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版英语全国选修6同步导学笔记文档Unit1P
PeriodThree Grammar—SubjunctiveMood
(1)
课文原句感知
1.Ifyoucouldhave(have)threeofthesepaintingsonthewallsofyourclassroom,whichwouldyouchoose(choose)?
2.Ifyouwere(be)anartist,whatkindofpictureswouldyoupaint(paint)?
3.Iftherulesofperspectivehadnotbeendiscovered(not,discover),noonewouldhavebeen(be)abletopaintsuchrealisticpictures.
4.Withoutthenewpaintsandthenewtechnique,wewouldnotbe(not,be)abletoseethemanygreatmasterpiecesforwhichthisperiodisfamous.
5.Therearescoresofmodernartstyles,butwithouttheImpressionists,manyofthesepaintingstylesmightnotexist(not,exist).
虚拟语气是英语测试的重点之一。
虚拟语气用来表示说话人所说的话并不是事实,而是一种假设、愿望、怀疑或推测。
其使用情况如下:
一、虚拟语气在if条件从句中的用法
if条件从句
条件从句的谓语形式
主句的谓语形式
表示与现在相反的情况
动词过去式(be动词常用were)
would/should/could/
might+动词原形
1.Ifwehadenoughmoney,wewouldbuyacomputer.
如果我们有足够的钱,我们就会买台电脑。
2.Weretheyherenow,theycouldhelpus.
如果现在他们在这里,他们就能帮助我们。
表示与过去相反的情况
had+过去分词
would/should/could/
might+have+过去分词
1.Ifhehadknownyouraddressyesterday,hewouldhavevisitedyou.
如果他昨天知道你的地址,他就会拜访你了。
2.HadIworkedharderatschool,I’dhavegotabetterjob.
如果我在学校学习更努力的话,就会找到一份更好的工作。
表示与将来相反的情况,是对将来的一种假设(发生的可能性不大)
should+动词原形;wereto+动词原形;动词过去式(be动词常用were)
would/should/could/
might+动词原形
1.Ifitshouldraintomorrow,we’dstayathome.(下雨的可能性并不大)
如果明天下雨,我们就待在家里。
2.WereItomeetMarysomeday,Iwouldtellherwhathashappenedhere.
如果有一天我遇到玛丽,我就会告诉她这里发生的一切。
3.Ifourtrainarrivedontime,wewouldhavetimetovisityoursister.
如果我们的火车能按时到达,我们就有时间去看你妹妹。
注意:
虚拟条件句中有had,should,were时,可将if去掉,把had,should,were提到主语之前,即倒装结构,如例2。
二、使用虚拟语气的其他情况
1.
(1)在wish后的宾语从句及ifonly后的从句中,表示现在的愿望,谓语常用过去时。
IwishIknewhisaddress.
我要是知道他的地址就好了。
IwishIwereyoung.我要是年轻就好了。
IwishIcouldswim.我要是会游泳就好了。
Ifonlymothercouldbeherenow!
现在要是妈妈在这里就好了!
(2)表示过去不能实现的愿望,并对此感到遗憾或后悔,谓语用过去完成时。
Iwishyouhadwrittentohim.我希望你写信给他了。
Ihavefailedintheexam.IfonlyIhadfollowedyouradvice!
我考试没及格。
要是我听了你的建议就好了!
(3)表示将来的愿望,谓语用would/could/might+动词原形,实现的可能性较低,接近一种客气的请求。
Iwishyouwouldn’tsmokeanymore.
我希望你不再抽烟了。
Iwishhecouldcometomorrow.我希望他明天能来。
Ifonlyitwouldstopraining!
要是雨能停就好了!
2.在wouldrather后的宾语从句中,谓语常用一般过去时表示现在或将来的情况;用过去完成时表示过去的情况。
IwouldratherIhadn’tbeentosuchaplace.
我宁愿我没有去过那样一个地方。
3.某些介词或介词短语,如butfor,without,副词或连词,如otherwise,however,or,but等也可以表达一个暗含的虚拟的条件,这种情况下要仔细阅读上下文的语境,如:
Forthegreaterpartofthevoyagewehadpleasantweather,buttowardstheendofourcrossingaterriblestormcameupandtheshipwouldhavesunkwithallonaboardbutfortheeffortsofthecaptain.
在这次航行的大部分时间里,天气都很好。
但是在航行临近结束时刮起了可怕的风暴,要不是由于船长的努力,所有的乘客就会跟着轮船一起沉没了。
4.有时条件从句表示的动作和主句表示的动作发生的时间不一致,这类句子称为错综时间条件句。
此时主、从句动词的形式应根据各自所表示的时间进行调整。
Ifhehadtakenmyadvicethen,hewouldn’tbeintroublenow.
