasaruleinourschoolthatifanyonedamagedhisdeskorchair,hewouldhavetopayfivedollarsortheteacherwouldbeathiminfrontofthewholeschool.”

“OnedayIdamagedmydeskinsomeway,Ihadtopayfivedollarsorbebeatenbeforethewholeschool.Myfathersaiditwouldbetoobadtohaveourfamilydisagracedinfrontofthewholeschool.Heagreedtogivemefivedollarstohandovertheteacher.Butbeforehegavemethemoney,hetookmeupstairsandgavemeabeating.”

“ButasIhadonebeatingandIdecidedIwouldtakeanotherbeatingatschoolandkeepthefivedollars.Sothat’swhatIdid.ThatwasthefirstmoneyIeverearned.”

1.MarkTwainearnedhisfirstmoney_________.

A.whenhewasapupilB.whenhebecameawriter

C.whenhetaughtataschoolD.whenhewasbeatenbyhisfather

2.Theschoolmadetherulesothattheycould_____.

A.teachthestudentswell

B.givethestudentsabeating

C.keepthedesksandchairswell

D.askthestudentsformoremoney

3.MarkTwain’sfather______.

A.washappytogivehimthemoney

B.gotangrywhenheknewwhatMarkTwainhaddoneatschool

C.saidsorrytotheteacherwhenheheardthenews

D.agreedtobeatMarkTwainandthengivehimthemoney

4.MarkTwain’sfatherthoughtifhegaveMarkTwainthemoney______.

E.hewouldnotbebeateninfrontofthewholeschool

F.hewouldgototheschoolagain

G.hewouldneverdothatagain

H.hewouldearnthemoney

5.MarkTwainwasbeaten_______.

A.athomeB.onlybyhisfather

C.atschoolD.bothatschoolandathome

6.MarkTwain______.

A.gavethemoneytotheteacher

B.boughtadeskfortheschool

C.askedhisfathertogoupstairs

D.keptthemoneyforhimself

7.MarkTwain’ffatherneathimbecause________.

A.hewantedtoteachtheboyalesson

B.hedidn’twanttheboytobebeatenbytheteacher

C.hedidn’twanttogivehimthemoney

D.hedidn’twanttohavehisfamilydisagraced

Key:

1.A2.C3.B4.A5.D6.D7.D

[材料3]

Edison'sLife

CanyouimaginewhatEdison'slifewaslikeintheyearsafterhehadinventedtheelectriclamp?

Manythingshadtobeinventedandbuiltbeforetheelectriclampcouldreallybeusedbyall.

EverythingthatwasneededhadtobethoughtofandbuiltbyEdisonandthemenwhoworkedwithhim.Therewasnoplacewheretheycouldbuythethingstheyneeded.Edisonmade360inventionsmoreinordertosendelectricpowertowhereveritwaswanted.

Edisondirectedalltheworkhimself:

testingnewmachines,pullingwiresunderground,fixinglights,andsoon.Heseemedtobeeverywhereatthesametime.Hewantedhismentodoasmuchworkashedid.Butheneveraskedthemtodothingsthathehimselfwouldnotdoorcouldnotdo.

Hehadneverthoughtmuchaboutregularhoursforsleep;heoftenforgotcompletelyaboutsleeping.Hesleptforafewminutesatatime,inthemiddleofthenight,inanundergroundroomathispowerstation,withametalboxashisbed.Duringthesedays,healmostneversawhiswifeandchildren.

EveryoneprobablyexpectedthatEdisonenjoyedhissuccesswhenhisworkwascompleted.However,hedidnotnoticeatallthemoneyandhonorhereceived,becausesoonhebecameinterestedinotherideas.

1.AfterEdisoninventedelectriclamp,he_____.

A.didnothingB.builtmanythings

C.stoppedinventingthingsD.needednothing

2.Whothoughtofandbuilteverythingwhichwasneeded?

A.EdisonB.ThemenC.HiswifeD.Hischildren

3.Edisonneveraskedhismentodo_____.

A.asmuchworkashedidB.whathewoulddo

C.whathecoulddoD.whathewouldnotdoorcouldn'tdo

4.Edisonhadneverthoughtmuchaboutregularhoursforsleep.Itmeans_____.

A.Edisonneverforgotaboutsleeping

B.Edisonoftenkeptregularhoursforsleeping

C.Edisonneverkeptregularhoursforsleeping

D.Edisonsometimesforgotaboutsleeping

5.Whichofthefollowingistrue?

