全国高考英语模拟考试经典母题30题解析版.docx
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全国高考英语模拟考试经典母题30题解析版
2018年全国高考英语模拟考试经典母题30题（解析版）
1.【2017·全国新课标I】B
IworkwithVolunteersforWildlife,arescueandeducationorganizationatBaileyArboretuminLocustValley.Tryingtohelpinjured,displacedorsickcreaturescanbeheartbreaking;survivalisnevercertain.However,whenitworks,itissimplybeautiful.
IgotarescuecallfromawomaninMuttontown.Shehadfoundayoungowl（猫头鹰）ontheground.WhenIarrived,Isawa2-to3-week-oldowl.Ithadalreadybeenplacedinacarrierforsafety.
Iexaminedthechick（雏鸟）anditseemedfine.IfIcouldlocatethenest,Imighthavebeenabletoputitback,butnoluck.Mynextworkwastoconstructanestandanchoritinatree.
Thehomeownerwasveryhelpful.Awirebasketwasfound.Iputsomepinebranchesintothebaskettomakethisnestsafeandcomfortable.Iplacedthechickinthenest,anditquicklycalmeddown.
Nowallthatwasneededweretheparents,buttheywereabsent.Igavethehomeownerarecordingofthehungerscreamsofowlchicks.Theseadvertisethepresenceofchickstoadults;theymightalsoencourageourchicktostartcallingaswell.Igavetheownerasmuchinformationaspossibleandheadedhometoseewhatnewsthenightmightbring.
Anervousnighttobesure,butsometimesthespiritsofnaturesmileonusall!
Thehomeownercalledtosaythattheparentshadrespondedtotherecordings.Idroveoverandsawthechickinthenestlookinghealthyandactive.Anditwasaccompaniedinthenestbythegreatestsightofall—LUNCH!
Theparentshaddonetheirdutyandwouldprobablycontinuetodoso.
24.Whatisunavoidableintheauthor’srescueworkaccordingtoparagraph1?
A.Efforts made in vain.
B.Getting injured in his work.
C.Feeling uncertain about his future.
D.Creatures forced out of their homes.
25.Why was the author called to Muttontown?
A.To rescue a woman.
B.To take care of a woman.
C.To look at a baby owl.
D.To cure a young owl.
26.What made the chick calm down?
A.A new nest.
B.Some food.
C.A recording.
D.Its parents.
27.How would the author feel about the outcome of the event?
A.It’s unexpected.
B. It’s beautiful.
C. It’s humorous.
D. It’s discouraging.
【文章大意】救助小动物并没有那么简单，因为你所做的救助行为到最后可能都成了无用功。
但无论结果怎样，救助小动物的这种行为是美好的。
本文主要介绍了作者救助一只小猫头鹰，给它做新的窝，帮助它回到父母身边的故事。
【名师点睛】
尽管近几年高考英语阅读试题中推断题呈不断上升的趋势，但细节题仍然占有较大比例，而且已由过去简单的对号入座直接答题转向通过语句的同义或反义转换来考查考生对英语语言的理解能力，因此难度比往年有所增加。
对于直接信息的细节题来说，考生可以首先从问题中找到关键词，然后以此为线索，运用略读及查阅的技巧在文中迅速寻找这一细节，找到后再把这一部分内容仔细阅读一遍，仔细比较所给选项与文中细节的细微区别，在准确理解细节的前提下，最后确定最佳答案。
而细节理解题是介于事实细节题和推理判断题之间的一种题型，做这类题目时，考生需要对原文信息进行加工处理，然后再进行进一步的推理或鉴别，这对考生来说有一定难度。
例如第25题WhywastheauthorcalledtoMuttontown?
作者为什么会被打电话喊去Muttontown呢？
通过浏览后文考生都知道是和救助小猫头鹰有关，但C选项Tolookatababyowl.和D选项Tocureayoungowl.中都涉及到了“小猫头鹰”，那到底是去“看小猫头鹰”还是去“治疗小猫头鹰”呢？
毕竟文章第一段中介绍作者工作职责的句子IworkwithVolunteersforWildlife,arescueandeducationorganizationatBaileyArboretuminLocustValley.中出现了rescue“救援”这个单词。
再加上后文又出现injured，displacedorsickcreatures等单词，给考生的心理暗示就是被救助的小动物都是受伤的状态。
有了前文的暗示，考生很有可能会选择D选项，认为作者接到电话后去Muttontown救助小猫头鹰。
但实际上，小猫头鹰只是掉在地面上，并没有受伤。
根据这一点，D选项就被排除了。
所以正确答案是C选项。
2.【2017·全国新课标I】D
Abuild-it-yourselfsolarstill（蒸馏器）isoneofthebestwaystoobtaindrinkingwaterinareaswheretheliquidisnotreadilyavailable.DevelopedbytwodoctorsintheU.S.DepartmentofAgriculture,it’sanexcellentwatercollector.Unfortunately,youmustcarrythenecessaryequipmentwithyou,sinceit’sallbutimpossibletofindnaturalsubstitutes.Theonlycomponentsrequired,though,area5＇
5＇sheetofclearorslightlymilkyplastic,sixfeetofplastictube,andacontainer—perhapsjustadrinkingcup—tocatchthewater.Thesepiecescanbefoldedintoaneatlittlepackandfastenedonyourbelt.