如果那时他听取了我的建议,现在他就不会有麻烦了。
Ifsheweretoleave,Iwouldhaveheardaboutit.
如果她要走,我会听说的。
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Ifthenewsafetysystemhadbeenput(put)touse,theaccidentwouldneverhavehappened.(2017·北京)
2.—DoyouhaveBetty’sphonenumber?
—Yes.Otherwise,Iwouldn’thavebeen(not,be)abletoreachheryesterday.(2017·天津)
3.Were(be)itnotforthesupportoftheteachers,thestudentcouldnotovercomeherdifficulty.(2017·江苏)
4.Whydidn’tyoutellmeaboutyourtroublelastweek?
Ifyouhadtold(tell)me,Icouldhavehelped.(2016·北京)
5.Ifithadnotbeen(not,be)forhisinvitationtheotherday,Ishouldnotbeherenow.(2016·江苏)
6.Iwaswearingaseatbelt.IfIhadn’tbeenwearingone,Iwouldhavebeeninjured(injure).(2016·天津)
7.Withouthiswartimeexperiences,Hemingwaywouldn’thavewritten(not,write)hisfamousnovelAFarewelltoArms.(2015·重庆)
8.IwishIhadbeen(be)atmysister’sweddinglastTuesday,butIwasonabusinesstripinNewYorkthen.(2015·天津)
9.Itisluckywebookedaroom,orwewouldhave(have)nowheretostaynow.(2015·安徽)
Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)
1.Someclassmatessuggestwecan或
gotoplacesofinterestnearby.(2016·全国Ⅱ,短文改错)
2.Ifyou
me,wouldyoutalktothem?
(2015·四川,短文改错)
Ⅰ.单句语法填空
1.Ifthereshouldbe/were(be)anychangeaboutthedate,Iwouldinformyouintime.
2.Hadtheweatherbeengood,thetwinswouldhavegone(go)outforawalk.
3.Mybestfriendisintrouble.IfonlyIhad(have)enoughmoneytohelpher!
4.HowIwishIhadseen(see)heratthestation,butIwastoobusy.
5.Wearrivedthereontime.Otherwisewewouldhavemissed(miss)theearlybus.
Ⅱ.单句改错(每小题仅有1处错误)
6.IfonlyI
playedcomputergameslastnight!
7.Ifit
或
thisafternoon,thefootballmatchwouldbeputoff.
8.IfI
abigboss,Iwouldhelpthepoorchildrenintheworld.
9.IwouldratherI
acceptedhisofferthatday.
10.Hewisheshisson
becomeafamousdoctorsomeday.
Ⅲ.完成句子
11.要是我能发明一个强大的机器人就好了!
IfonlyIcouldinventapowerfulrobot!
12.我希望有一天我能乘坐宇宙飞船登上月球。
IwishIcould/wouldgotothemooninaspaceshiponeday.
13.如果他昨晚没有迟到,他就会抓住这次机会了。
Ifhehadn’tbeenlatelastnight,hewouldhavegraspedthechance.
14.要是没有考试,现在我们会过着一种轻松很多的生活。
Withoutexams,wewouldliveamucheasierlifenow.
15.他宁愿那天没有对儿子大喊大叫。
Hewouldratherhehadn’tshoutedathissonthatday.
Ⅳ.语法填空
(2017·陕西山阳中学高二检测)
Longtimeago,16.anemperorofChinawantedtogetapaintingofroosters.Soheaskedafamouspainter17.who/thatwasgoodatpaintingflowersand18.birds(bird)topaintaroosterforhim.Hewantedtheroostertobethe19.best(good)amongallhiscollections.Thepainterpromised20.todo(do)so.Then,theemperorwaitedandwaitedforoneyear,buthedidn’tgetthepicture.Finally,theemperorbecame21.angry(anger)andwantedtokillthepainter.22.Knowing(know)theshockingnews,thepainterhurriedintothepalacewithpaper,paint,andabrush.Withinfiveminutes,aperfectroosterappearedonthepaper.Afterseeingthis,theemperorbecamemuchangrier.“Sinceyoucanpaintaroosterinfiveminutes,whydidyoukeepme23.waiting(wait)foroverayear?
”heasked.Thepainterinvitedtheemperortohishouse.There,theemperorsawpilesandpilesofpaper.Oneverypieceofpaper24.was(be)apaintingofarooster.“YourMajesty,”saidthepainter,“25.IttookmemorethanayeartoimprovemypaintingskillsothatIcanpaintaperfectroosterforyou.”
