江苏牛津版英语8BUnit5知识点整理.docx
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江苏牛津版英语8BUnit5知识点整理
8BU5Goodmanners
一.知识点归纳：
1.politelyadv.礼貌地
eg.Weshouldspeaktotheoldpeoplepolitely.
polite----impolite
eg.Itisimpolitetolaughatothers.
2.littern.垃圾（不可数）近义词rubbish（不可数）
eg.Don’tdrolitter/rubbisheverywhere.
Thereisapublicsignsaying“NoLittering”.
3.runv.流动；跑；（车辆、机器）开动，运转
run---ran---run----running
eg.Don’tleavethetap.
Theboyawaywhenhesawhisfather.
Themachineverywell.
4.pickv.采摘pickflowersinthepark
pickout1.挑选出;拣出Letmepickoutsomegoodonesforyou.
2.辨认出It'seasytopickhimoutinacrowdbecauseheisverytall.
pickup1.拾起Theboypickedupthehatfortheoldman.
2.收拾Youshouldpickupthetoolsafterwork.
3.学到;获得Hewaspickinguptheskillsquickly.
4.与...偶然结识（常指与异性调情）
WepickedupacoupleofgirlsatthepublastFriday.
5.搭便车
pickoff摘掉;取走Youshouldnotpickoffanyoftheflowers.
pickat1.吃得很少Theboyisonlypickingathisfood.
2.找...的岔;挑毛病Whyareyoualwayspickingatme?
5.turnn.轮流
Itisone’sturntodosth.轮到某人做某事
taketurnstodosth.=dosth.inturn=dosthbyturns轮流做某事
eg.Itisyourturntomakeadecision.
Theytooktodothehousework.
=Theydidthehouseworkturn/turns.
6.properadj.恰当的英文释义：
rightorcorrect
properlyadv.
eg.Hecouldnotcomeupwithaanswer.
Idon’tthinkhe’sdoinghisjob.
7.shakesb’shands=shakehandswithsb.与某人握手
shake-shook-shaken
eg.Whenyoumeetapersonforthefirsttime,youcanshakehis/herhands.
Peopleusuallyshakehandswitheachotherwhentheymeet.
8.kissn.亲吻kisses
v.亲吻kisssb.hello/goodbye吻别
eg.Dotheygreetpeoplewithakiss?
9.close.adj.亲密的closefriends
靠近的becloseto=near
v.关闭
closedadj.关着的反义词open
eg.Hishouseistothefactory.
Remembertohedoorwhenyouleave.
Ifoundthedooratthattime.
10.conversationn（非正式）交谈英文释义：
asmalltalk
conversation一般用词，指两个或更多人互相交换意见的交谈。
dialogue指“对话”。
talk普通用词，可与conversation换用，指正式交谈。
chat指熟人之间非常随便的交谈，强调谈话的亲密和非正式性。
eg.Howdopeoplestartaconversation?
11.avoidv.避免英文释义：
trynottodosth
avoiddoingsth/avoidsth
eg.Youshouldavoidsuchmistakes.
Toavoidhittingthetruck,heranintothewallandhisarmwasbadlyhurt.
12.subjectn.话题；主题；科目
eg.Butpleaseavoidsubjectslikeage,weightormoney.
MyfavouritesubjectisEnglish.
[辨析]class,lesson,course
class一节课attendclass听课，上课
inclass在课上
eg.Wehavefourclassesinthemorning.
lesson教材中一课
eg.Ihelpedherwithherlessons.
LessonOneismoreimportant.
course一段时间内学完的完整课程
eg.ThistermI’mtakingfivecourses.
13.publicn.群体inpublic
adj.公共的，公开的publicsigns
eg.Themuseumisopentothepubliceveryday.
Don’tspeakloudlyinpublic.
Dopeopletherebehavepolitelyinpublic?
14.pushv.推，挤英文释义：
goinfrontofotherpeoplewhoarewaiting
pushpastsb.从某人身边挤过去
[拓展]
pushon继续前进Thepathwasbarelyvisible,butwepushedon.
pushin插队
cutin（onsb/sth）插嘴
Don'tcutinonyourmotherwhensheisspeaking.
Don'tcutinonotherpeople'sconversation
pushoff出发Theteampushedoffbeforedawn.
pushalong=pushahead[forward/on]奋力前进;抓紧进行
15.inone’s/theway挡某人路
eg.Youwillhavetomove–youareinmyway.
