英语 中考词性转化.docx

英语 中考词性转化.docx

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英语中考词性转化

词性转化总结

名词——形容词

I.名词+y=adj（有双写的）

cloud—cloudyrain—rainy

snow—snowywind—windy

fog—foggysun—sunny

health—healthyluck—lucky

salt—saltysleep—sleepy

fun—funnynoise—noisy

shine—shinytaste—tasty

noise—noisyfur—furry

名词+ly==adj

friend—friendlylove—lovely

day--daily

2.名词+ful/less

care—carefulbeauty—beautiful

cheer—cheerfuldelight—delightful

peace—peacefulpower—powerful

pain----painfulsuccess—successful

wonder—wonderfulpain—painful

color—colorful—colorless

use—useful---useless

help—helpful—helpless

hope—hopeful—hopeless

meaning—meaningful—meaningless

harm—harmful—harmless

home—homelesscheer—cheerless

end—endlessnoise—noiseless

4.名词+al（去e）=adj

society-----social

education—educational

tradition—toaditional

music—musicalperson—personal

culture—culturalnature—natural

practice—practicalmedicine—medicalphysics—physical

education-educational

nation--nationalcenter—central

5名词+ern

west—westerneast—eastern

north—northernsouth—southern

6.名词+ese/n/ish/ch

America—AmericanAsia—Asian

Europe—European

Australia—Australian

England—English

fool—foolishSpain--Spanish

Britian—British

7.名词+en

gold—golden

wood—wooden

wool—woolen

8.名词+able

fashion—fashionable

value—valuable

knowledge==knowledgeable

9.名词+ous（nervous）

danger—dangerous

fame—famous

humor—humorous

特殊情况

energy—energetic

free—freedom

guilt罪恶---guilty内疚的

honest—honesty诚实的

free—freedom

名词—动词

courage—encourage

II、形容词—副词

形词+ly（去e）

polite—politely

true—truly

*（le结尾变ly）

comfortable—comfortably

gentle—gently

simple—simply

terrible—terribly

possible—possibly

probable—probably

sure—surely

safe—safely

wide—widely

serious—seriously

（以y结尾变i+ly）

angry—angrily

busy—busily

easy—easily

happy—happily

heavy—heavily

healthy—healthily

lucky—luckily

noisy—noisily

unlucky—unluckily

bright—brightly

calm—calmly

clear—clearly

correct—correctly

deep—deeply

different—drfferently

excited—excitedly

especial-especially

final—finally

free—freely

loud—loudly

neat—neatly

pleasant—pleasantly

quiet—quietly

quick—quickly

real—really

recent—recently

regular—regularly

sad—sadly

slow—slowly

soft—softly

sudden—suddenly

usual—usually

beautiful—beautifully

careful—carefully

careless—carelessly

peaceful—peacefully

successful—successfully

wonderful—wonderfully

certain—certainly

III、形容词—名词

1.名词+ness（变y为i+ness）

blind--blindness

careful—carefulness

careless—carelessness

cold--coldness

good—goodness

fair--fairness

kind—kindness

ill—illness

rich—richness

sick—sickness

sad—sadness

ugly—ugliness

happy—happiness

unhappy—unhappiness

2.t----ce

different—difference

patient—patience

confident—confidence

important—importance

silent—silence

3.特殊情况

difficult—difficulty

safe—safety

able—ability

wise—wisdom

high—hight

deep—depth

wide—width

long—length

strong—strength

warm—warmth

true—truth

young—youth

foreign—foreigner

engine—engineer

动词—名词

1.动词+er

call—caller

climb—climber

dance—dancer

design—deainger

drive—driver

hunt—hunter

lead—leader

own—owner

organize—organizer

perform—performer

play—player

print—printer

produce—producer

read—reader

report—reporter

record—recorder

sing—singer

speak—sperker

travel—traveller/traveler

wait—waiter—waitress

work—worker

write—writer

swim—swimmer

shop—shopper

run—runner

rob—robber

rub—rubber

win—winner

act—actor—actress

interview—interviewer

2.动词+Or

collect—collector

visit—vsitor

invent—inventor

direct—director

3.动词+tion

collect—collection

celebrate—celebration

communicate—communization

congratulate—congratulation

donate--donation

direct—direction

educate—education

invent—invention

invite—invitation

introduce—introduction

protect—protection

pollute—pollution

predict—prediction

prepare—preparation

pronounce—pronunciation

act—action

suggest—suggestion

operate—operation

organize—organization

realize—realization

4.动词+ment

argue--argument

achieve—achievement

（dis）agree—（dis）agreement

advertise—advertisement

