土木工程专业外文文献及翻译.docx

土木工程专业外文文献及翻译.docx

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土木工程专业外文文献及翻译

学校代码：

学号：

外文文献及翻译

（

题目：

AboutBuidingontheStructureDesign

学生姓名：

学院：

土木工程学院

系别：

建筑工程系

专业：

土木工程（建筑工程方向）

班级：

土木08-4班

指导教师：

二〇一二年六月

英文原文：

Buildingconstructionconcretecrackof

preventionandprocessing

Abstract

Thecrackproblemofconcreteisawidespreadexistencebutagaindifficultinsolveofengineeringactualproblem,thistextcarriedonastudyanalysistoalittlebitfamiliarcrackproblemintheconcreteengineering,andaimatconcretethecircumstanceputforwardsomeprevention,processingmeasure.

Keyword:

Concretecrackpreventionprocessing

Foreword

Concrete'sising1kindisanticipatebythefreestonebone,cement,waterandothermixturebutformationoftheinadditionmaterialofqualitybrittlenessnotandalltheconcreteconstructiontransformwithoneself,controletc.aseriesproblem,hardenmodelofintheconcreteexistencenumeroustinyhole,spiritcaveandtinycrack,isexactlybecausethesebeginningstartblemishofexistencejustmaketheconcretepresentonesomenotandallthecharacteristicoftinycrackisakindofharmlesscrackandacceptconcreteheavy,defendShenandalittlebitotherusefunctionnotacreationtoaftertheconcretebesubjectedtolotuscarry,differenceintemperatureetc.function,tinycrackwouldcontinuouslyofexpandwithconnect,endformationwecanseewithouttheaidofinstrumentsofmacroviewthecrackbealsothecrackthattheconcreteoftensayintheengineering.

ConcretebuildingandGoupieceusuallyalltakesewertomakeof,becauseofcrackofexistenceanddevelopmentusuallymakeinnerpartofreinforcingbaretc.materialcreationdecay,lowerreinforcedconcretematerialofloadingability,durableandanti-Shenability,influencebuildingofexternalappearance,servicelife,severitywillthreatarrivepeople'slifeandpropertylotofallofcrashofengineeringsisbecauseoftheunsteadydevelopmentofthecrackwiththeresultagescienceresearchwithagreatdealofoftheconcreteengineeringpracticecertificate,intheconcreteengineeringcrackproblemisineluctable,alsoacceptableincertainlyofthescopejustneedtoadoptvalidofmeasurewillitendangerdegreecontrolatcertainofscopereinforcedconcretenormisalsoexplicitprovision:

Somestructureatplaceofdissimilarityundertheconditionallowexistencecertainthecrackofatunderconstructionshouldasfaraspossibleadoptavalidmeasurecontrolcrackcreation,makethestructuredon'tappearcrackpossiblyorasfaraspossibledecreasecrackofamountandwidth,particularlywanttoasfaraspossibleavoidharmfulcrackofemergence,insureengineeringqualitythus.

Concretecrackcreationofthereasonbealotofandhavealreadytransformedtocauseofcrack:

Suchastemperaturevariety,constringency,inflation,theasymmetrysinktosinketc.reasoncauseofcrack;Haveoutsidecarrythecrackthatthefunctioncause;Protectedenvironmentnotappropriatethecracketc.causedwithchemicaldifferentiationtotreatintheactualengineering,work°outaproblemaccordingtotheactualcircumstance.

Intheconcreteengineeringthefamiliarcrackandtheprevention

Suocrackandprevention

StemtheSuocrackmuchappearaftertheconcreteprotectbeoverofaperiodoftimeorconcretesprinkletobuildtocompletebehindofaroundathecementsyruphumidityofevaporatewouldcreationstemSuo,andthiskindofconstringencyiscan'tSuocrackofthecreationbemainisbecauseofconcreteinsideoutsidehumidityevaporatedegreedissimilaritybutcausetotransformdissimilarityofresult:

Theconcreteissubjectedtoexteriorconditionofinfluence,surfacehumiditylossleadquick,transformbigger,innerpartdegreeofhumidityvarietysmallertransformsmaller,biggersurfacestemtheSuotransformtobesubjectedtoconcreteinnerpartcontrol,creationmorebigpullshoulddintbutcreationrelativehumidityismorelow,cementsyrupbodystemSuomorebig,stemtheSuocrackbemoreeasytheSuocrackismuchsurfaceparallellinesformorthenetshallowthincrack,widthmanybetweenmm,theflatsurfacepartmuchseeinthebigphysicalvolumeconcreteandfollowitmoreinthinnerbeamplankshorttoSuocrackusuallytheanti-Shenofinfluenceconcrete,causethedurableoftherusteclipseinfluenceconcreteofreinforcingbar,underthefunctionofthewaterpressuredintwouldcreationthewaterpowersplitcrackinfluenceconcreteofloadingdintetc..ConcretestemtheSuobemainwithwaterashoftheconcreteratio,thedosageofthecomposition,cementofcement,gathertoanticipateofthedosageofthepropertyanddosage,inadditionetc.relevant.

