版高考英语一轮复习Unit21HumanBiology讲义北师大版选修7doc.docx

版高考英语一轮复习Unit21HumanBiology讲义北师大版选修7doc.docx

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版高考英语一轮复习Unit21HumanBiology讲义北师大版选修7doc

2020版高考英语一轮复习Unit21HumanBiology讲义北师大版选修7

Unit21HumanBiology一课前自主学习Ⅰ.阅读单词知其意1．enhancevt.增强；提高2．supremeadj.程度最大的，极度的3．compulsoryadj.强制性的，义务的4．controversialadj.有争议的5．contradictvt.与其他事物相矛盾6．interpretvt.翻译；解释7．acuteadj.严重的；剧烈的8．statisticsn.统计资料；统计数字9．adaptationn.变化；变种10．mournvi.stand;putupwith等。

5．submitvt.提交；递交vi.服从，屈服[记牢]submitto服从于；屈从于submitsb./oneselfto使某人/自己甘受；服从submit...to...向提交[练通]完成句子①Theheroicpeoplewillneversubmit_toforeignrule.英雄的人民决不会屈服于外国的统治。

②Youmustsubmit_yourself_tothetrafficruleswhendriving.开车时你必须遵守交通规则。

③Iwillsubmit_my_reports_toyouassoonaspossible.我会尽快把报告提交给你。

[用准]在submit...to...中，submit是及物动词，意为“呈交”；而在submitto中，submit是不及物动词，意为“服从”。

[写美]④2014·辽宁高考书面表达除了出色的创意之外，你还需要向学生会提交一份报告，解释你是如何想到这个点子的，以及你使用了哪些材料。

Along_with_your_wonderful_innovation,_you_need_to_submit_a_report_to_the_Student_Union,_explaining_how_the_idea_occurs_to_you_and_what_materials_you_use.6．seeksought，soughtvt.寻找，寻求；追求；探求，探索；试图[记牢]seeksth.fromsb.向某人请求/寻求某物seekafter/forsb./sth.追求/寻找某人/某物seekonesfortune找出路；碰运气seekout找出；寻出seektodosth.试图做某事[练通]单句语法填空①Halfanhourlater,hesoughtouthisfavoritetoyinthebasket,whichmadehimveryhappy.②Hesoughtto_climbclimboverthefence,butfailed.③Theforeignershavesoughthelpfromthelocalgovernment.完成句子④Ifyouwantto_seek_for/after_success,_youmustworkhard.如果你想追求成功，就必须努力工作。

⑤HetoldusthathewasgoingtoBeijingto_seek_his_fortune.他告诉我们他要到北京碰碰运气。

[写美]⑥2014·广东高考书面表达为了理解不同文化中成功生活的意义，理查德从2011年开始在世界各地寻找同年同月同日生的人。

In_order_to_understand_the_meaning_of_successful_life_in_different_cultures,_Richard,_from_2011,_began_to_seek_after/for_time_twins_around_the_world.7．equipvt.使有准备；配备；装备[记牢]1equip...with...用装备equip...forsth./todosth.为做某事而装备beequippedfor/todosth.为做某事装备好；做好准备equipsb.todosth.使某人能够做某事2equipmentn．[U]装备，设备[练通]单句语法填空①Myfatheralwaysremindsmetoequipmyselfforthefuture.②Pleaseequipyourselfwithapencilandarubberfortheexam.③Hisworkexperienceequippedhimto_dealdealwithallkindsofpeople.④Ourschoolisequippedwithmuchadvancedequipmentboughtfromabroad.equip单句改错⑤Equippingwithnewscientificfarmingmethods,theyhavebeenabletouselessfarmlandthaninthepast.Equipping→Equipped⑥Iamgoingtobuytelephoneequipmentsforourcompany.equipments→equipment[写美]⑦2018·全国卷Ⅲ书面表达此外，由于我们学校配备了各种设施，各种各样的体育活动才能够得以举办。

Moreover,_with_all_kinds_of_facilities_equipped_in_our_school,_a_wide_range_of_sports_activities_are_able_to_be_held.8．declinevi.vt.下降；衰退；谢绝n．下降；衰退[辨清]写出下列句中decline的词性和含义①Iinvitedhertomywedding,butshedeclinedmyinvitation.vt.谢绝②Thecompanyreportedasmalldeclineinitsprofits.n.下降③Asisknowntousall,industryinBritainhasbeenonthedeclinesincethe1970s.n.衰退[记牢]1declinetodosth.拒绝做某事declineto下降/减少到declineby下降/减少了2adeclinein/ofsth.在某方面减少/下降indecline下降onthedecline走下坡路，在衰退中fall/gointoadecline开始衰落，陷入衰退[练通]单句语法填空④Therehasbeenasharpdeclinein/oftheamountsofsalesthisyear.⑤Thenumberoftouriststotheresortdeclinedby10percentlastmonth.⑥Thecompany,however,nowdeclinesto_commentcommentfurtheronthesubject.完成句子⑦Hishealth_fell_into_a_declineafterhewasinjuredintheaccident.在事故中受伤后，他的健康状况每况愈下。