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
(2017·山西大学附中高二检测)
Itistruethatpeoplewithbettereducationareusuallyabletogetbetterpayingjobs.Inotherwords,theyhavemorechancestochooseagoodjobwhilepeoplewithlittleornoeducationdon’t.Itseemsthatthepurposeofeducationistomakepeoplegetjobs.Butthisisn’tacceptedbyallpeople.
Somepeoplemaythinkthatapersonshouldspendthebestyearsofhislifetogeteducationonlyforawayofliving.Thiswasprobablyoneoftheearliestreasonsofeducation.Infact,ifeducationisjustawayofmakingaliving,peopledon’tneedtospendsomuchtimeinschool.Peoplecangeteducationforalivinginashorttime.Subjectslikehistoryandgeographyneednotbetaughttoeveryone.Evenlanguageandmathsneednotbetaughtindetail(详细地),either.Hereitisclearthateducationismuchmorethanteachingamantogetawayofliving.
Educationiswellroundedanditismainlyforimprovingaman.Itisnotonlytoteachhimtospeak,readandwrite,butalsotodevelophiscreativethinkingandotherabilities.Afterthat,itistomakehimawisemanandthankfullyenjoytheachievementsofhuman.Educationistomakeamanleadabetterlife.Educatedpeopleareexpectedtobeabletolistentogoodmusic,readgoodbooks,watchplaysandtakeaninterestintheworld.
Iwouldagreethatmakingagoodlivingisanimportantreasonforeducation,butcertainlynotthemostimportantorthemainreason.
语篇解读 本文的主题是:
接受教育是为了什么?
接受教育不仅仅是为了找工作,而是为了自我提高、自我完善。
1.Peoplewithlittleeducationusually.
A.spendalongtimeinschool
B.haveagoodchancetogetajob
C.spendthebestyearstochoosejobs
D.havefewerchancestogetagoodjob
答案 D
解析 细节理解题。
根据第一段前两句可知,接受教育很少的人得到好工作的机会很少,故D项正确。
2.Theearliesteducationwasprobablyto.
A.makeamanleadabetterlife
B.teachamantowriteandread
C.makepeoplegetawayofliving
D.teachpeopletoreadgoodbooks
答案 C
解析 细节理解题。
根据第二段前两句可知,早期的教育是为了让人们谋生,故C项正确。
3.Theunderlinedword“wellrounded”inParagraph3means“”inChinese.
A.圆满的B.崭新的
C.公平的D.全面的
答案 D
解析 词义猜测题。
根据画线词下一句“Itisnotonlytoteachhimtospeak,readandwrite,butalsotodevelophiscreativethinkingandotherabilities.”可知,教育是全面的,它不仅是教会一个人说、读、写,而且还开发他的思维和其他能力,故D项正确。
4.Itisexpectedthateducatedpeoplewillbeableto.
A.accepteducationasawayofliving
B.takeaninterestinthewholeworld
C.developtheirabilitiestomakeplays
D.learnsubjectslikelanguageandmath
答案 B
解析 细节理解题。
根据第三段最后一句可知,受过教育的人能够对整个世界都感兴趣,故B项正确。
B
(2017·山西康杰中学高二检测)
TheNutcracker
Time:
May5
Place:
WuhanTheater
Enjoyafairytalecometolifewiththisamazingproduction,presentedbythefamousRussianStateBallet.TheballettellsthestoryofalittlegirlwhoreceivesanutcrackerasapresentonChristmasEve.Suddenly,ittransformsintoalittleprince,andhetakesthegirlonavoyagethroughtheLandofSnow.ThisproductionisasuperbperformancewhichliveduptothemysteryofthecharmingRussianclassic.
HelloSadness
Time:
OngoinguntilMay1
Place:
ShanghaiArtTheater
Thisplayisadaptedfromthe1954FrenchnovelBonjourTristesse,writtenbyFrancoiseSaganwhenshewasonly18.Thestoryisabouta17yearoldgirl,Cecile,wholiveswithherfatherRaymond.WhenRaymondfinallydecidestosettledownwithawoman,Cecileworriesabouthowherlifewillchange,andshetriestodestroythemarriage.Bepreparedforasadending.
RainZone
Time:
OngoinguntilJune19
Place:
ZhujiangPartyPierBeerCulture&ArtZone,Guangzhou
Ifyouhavewonderedwhatitisliketowalkintherainwithoutgettingwet,thisisanexhibitio