考研英语二真题及解析.docx
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考研英语二真题及解析
2012年全国硕士研究生入学考试英语二试题
SectionⅠUseofEnglish
Directions:
Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword(s)foreachnumberedblankandmark[A],[B],[C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1.(10points)
MillionsofAmericansandforeignersseeG.I.Joeasamindlesswartoy,thesymbolofAmericanmilitaryadventurism,butthat’snothowitusedtobe.Tothemenandwomenwho1inWorldWarⅡandthepeopletheyliberated,theG.I.wasthe2mangrownintohero,thepoorfarmkidtornawayfromhishome,theguywho3alltheburdensofbattle,whosleptincoldfoxholes,whowentwithoutthe4offoodandshelter,whostuckitoutanddrovebacktheNazireignofmurder.Thiswasnotavolunteersoldier,notsomeonewellpaid,5anaverageguyup6thebesttrained,bestequipped,fiercest,mostbrutalenemiesseenincenturies.
Hisnameisn'tmuch.GI.isjustamilitaryabbreviation7.GovernmentIssue,anditwasonallofthearticles8tosoldiers.AndJoe?
Acommonnameforaguywhonever9ittothetop.JoeBlow,JoePalooka.JoeMagrac...aworkingclassname.TheUnitedStateshas10hadapresidentorvice-presidentorsecretaryofstateJoe.
G.I.Joehada11careerfightingGerman,Japanese,andKoreantroops.Heappearsasacharacter.ora12ofAmericanpersonalities,inthe1945movieTheStoryofG.I.Joe,basedonthelastdaysofwarcorrespondentEmiePyle.SomeofthesoldiersPyle13portrayedthemselvesinthefilm.Pylewasfamousforcoveringthe14sideofthewar,writingaboutthedirt-snow-and-mudsoldiersnothowmanymileswere15orwhattownswerecapturedorliberated.Hisreports16the“Willie”cartoonsoffamedStarsandStripesartistBillMaulden.Bothmen17thedirtandexhaustionofwar,the18ofcivilizationthatthesoldierssharedwitheachotherandthecivilians:
coffee,tobacco,whiskey,shelter,sleep.19Egypt,France,andadozenmorecountries,G.I.JoewasanyAmericansoldier,20themostimportantpersonintheirlives.
1.[A]performed [B]served [C]rebelled [D]betrayed
2.[A]actual [B]common [C]special [D]normal
3.[A]bore [B]cased [C]removed [D]loaded
4.[A]necessities [B]facilities [C]commodities [D]properties
5.[A]and [B]nor [C]but [D]hence
6.[A]for [B]into [C]form [D]against
7.[A]meaning [B]implying [C]symbolizing [D]claiming
8.[A]handedout [B]turnover [C]broughtback [D]passeddown
9.[A]pushed [B]got [C]made [D]managed
10.[A]ever [B]never [C]either [D]neither
11.[A]disguised [B]disturbed [C]disputed [D]distinguished
12.[A]company [B]collection [C]community [D]colony
13.[A]employed [B]appointed [C]interviewed [D]questioned
14.[A]ethical [B]military [C]political [D]human
15.[A]ruined [B]commuted [C]patrolled [D]gained
16.[A]paralleled [B]counteracted [C]duplicated [D]contradicted
17.[A]neglected [B]avoided [C]emphasized [D]admired
18.[A]stages [B]illusions [C]fragments [D]advances
19.[A]With [B]To [C]Among [D]Beyond
20.[A]onthecontrary [B]bythismeans [C]fromtheoutset [D]atthatpoint
SectionIIReadingComprehension
PartA
Directions:
Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsbeloweachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.(40points)
Text1
Homeworkhasneverbeenterriblypopularwithstudentsandevenmanyparents,butinrecentlyyearsithasbeenparticularlyscorned.Schooldistrictsacrossthecountry,mostrecentlyLosAngelesUnified,arerevisingtheirthinkingonthiseducationalritual.Unfortunately,L.A.Unifiedhasproducedaninflexiblepolicywhichmandatesthatwiththeexceptionofsomeadvancedcourses,homeworkmaynolongercountformorethan10%ofastudent'sacademicgrade.
Thisruleismeanttoaddressthedifficultythatstudentsfromimpoverishedorchaotichomesmighthaveincompletingtheirhomework.Butthepolicyisunclearandcontradictory.Certainly,nohomeworkshouldbeassignedthatstudentscannotcompleteontheirownorthattheycannotdowithoutexpensiveequipment.Butifthedistrictisessentiallygivingapasstostudentswhodonotdotheirhomeworkbecauseofcomplicatedfamilylives,itisgoingriskilyclosetotheimplicationthatstandardsneedtobeloweredforpoorchildren.
Districtadministratorssaythathomeworkwillstillbeapartofschooling;teachersareallowedtoassignasmuchofitastheywant.Butwithhomeworkcountingfornomorethan10%oftheirgrades,studentscaneasilyskiphalftheirhomeworkandseeverylittledifferenceontheirreportcards.Somestudentsmightdowellonstatetestswithoutcompletingtheirhomework,butwhataboutthestudentswhoperformedwellonthetestsanddidtheirhomework?