⑧Theresawidelyheldbeliefthateducationalstandardshave_been_on_the_declineinthepastfewyears.人们普遍认为过去几年教育标准下降了。

[用准]decline后接不定式作宾语，一般不接动名词；decline表示“谢绝”时，已含有“拒绝接受”之意，所以其后一般不接toaccept，以免语义重复。

[写美]⑨2017·江苏高考书面表达然而，去年中国的经济增长率有所下降。

However,_China_saw_a_decline_in_its_economic_growth_rate_last_year.9．fortunen．财产；大笔的钱；机会；运气[记牢]1seek/tryonesfortune找出路；碰运气makeafortune发财2fortunateadj.幸运的；侥幸的＝luckybefortunatetodosth.有幸做某事3fortunatelyadv.幸运地＝luckily[练通]单句语法填空①Itwasfortunatefortuneenoughthathefoundhislostwalletatlast.②WhatadifficulttestFortunatelyfortunateIhadworkedhard,otherwiseIwouldhavefailed.③Shewasfortunateenoughto_findfindajobassoonasshegraduatedfromtheuniversity.完成句子④Manyyoungpeoplewanttoliveinbigcitiestoseek/try_their_fortune.许多年轻人想在大城市里寻找出路。

⑤Hemade_a_fortuneinthegoldfieldsofSouthAfrica.他在南非的金矿里发了财。

[写美]⑥2014·湖北高考书面表达幸运的是，她受伤不严重，我们把她送到了最近的医院。

Fortunately,_she_was_not_badly_injured_and_we_sent_her_to_the_nearest_hospital.[词汇过关综合训练]Ⅰ.单词拼写1．Mostbabiescandigest消化awiderangeoffoodeasily.2．Theflightwaspostponed延期becauseofthethickfog.3．Youshouldseek寻求advicefromyourlawyeronthismatter.4．Underthecircumstances情况,wemustrelyonourselves.5．Theywereaccusedofabusing滥用theirpowertokeeppricesartificiallyhigh.6．Asweallknow,soilisfundamental根本的tothegrowthoftheplants.7．Thedisappearanceofjobsisasymptom征兆ofadeepersocialeconomicchange.8．Duetobadmanagement,companyprofitshavebeendeclining下降overthelastthreeyears.9．Thisweekly每周一次的schedulemaynotsolveallofyourproblems,butitwillmakeyouawareofhowyouspendyourtime.10．Withsuchashorttimeleftbeforethedeadline最后日期,itisunlikelyforJohntofinishthejobontime.Ⅱ.单句语法填空1．Iamverymuchopposedtopermittingpermithimtogoalone.2．Letspostponemakingmakeadecisionuntilwehavemoreinformation.3．Hehasdeclinedto_comecomeandinthatcasewecanasksomebodyelse.4．Havingbeenusedtowarmclimate,LiMingcanttoleratelivingliveinsuchacoldplace.5．Weseekto_findfindawaytomakeusgetalongwellwiththepeoplearoundus.6．Ifyouwanttoshareastoryofyourpetswiththereaders，youneedtosubmitittoSmartAnimals.7．Youmustcarrythenecessaryequipmentequipwithyou，sinceitsallbutimpossibletofindnaturalsubstitutes.8．Wesharedthebeliefthatifyourefortunatefortuneenoughtohavesuccess,youshouldputsomethingback.9．Hethrewhimselfinfrontofthedoorandprohibitedusfromleaving.10．Ourparentsareconcernedconcernaboutourhealthandfuture.Ⅲ.单句改错1．HemadefortuneinhisbusinesstradeontheInternetlastyear.made后加a2．Thenumberofpopulationinthatcountryisnowinthedecline.去掉第二个the3．Iopposetodestroytherelics,becauseofitsfamearoundtheworldanditslonghistorysince1906._destroy→destroying4．Thetobaccoretailbusinessmenwerestrictlyprohibitedsellingcigarettestoyoungmenunder18.selling前加from5．Hegaveawayhisallmoneytobuysomeequipmentsforthenewschool.equipments→equipmentⅣ.完成句子1．Ioppose/am_opposed_to_going_shoppingonSundaysforitistoocrowded.我反对星期天去购物，因为太拥挤了。

2．Imustremindyouthatatnotimewill_the_school_tolerate_cheating_in_exams.我必须提醒你，学校绝不会容忍考试作弊。