[拓展]
ina/someway在某种程度上
bytheway顺便说一句Bytheway,howareyourgrandparents?
makeone’sway让路
onthewayto……去某地（onthewayhome；onthewaytoschool）
16.touchv.触摸，感动
n.触摸
keepintouch保持联系
intouchwith与…联系
outoftouch不了解某事
eg.Pleasedon’ttouchanythingintheroom.
Thestoryoftheuglymanreallytouchedme.
17.excuse.v.原谅excuseme劳驾
n.借口（可数）
问路Excuseme,whereistheshop?
客气地请求允许Excuseme,mayIaskyouaquestion?
客气地纠正别人的话Excuseme,itisabird.
打扰他人Excuseme,I’dlikeyoutomovealittle.
eg.Hemadeagoodexcuseforbeinglateforschool.
18.loudlyadv.大声地
Britishpeopledon’tliketoshoutorlaughloudly.
19.tillconj.到…时，直到…为止=until（位于句首，只能用until）
prep.到…时
肯定句：
动作持续到…
否定句（not…until/till）：
直到…才
eg.ShewatchedTVuntil/tillhermothercameback.她一直在看电视，直到她母亲回来。
（看电视的动作延续到母亲回来才结束。
）
Shedidn'twatchTVuntil/tillhermothercameback.直到她母亲回来她才（开始）看电视。
（看电视的动作直到她母亲回来才发生。
）
UntilIfinishedmyhomework,Motherdidn'tletmeout.
20.aswell（as）也；还有
eg.Britishpeopleareverypoliteathomeaswell,aren’tthey?
Mybrotherlikesplayingfootball.
=Mybrotherlikesplayingfootball.
=Mybrotherlikesplayingfootball,.
否定句Mybrotherdoesn’tlikeplayingfootball.
aswellas也；和…一样好
eg.Yourwifeaswellasyouisfriendlytome.（就远原则）
Thebossprovidedlunchbreakfast.
Heplaystheguitaraswellasyou.（同级比较，和…一样好）
21.asconj.正如；当…时候；因为
eg.Asyouknow,Julieisleavingsoon.
AsIwascominghere,Imetyourbrother.
Asitwasraining,Istayedathome.
[拓展]
as…as像
thesame…as和…一样
assoonaspossible尽快地
asif/though好像
suchas比如
22.byaccident/chance偶然
hitsb./sthbyaccident
23.discussionn.讨论discussv.讨论
haveadiscussionwithsb.和某人讨论
discusssthwithsb和某人讨论某事
eg.Shedidn’tjointhe.
Theyaretheproblemwiththeteachers.
24.expressv.表达expressionn.表达
beyondexpression无法形容
expressoneself表明态度
eg.Hedidn’texpresshimselfclearly.
25.explainv.解释explanationn.
explain（sth）tosb像某人解释某事
explain+从句
eg.Idon’twanttoexplainanything.
MrWuispatientenoughtoexplainthingstous.
Heexplainedhowthemachinewasused.
26.keepsb.fromdoing阻止某人做某事
keepsbdoing让某人一直做某事
keepsb/sthadj.使…保持状态
keepsbfromsth保护，使免受
keepquiet/silent
eg.keepussafefromdanger
Ikeepthewindowopenbecauseitistoohot.
Myfatherkeepsmestayingathome.
Tomtriedtokeephimselffromsleeping.
27.bebusywithsth忙于做某事Heisbusywithhisworkdayandnight.
bebusy（in）doingsth忙于做某事Millieisbusy（in）writinganemail.
28.warnv.警告
warnsb（not）todosth警告某人不要做某事
warnsbof/aboutsth警告某人某事
eg.Thepoliceusgooutaloneatnight.
Ihim/thedanger.
29.parkingn.停车
Thereisapublicsignsaying“No”.
30.successfuladj.成功的successfullyadv.成功地successn.成功
succeedv.成功succeedindoingsth
31.sometimeadv.在某个时候attimes有时
sometime某段时间allthetime始终
sometimes=attimes=fromtimetotime有时atatime每次
sometimes几次atalltimes总是
eg.Everyonewillbeluckyorsuccessfulintheirlife.
Hespendsreadingbookseveryday.
Hehasawalkaftersupper.