Mainpreventionmeasure:

Whilebeingtochoosetousetheconstringencyquantitysmallercement,generallowhotwatermireandpowderashfromstovecementintheadoption,lowerthedosageofisaconcreteofstemtheSuobesubjectedtowaterashratioofinfluencemorebig,waterashratiomorebig,stemSuomorebig,sointheconcretematchtheratiothedesignshouldasfaraspossiblecontrolgoodwaterashratioofchoosetouse,theChanaddinthemeantimeaccommodationofreduceisstrictcontrolconcretemixblendwithunderconstructionofmatchratio,useofconcretewaterquantityabsolutecan'tbiginmatchratiodesigngivesettleofusewateristheearlierperiodwhichstrengthenconcretetoprotect,andappropriateextensionprotectofconcreteconstructionwanttobeappropriateextensionconcreteheatpreservationtooverlaytime,andTu2Shuaprotecttoisaconstitutiontheaccommodationisintheconcretestructureoftheconstringencysew.

Suconstringencycrackandprevention

Suconstringencyistheconcreteisbeforecondense,surfacebecauseoflosewaterquickerbutcreationofSuconstringencycrackisgeneralatdryheatorstrongwindtheweatherappear,crack'smuchpresentinginthecenterbreadth,bothendsbeinthecenterthinandthelengthbedifferent,witheachothernotcoherentcrackgenerallong20-30cm,thelongercrackcanreachtoa2-3m,breadth1-5creationofmainreasonis:

TheconcreteiseventuallyalmosthavingnostrengthorstrengthbeforetheNingverysmall,perhapsconcretejusteventuallyNingbutstrengthveryhour,besubjectedtoheatorcomparestrongwinddintofinfluence,theconcretesurfacelosewatertoleadquick,resultininthecapillarycreationbiggernegativepressbutmakeaconcretephysicalvolumesharplyconstringency,butatthistimethestrengthofconcreteagaincan'tresistitsconstringency,thereforecreationinfluenceconcreteSuconstringencyopenthemainfactorofcracktohavewaterashratio,concreteofcondensetime,environmenttemperature,windvelocity,relativehumidity...etc..

Mainpreventionmeasure:

OneischoosetousestemtheSuovaluesmallerhigherHuosoursaltoftheearlierperiodstrengthorcommontheHuosourbrineisstrictthecontrolwaterashratio,theChanaddtoefficientlyreducewatertoincrementthecollapseofconcretefalladegreeandwitheasy,decreasecementandwaterofistosprinklebeforebuildingconcrete,waterbasiclevelandtemplateeventosoakisintimetooverlaytheperhapsdampgrassmatoftheplasticsthinfilm,hempsliceetc.,keepconcreteeventuallybeforetheNingsurfaceismoist,perhapsspraytoprotectetc.tocarryonprotectintheconcreteisintheheatandstrongwindtheweathertowanttoestablishtohidesunandblockbreezefacilities,protectintime.

tosinkcrackandprevention

Thecreationwhichsinktosinkcrackisbecauseofthestructurefoundationsoilqualitynotandevenly,loosesoftorreturntofillsoildishonestorsoakinwaterbutresultintheasymmetrysinktodeclinewiththeresultthat;Perhapsbecauseoftemplatejustdegreeshortage,thetemplateproppeduptooncebeapartfrombigorpropupbottomloosemoveetc.tocause,especiallyatwinter,thetemplatepropupatjellysoilup,jellythesoilturnjellyempresscreationasymmetrytosinktodeclineandcauseconcretestructurecreationkindcrackmanyisdeepenterorpiercethroughsexcrack,italignmenthavesomethingtodowithsinkingtosinkacircumstance,generalfollowwithgroundperpendicularorpresent30°s-45°Capedirectiondevelopment,biggersinktosinkcrack,usuallyhavecertainofwrong,crackwidthusuallywithsinktodeclinequantitydirectproportionwidthundertheinfluenceoftemperaturevarietyfoundationaftertransformstabilitysinktosinkcrackalsobasictendinstability.

Mainpreventionmeasure:

Oneisrightnessloosesoftsoil,returntofillsoilfoundationaconstructionattheupperpartstructurefrontshouldcarryonnecessityofHangsolidwithisthestrengththatassurancetemplateisenoughandjustdegree,andpropupfirm,andmakethefoundationbesubjectedtodintiskeepconcretefromsprinkleinfusingthefoundationintheprocessissoakbyistimethattemplatetoredowntocan'tbetooearly,andwanttonoticetodismantleamoldorderofisatjellysoiltoptaketoestablishtemplatetonoticetoadoptcertainofpreventionmeasure.

crackandprevention

Temperaturecrackmuchtheoccurrenceisinbigsurfaceordifferenceintemperaturevarietyofthephysicalvolumeconcretecomparetheearthareaoftheconcreteaftersprinklingtobuild,inthehardeningtheprocess,cementwaterturnacreationagreatdealofofwaterturnhot,.（bethecementdosageisinthe350-550kg/m3,eachsignsquarethericeconcretewillreleaseacaloriesofkJandmakeconcreteinternalthusthetemperaturerisetoreachto70℃orsoevenhigher）Becausethephysicalvolumeofconcretebemorebig,agreatdealofofwaterturnhotaccumulateattheconcreteinnerpartbutnoteasysendforth,