Toconstructaworkingstill,useasharpstickorrocktodigaholefourfeetacrossandthreefeetdeep.Trytomaketheholeinadampareatoincreasethewatercatcher’sproductivity.Placeyourcupinthedeepestpartofthehole.Thenlaythetubeinplacesothatoneendrestsallthewayinthecupandtherestofthelinerunsup—andout—thesideofthehole.
Next,covertheholewiththeplasticsheet,securingtheedgesoftheplasticwithdirtandweightingthesheet’scenterdownwitharock.Theplasticshouldnowformacone（圆锥体）with45-degree-angledsides.Thelowpointofthesheetmustbecentereddirectlyover,andnomorethanthreeinchesabove,thecup.
Thesolarstillworksbycreatingagreenhouseundertheplastic.Groundwaterevaporates（蒸发）andcollectsonthesheetuntilsmalldropsofwaterform,rundownthematerialandfalloffintothecup.Whenthecontainerisfull,youcansucktherefreshmentoutthroughthetube,andwon’thavetobreakdownthestilleverytimeyouneedadrink.
32.Whatdoweknowaboutthesolarstillequipmentfromthefirstparagraph?
A.It’sdelicate.B.It’sexpensive.
C.It’scomplex.D.It’sportable.
33.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase“thewatercatcher”inparagraph2referto?
A.Thetube.B.Thestill.
C.Thehole.D.Thecup.
34.What’sthelaststepofconstructingaworkingsolarstill?
A.Digaholeofacertainsize.B.Putthecupinplace.
C.Weightthesheet’scenterdown.D.Covertheholewiththeplasticsheet.
35.Whenasolarstillworks,dropsofwatercomeintothecupform.
A.theplastictubeB.outsidethehole
C.theopenairD.beneaththesheet
【答案】
35.D推理判断题。
结合第四段中的Groundwaterevaporates（蒸发）andcollectsonthesheetuntilsmalldropsofwaterform,rundownthematerialandfalloffintothecup可知地下水蒸发，在覆盖膜上聚集起来直到形成小水滴落在杯子里。
覆盖膜是在杯子上面的，水滴落入杯子里。
所以水滴是凝聚在覆盖膜的下面。
故选D。
【名师点睛】
近年来全国统一高考中加大了对考生猜词义能力的考查，因此，掌握一定的猜词技巧，对突破高考阅读理解、提高同学们的英语语言能力都有非常重要的意义。
这类试题包括对生词生义的推测、熟词生义的推测、以及对it/they/them等代词的确指对象的判断等。
做这种类型的题，要根据词、词组、句子所在的语境来判断其意义。
因此熟练掌握一些猜词技巧是做好这类题的关键。
命题者在出这类题时惯用常规词义来麻痹考生，考生要特别注意熟词生义，切不可脱离语境想当然。
猜测词义时，要掌握以下六种解题技巧：
技巧1定义法：
一般通过定义/定语从句/词组或同位语从句来确定词义。
技巧2对比法：
利用文中的反义词、表对比关系的词猜测词义。
技巧3因果法：
从原因推测结果，从结果推测原因。
技巧4例举法：
利用文中的举例猜测词义。
技巧5构词法：
在猜测词义过程中，我们还可以依靠构词法方面的知识，从生词本身猜测词义。
技巧6根据文段中出现的同义、近义或反义词的意思进行判断。
技巧7根据句子结构进行判断。
技巧8根据文章的背景进行判断。
技巧9上下文：
利用语境及前后的提示来猜测词义。
本篇阅读中的第33小题就属于词义猜测题。
考生可以根据技巧9上下文：
利用语境及前后的提示来猜测词义来选择正确答案。
划线短语thewatercatcher很简单，考生一看就知道是“获得水的物品”的意思，在蒸馏器整个装置中，接水的东西就是杯子，这根据常识也知道的，因此很容易错选为D选项。
如果考生仔细读划线短语所在的句子Trytomaketheholeinadampareatoincreasethewatercatcher’sproductivity就会发现一个关键的单词productivity。
productivity表示“生产效率，工作效率”，杯子接水是它本来的功能，不会因为环境变化而加快聚水或减慢聚水。
在潮湿的地方挖洞是因为潮湿的土中含有的水相对丰富，水蒸气蒸发凝成水珠就快些，这和水杯完全没有关系。
所以结合上下文可知，thewatercatcher指的是蒸馏器整个装置。
3.[2017·北京卷]
ItwasacoldMarchdayinHighPoint,NorthCarolina.ThegirlsontheWesleyanAcademysoftballteamwerewaitingfortheirnextturnsatbatduringpractice,stampingtheirfeettostaywarm.EighthgraderTaylorBisbeeshivered（发抖）alittleasshewatchedherteammateParisWhiteplay.Thetwodidn'tknoweachotherwell—Taylorhadjustmovedtotownamonthorsobefore.