develop—development

govern—government

excite—excitement

enjoy--enjoyment

move—movement

manage--management

improve—improvement

punish—punishment

treat—treatment

disappoint—disappointed

—disappointing

5V+ance/ence结尾

allow—allowance允许

appear—appearance外貌，出现

disappear---disappearance消失

perform----performance--performer

exist—existence存在

6.特殊动---名词

breathe—breath

die—death

grow—growth

choose—choice

decide—decision

divide—division

enter—entrance

fail--failure

marry—marriage

perform—performance

rob—robbery

serve--—service

think—thought

weigh—weight

review—revision

fly—flight

动词+ing==名词

hike—hiking

begin—beginning

jog—jogging

swim—swimming

skate—skating

shake—shaking

write—writing

ski—skiing

walk—walking

end—ending

build—building

cook—cooking

cross—crossing

turn—turning

hear—hearing

meet—meeting

draw—drawing

paint—painting

train—training

warn—warning

spell—spelling

read—reading

come—coming

follow—following

smile—smiling

动词—形容词

1.动词+ed/ing

arrive—arrival

amaze—amazed—amazing

bore—bored—boring

balance—balanced

develop—developed--developing

disturb—disturbed—disturbingdisappoint—disappointed—disappointing

excite—excited—exciting

frighten—frightened—frightening

follow—followed—following

frustrate—frustrating—frustrated

interest—interested—interesting

relax—relaxed—relaxing

surprise—surprised—surprising

satisfy—satisfied—satisfying

tire—tired—tiring

worry—worried—worrying

scare—scared—scaring

scared（恐惧的）—scary（引起恐慌的）

worry—worried

marry—married

satisfy—satisfied

terrify—terrified

2.动词+able（去e）

enjoy—enjoyed

suit—suitable

adjust—adjustable

comfort—comfortable可调节的

avail—available可利用的

believe—believable

resue—reusable

动词+ful

care—careful

forget---forgetful

help—helpful

thank—thankful

use—useful

wonder—wonderful

动词+ive

act—active

create—creative

a+动词

live—alive

sleep—asleep

wake—awake

特殊情况

anger生气-----angry

hunger---hungry

popular-----popularity流行性

like—likely（可能的）

stress—stressed—stressful

organize—organized

die—dead

sleep—sleepy

taste-tasty

lose--lost

speak--spoken

break--broken

名词—名词（表示人）

Greece---Greek

produce—product

talent—talented

art—artist

tour—tourist

science—scientist

piano—pianist

violin—violist/violinist

music—musician

friend—friendship

加前缀un,im,in,ir,dis变反义词

able—unable,disabled

comfortable—uncomfortable

common—uncommon

friendly—unfriendly

fair—unfair

familiar—unfamiliar

grateful—ungrateful

happy—unhappy

healthy—unhealthy

helpful—unhelpful

important—unimportant

kind—unkind

like—unlike

lucky—unlucky

luckily—unluckily

necessary—unnecessary

pleasant—unpleasant

popular—unpopular

tidy--untidy

usual—unusual

welcome—unwelcome

forgettable—unforgettable

comfortable--uncomfortable

patient—impatient

possible—impossible

polite—impolite

correct—incorrect

expensive---inexpensive

regular—irregular

appear—disappear

cover—discover---discovery（n）

honest—dishonest

like—dislike

mis+动词

use—misuse

lead—mislead

understand--misunderstand

需双写最后一个字母变现在分词的动词

begin—beginningchat—chatting

clap—clappingcut—cutting

drop—droppingplan—planning

run—runningsit—sitting

shop—shoppingstop—stoppingswim—swimmingwin—winning

nod—noddingjog--jogging

双写，加er/est变比较级/最高级

wet—wetter—wettest

mad—madder—maddest

red—redder—reddest

sad—sadder—saddest

hot—hotter—hottest

slim—slimmer—slimmest

thin—thinner—thinnest

fat—fatter—fattest

big—bigger—biggest

不规则的比较级、最高级

good—better—best

little—less--least

far—farther/further-

farthest/furthest

bad/badly/ill—worse—worst

many/much—more—most

old-elder/older–eldest/oldest

加es构成复数的名词

tomato—tomatoes

potato—patatoes

mango—mangoes

hero—heroes

注意:

stomach+s

f或fe改成v加es改成复数名词

half—halves

leaf—leaves

loaf—loaves

shelf—shelves

wolf—wolves

knife—knives

life—lives

wife—wives

复数变化不规则的名词

foot—feet

tooth—teeth

mouse—mice

child--children

man—men

woman—women

fireman—firemen

policeman—policemen

postman—postmen

salesman—salesmen

sheep—sheep

fish—fish/fishes

Chinese—Chinese

Japanese—Japanese

deer---deer