Itisquitepossiblethatthehomeworkhelped.Yetratherthanempoweringteacherstofindwhatworksbestfortheirstudents,thepolicyimposesaflat,acrosstheboardrule.
Atthesametime,thepolicyaddressesnoneofthetrulythornyquestionsabouthomework.Ifthedistrictfindshomeworktobeunimportanttoitsstudents'academicachievement,itshouldmovetoreduceoreliminatetheassignments,notmakethemcountforalmostnothing.Conversely,ifhomeworkmatters,itshouldaccountforasignificantportionofthegrade.Meanwhile,thispolicydoesnothingtoensurethatthehomeworkstudentsreceiveismeaningfulorappropriatetotheirageandthesubject,orthatteachersarenotassigningmorethantheyarewillingtoreviewandcorrect.
Thehomeworkrulesshouldbeputonholdwhiletheschoolboard,whichisresponsibleforsettingeducationalpolicy,looksintothematterandconductspublichearings.ItisnottoolateforL.A.Unifiedtodohomeworkright.
21.ItisimpliedinParagraph1thatnowadayshomework________.
[A]isreceivingmorecriticism[B]isnolongeraneducationalritual
[C]isnotrequiredforadvancedcourses[D]isgainingmorepreferences
22.L.A.Unifiedhasmadetheruleabouthomeworkmainlybecausepoorstudents________.
[A]tendtohavemoderateexpectationsfortheireducation[B]haveaskedforadifferenteducationalstandard
[C]mayhaveproblemsfinishingtheirhomework[D]havevoicedtheircomplaintsabouthomework
23.AccordingtoParagraph3,oneproblemwiththepolicyisthatitmay________.
[A]discouragestudentsfromdoinghomework[B]resultinstudents'indifferencetotheirreportcards
[C]underminetheauthorityofstatetests[D]restrictteachers'powerineducation
24.AsmentionedinParagraph4,akeyquestionunansweredabouthomeworkiswhether______.
[A]itshouldbeeliminated[B]itcountsmuchinschooling
[C]itplacesextraburdensonteachers[D]itisimportantforgrades
25.Asuitabletitleforthistextcouldbe________.
[A]WrongInterpretationsofanEducationalPolicy[B]AWelcomedPolicyforPoorStudents
[C]ThornyQuestionsaboutHomework[D]AFaultyApproachtoHomework
Text2
Prettyinpink:
adultwomendonotrememberbeingsoobsessedwiththecolour,yetitispervasiveinouryounggirls'lives.Itisnotthatpinkisintrinsicallybad,butitissuchatinysliceoftherainbowand,thoughitmaycelebrategirlhoodinoneway,italsorepeatedlyandfirmlyfusesgirls'identitytoappearance.Thenitpresentsthatconnection,evenamongtwoyearolds,betweengirlsasnotonlyinnocentbutasevidenceofinnocence.Lookingaround,Idespairedatthesingularlackofimaginationaboutgirls'livesandinterests.
Girls'attractiontopinkmayseemunavoidable,somehowencodedintheirDNA,butaccordingtoJoPaoletti,anassociateprofessorofAmericanStudies,itisnot.Childrenwerenotcolourcodedatalluntiltheearly20thcentury:
intheerabeforedomesticwashingmachinesallbabiesworewhiteasapracticalmatter,sincetheonlywayofgettingclothescleanwastoboilthem.What'smore,bothboysandgirlsworewhatwerethoughtofasgenderneutraldresses.Whennurserycolourswereintroduced,pinkwasactuallyconsideredthemoremasculinecolour,apastelversionofred,whichwasassociatedwithstrength.Blue,withitsintimationsoftheVirginMary,constancyandfaithfulness,symbolizedfemininity.Itwasnotuntilthemid1980s,whenamplifyingageandsexdifferencesbecameadominantchildren'smarketingstrategy,thatpinkfullycameintoitsown,whenitbegantoseeminherentlyattractivetogirls,partofwhatdefinedthemasfemale,atleastforthefirstfewcriticalyears.
Ihadnotrealizedhowprofoundlymarketingtrendsdictatedourperceptionofwhatisnaturaltokids,includingourcorebeliefsabouttheirpsychologicaldevelopment.Takethetoddler.Iassumedthatphasewassomethingexpertsdevelopedafteryearsofresearchintochildren'sbehavior:
wrong.Turnsout,accordingtoDanielCook,ahistorianofchildhoodconsumerism,itwaspopularizedasamarketingtrickbyclothingmanufacturersinthe1930s.
Tradepublicationscounselleddepartmentstoresthat,inordertoincreasesales,theyshouldcreatea“thirdsteppingstone”betweeninfantwearandolderkids'clothes.Itwasonlyafter“toddler”becameacommonshoppers'termthatitevolvedintoabroadlyaccepteddevelopmentalstage.Splittingkids,oradults,intoevertiniercategorieshasprovedasurefirewaytoboostprofits.Andoneoftheeasiestwaystosegmentamarketistomagnifygenderdifferences—orinventthemwheretheydidnotpreviouslyexist.
26.Bysaying “itis…therainbow” (Line2,Para.1),theauthormeanspink________.
[A]shouldnotbethesolerepresentationofgirlhood[B]shouldnotbeassociatedwithgirl