Suddenly,Parisfelltotheground.“Paris'seyesrolledback，”Taylorsays.“Shestartedshaking.Iknewitwasanemergency.”
Itcertainlywas.Parishadsufferedasuddenheartfailure.Withoutimmediatemedicalcare,Pariswoulddie.Atfirst,noonemoved.Thegirlswereinshock.Thenthesoftballcoachshoutedout,“DoesanyoneknowCPR？
”
CPRisalifesavingtechnique.TodoCPR,youpressonthesickperson'schestsothatbloodmovesthroughthebodyandtakesoxygentoorgans.Withoutoxygen,thebrainisdamagedquickly.
Amazingly,TaylorhadjusttakenaCPRcoursethedaybefore.Still,shehesitated.Shedidn'tthinksheknewitwellenough.Butwhennooneelsecameforward,TaylorrantoParisandbegandoingCPR.“Itwasscary.Iknewitwasthedifferencebetweenlifeanddeath，”saysTaylor.
Taylor'sswiftactionhelpedherteammatescalmdown.Onegirlcalled911.Twomorerantogettheschoolnurse,whobroughtadefibrillator,anelectronicdevice（器械）thatcanshocktheheartbackintowork.Luckstayedwiththem:
Paris'sheartbeatreturned.
“IknowIwasreallylucky，”Parissaysnow.“Mostpeopledon'tsurvivethis.Myteamsavedmylife.”
ExpertssayParisisright:
forasuddenheartfailure,thesinglebestchanceforsurvivalishavingsomeonenearbystepinanddoCPRquickly.
Today,Parisisbackonthesoftballteam.Taylorwillapplytocollegesoon.Shewantstobeanurse.“Ifeelmoreconfidentinmyactionsnow，”Taylorsays.“IknowIcanactunderpressureinascarysituation.”
56．WhathappenedtoParisonaMarchday?
A．Shecaughtabadcold.
B．Shehadasuddenheartproblem.
C．Shewasknockeddownbyaball.
D．Sheshiveredterriblyduringpractice.
57．WhydoesParissayshewaslucky?
A．Shemadeaworthyfriend.
B．Sherecoveredfromshock.
C．ShereceivedimmediateCPR.
D．Shecamebackonthesoftballteam.
58．WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeTaylor?
A．Enthusiasticandkind.
B．Courageousandcalm.
C．Cooperativeandgenerous.
D．Ambitiousandprofessional.
【文章大意】本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了垒球女孩Paris在打球的过程中突然心力衰竭，队友Taylor对其进行了紧急心肺复苏，Paris因此恢复了心跳的故事。
文章旨在说明病人心力衰竭时，其他人保持冷静并对其进行紧急心肺复苏的重要性。
4.[2017·全国卷Ⅱ]
IfirstmetPaulNewmanin1968,whenGeorgeRoyHill,thedirectorofButchCassidyandtheSundanceKid,introducedusinNewYorkCity.Whenthestudiodidn'twantmeforthefilm—itwantedsomebodyaswellknownasPaul—hestoodupforme.Idon'tknowhowmanypeoplewouldhavedonethat;theywouldhavelistenedtotheiragentsorthestudiopowers.
ThefriendshipthatgrewoutoftheexperienceofmakingthatfilmandTheStingfouryearslaterhaditsrootinthefactthatalthoughtherewasanagedifference,webothcamefromatraditionoftheatreandliveTV.Wewererespectfulofcraft（技艺）andfocusedondiggingintothecharactersweweregoingtoplay.Bothofushadthequalitiesandvirtuesthat
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