3．Ididntknowwhytheboydeclined_to_answeraquestion.我不知道那个男孩为什么拒绝回答问题。

4．Theyalwayslookforexcusestopostpone_doing_something.他们总是找借口推迟做某事。

5．Weare_submitting_the_proposal_tothecommitteefortheirapproval.我们正把建议提交委员会审批。

一课前自主学习1．in_vain徒然，白费力气2．at_random随便地，随意地3．at_all_costs不管多大代价4．straight_away[串记1]立刻，马上5．wipe_out彻底毁灭6．stop_sth._in_its_tracks终止；消灭7．rob_sb.of_sth.抢劫某人某物8．at_any_rate无论如何；至少9．get_down_to[串记2]开始做10．bring_up教育；抚养；呕吐11．get_through通过考试；完成12．clear_up[串记3]放晴；解释；澄清13．put_off推迟；延期14．miss_out遗漏；遗忘；错过机会15．focus_on聚焦；集中；对准[同根短语串记]串记1.“立即，即刻”短语全接触①atonce立即②rightnow/away立刻③straightaway立刻，马上④innotime立刻，马上⑤inaflash即刻⑥inaninstant立即；马上串记2.“开始/着手做某事”短语精选①getdowntodoingsth.②setouttodosth.③setaboutdoingsth.④settledowntosth.⑤start/begindoing/todosth.串记3.clear短语荟萃①clearup解释；澄清；放晴②clearaway把收拾整洁③clearoff溜掉，离开④clearout把清理干净1．trackandfield田径运动2．athleticperformances运动成绩3．inthewronghands错误地4．thedesiretosucceed获得成功的愿望5．beyondtheirnaturallimits超出了自然极限6．thoroughandsystematicmedicalresearch全面系统的医学研究7．theissueofperformanceenhancingdrugs提高成绩的药物问题8．withalltheinternationaleffortbeingmade随着国际间的共同努力9．passthevirustopeople把病毒传染给人们1．It_is_compulsory_for_winners_to_be_tested_butotherparticipantsareonlytestedatrandom.获胜者要强制性地进行检查，而其他参与者只是随机地检查。

2．TheOlympicspiritthespiritofcompetitionwhichemphasisestakingpartrather_thanwinninghasbeenviolatedbythedesiretosucceedatallcosts.人们不惜任何代价想获胜的愿望违背了重在参与而不是获胜的奥林匹克精神。

3．Havingkilledupto50millionpeoplein18months,withatendencytostriketheyoungandfitratherthantheold,the_Spanish_Flu_is_believed_to__have_beenthemostacuteepidemicinhistory.西班牙流感在18个月内使多达5千万人丧命，并且发病的倾向为年轻力壮的人而不是老年人，它被认为是历史上最严重的流行性传染病。

[学考对接·活学活用]高考采撷一阅读中的词块与句式1．2016·江苏高考阅读BAthirdreasonisthatsocialintelligencedevelopsinchildrenbeforetheirgeneralcognitive认知的skills,atleastwhencomparedwithchimps.用本单元短语替换加黑词汇at_any_rate2．2015·陕西高考阅读DPreviousgenerationsconcentratedongettingchildrentoschoolontime,fed,dressedandreadytolearn.用本单元短语替换加黑词汇focused_on高考采撷二写作中的词块与句式根据汉语及提示翻译句子1．2018·全国卷Ⅱ书面表达希望你不要错过这次活动。

我相信通过影片你能更好地了解我们学校。

missoutHopefully,_you_dont_miss_out_the_activity.I_have_the_confidence_that_you_will_know_our_school_better_through_the_film.2．2018·全国卷Ⅰ书面表达此外，你最好带一些小礼物，比如一本书．Itis＋adj.＋forsb.＋todo...Furthermore,_it_is_advisable_for_you_to_bring_some_small_gifts,_like_a_book.二课堂重点释疑[短语集释]1．atanyrate无论如何；不管怎样；反正，至少[记牢]atthis/thatrate照此情形；如此下去atthe/arateof以的速度或比率；以的价格[练通]完成句子①Youshouldmakeanadjustmentaboutyourbehaviorsat_any_rate.你至少应该对你的行为作出调整。

②At_this_rate,_wewontmakeittothedestinationbefore5oclock.照此情形，5点之前我们是不能到达目的地的。

③Thedriverwasdrivingat_the/a_rate_of100kilometresanhouronthefreeway.司机在高速公路上以每小时100公里的速度开车。

[写美]④2014·湖北高考书面表达在我看来，我们中的每个人无论如何都应该尽力帮助那些需要帮助的人。

In_my_opinion,_every_one_of_us_should_try_our_best_to_help_those_in_need_at_any_rate.2．wipeout彻底毁灭；全部摧毁[记牢]wipeaway擦掉，清除掉wipesth.off/from从上擦去某物；勾销债务等wipesth.withsth