A.Edisonbecameinterestedinmoney.

B.Edisonlikedmoneyandhonour.

C.EdisonwasagreatAmericaninventor.

D.EdisonwasagreatEnglishinventor.

Key:

1.B2.A3D.4.C5.C

[材料4]

AlexHarleywasborninthenortheastofNewYorkin1921,buthespentmostofhisearlylifewithhismother’sfamily.Theirhistory,shesaid,beganwithToby.HewasaslavefromAfricaandhisnamewasKintay.

AlexHarleywenttoschoolandthentocollege.In1939,hejoinedtheUScoastguard.AshewasaBlack,hisjobwastowaitontablesandwasheddishes.Inhissparetime,helearnedtowritestories.Heservedinthecoastguardfor20years..Afterheretiredheputallhistimeintowriting.

AlexHarleyrememberedthestorieshisgrandmotherhadtoldhim.Hebegantostudyhisfamilystory.Afteralotofresearch,HarleydecidedthatTobyprobablywasKintaKintefortheWestAfricanMandingopeople.KintaKintewascaughtneartheVillageofJuffureontheGambiaRiver.HewassoldasaslaveinAnnapolis,Marylandin1767.ThenHarleymadeatriptoGambiaandtalkedwithahistoryexpertinJuffure.TheAfricanhistorianmadehisconclusionstronger.

AlexHarleywantedtotelltheexperiencesoftheBlackpeoplein18th-and-19th-centuryAmerica.Hespent10yearsresearchingandwritinghisfamilystoryforthebook“Roots”,Itwaspublishedin1979.ItwonaspecialPulizerPrize.Afewyearslater,afilmseriesbasedonHarley’sbookwasshownonAmericantelevision.

1.Choosetherightorderoftheeventsgiveninthepassage.

a.HemadeatriptoGambia.

b.AlexHarleyknewthestoriesabouttheirfamily

c.Kntayl;ivedneartheGambiaRiver.

d.HarleyretiredfromtheUScoastguard.

e.Tobywassoldasaslave

f.Hebegantostueyhisfamilyhistory.

A.e,c,b,f,d,aB..c,e,b,d,f,a

C.e,b,d,c,a,fD.c,b,d,e,a,f

2.WheredidHarleyspendmostofthischildhood?

A.InGambiaB.InthenorthoftheUS

C.InMarylandD.InthesouthofAmerica

3.WhendidHarleylearntowritestories?

A.In1959B.After1921

C.Before1939D.Inthearmy

4.Whichconclusiondidhedrawafterdoingalotofresearch?

A.Tobywasahistoryexpert.

B.Toby’shometownwasnearGambiaRiver.

C.TobywasanAfricanhistorian.

D.Toby’shometownwasAnnapolis.

5.Whichofthefollowingmighthavehappenedafterwatching“Roots”onTV?

A.EveryAmericantalkingabouttheirfamilystory.

B.NoneoftheAmericanstalkingabouttheirfamilyhistory.

C.ManyAmericansbecameinterestedinresearchingtheirfamilyhistory.

D.OnlytheBlackpeoplebecameinterestedinresearchingtheirfamilyhistory.

Key:

1.B2.D3.A4B5.C

[材料5]

CharlieChaplin

Abouttheyear1900,asmall,darkhairedboynamedCharlieChaplinwasoftenseenwaitingoutsidethebackentrancesofLondontheaters.Helookedthinandhungry.Hewashopingtogetworkinshowbusiness.Hecouldsinganddance,andaboveall,heknewhowtomakepeoplelaugh.Buthecouldn’tgetworkandthereforewanderedaboutthecitystreets.Sometimeshewassentawaytoahomeforchildrenwhohadnoparents.

ButtwentyyearslaterthissameChaplinbecamethegreatest,bestknown,andbestlovedcomedianintheworld.AnyregularvisitortothecinemamusthaveseensomeofCharlieChaplin’sfilms.Peopleeverywherehavesatandlaughedatthemuntilthetearsrandowntheirfaces.Evenpeoplewhodon’tunderstandEnglishcanenjoyChaplin’sfilmsbecausetheyaremostlysilent.Itisn’twhathesaysthatmakesuslaugh.Hiscomedydoesn’tdependuponwordsorlanguage.Itdependsuponlittleactionswhichmeanthesamethingtopeopleallovertheworld.Actingoutwithoutwordsofcommonhumanplaysanimportantpartinthedancesandplaysofmanycountries.It’sakind