HehasbeentoBeijing.
nextFriday下周五某个时候
32.soonafter不久以后
eg.Whenonebadthinghappenstoyou,otherbadthingshappensoonafter.
33.makesure确定
eg.Weshouldmakesurethatbothguestandhostsarecomfortableatthetable.
34.riskv.冒险做riskdoingrisk+n.
n.attheriskof冒着…危险
35.pain.疼痛
haveapaininone’sstomach/leg胃疼/腿疼
eg.Thegirlcriedwithpain.
36.practicen.练习v.练习practicedoingsth
eg.Practicemakesperfect.
Hepracticesplayingthepianoeveryday.
37.candlen.蜡烛
burnthecandlesatbothends
38.purposen.目的
onpurpose故意地
withthepurposeof以…的目的
39.conclusionn.结论
cometo/arriveat/reach/drawaconclusion得出结论
inconclusion最后
makeaconclusion下结论
40.aboveall首要的是
eg.Aboveall,tellmequicklywhatIshoulddo.
41.guestn.客人
eg.Wehaveguestsstayingthisweekend.
42.queue=standinlinejumpaqueue插队
43.invitesbtodoinvitationn.
44.bumpinto=comeacross偶遇
二.语法
enough,too…to,so…that互换
adj./advenoughto
tooadj/advto太…以至于不能
soadj/advthat+从句如此…以至于
eg.
Heistooyoungtogotoschool.
Heistogotoschool.
Heishecan’tgotoschool.
Thegirlistoofattowearaskirt.
Thegirlistowearaskirt.
Thegirliswearaskirt.
三.词组归纳
Chinese
English
1.学习有关利礼仪
learnaboutmanners
2．与某人分享某物
sharesthwithsb
3．与其他人分享你的东西
shareyourthingswithothers
4．打断别人
cutinonothers
5．有礼貌的等候
waitpolitely
6．随地扔垃圾
droplittereverywhere
7．在图书馆里保持安静
keepquietinthelibrary
8．遵守交通规则
obeytrafficrules
9．使水龙头一直开着
leavethetaprunning
10．在公园里栽花
pickflowersinthepark
11．排队等候你的顺序
queueforyourturn
12．保持图书馆干净
keepthelibraryclean
13．把…..放回原处
put……back
14．邀请某人做某事
invitesbtodosth
15．人们打招呼的正确方法
theproperwaytogreetpeople
16．握手
shakeone’shand
17．第一次与你见面
meetyouforthefirsttime
18．以亲吻的方式与别人打招呼
greetpeoplewithakiss
19．开始一段对话
startaconversation
20．避免做某事
avoiddoingsth
21．在公共场所举止文明
behavepolitelyinpublic
22．撞到某人
bumpintosb
23．挡道
inone’sway
24．保持低声调
keepvoicedown
25．偶然
byaccident
26．参加讨论
jointhediscussion
27．清楚地表达他自己
expresshimselfclearly
28．公共标志
publicsigns
29．向某人解释某事
explainsthtosb
30．使某人远离危险
keepsbfromdanger
31．警告某人（不）要做某事
warnsb（not）todosth
32．不久后
soonafter
33．实现
cometrue
34．一次
atonetime
35．确保
makesurethat
36．………的目的
thepurposeof
37许多建议
alotofadvice
38．与某人保持联系
keepintouchwithsb
39．忙于做某事
bebusywith=bebusyindoing
40．写下，记下
writedown
41．舞蹈课
dancinglessons
42．主要观点
themainpoints
43．首先
aboveall
44．禁止扔垃圾
Nolittering
45．拍一张……的照片
takeaphotoof
46．禁止拍照
Nophotos
47．禁止抽烟
Nosmoking
48阻止某人做某事
keep/prevent/stopsbfromdongsth
四.句型归纳
1．现在你足够大了，要学习有关礼仪的内容了。
You’reoldenoughtolearnaboutmanners.
2.你什么意思？
Whatdoyoumean?
3,活到老学到老。
Youarenevertoooldtolearn
4.我们看完书后，应把它们放回原处
Weshouldputbooksbackafterreading.
5.他们认为在别人面前插队是不礼貌的。
Theythinkit’srudetopushinbeforeothers.
6.如果你挡道了，他们不会碰你或推着越过你。
Ifyou’reintheirway,theywon’ttouchyouorpushpastyou.
7.正如那句谚语所说，“入乡随俗”
Justasthe
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