北京地区学位英语真题与答案.docx

北京地区学位英语真题与答案.docx

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北京地区学位英语真题与答案

2011年5月7日北京地区学位英语独家文字版真题与答案

成人本科学士学位英语统一考试

   PartI ReadingComprehension（30%）

   Directions：

Therearethreepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA，B，CandD.YoushoulddecideonthebestchoiceandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.

   Passage1

   QuestionsIto5arebasedonthefollowingpassage：

   Spending50minuteswithacellphoneclosetoyourearisenoughtochangebraincellactivityinthepartofthebrainclosesttotheantenna（天线）。

Butwhetherthatcausesanyharmisnotclear，scientistsattheNationalInstituteofHealthsaidataconferencelastmonth，addingthatthestudywillnotlikelysettleconcernsofalinkbetweencellphonesandbraincancer.“Whatweshowedisglucose（葡萄糖）metabolism（代谢）（asignofbrainactivity）increasesinthebraininpeoplewhowereexposedtoacellphoneintheareaclosesttotheantenna，"saidDr.NoraVolkowoftheNIH，whosestudywaspublishedintheJournaloftheAmericanMedicalAssociation.（76）Thestudywasmeanttoexaminehowthebrainreactstoelectromagneticfieldscausedbywirelessphonesignals.

   Volkowsaidshewassurprisedthattheweakelectromagneticradiation（电磁辐射）fromcellphonescouldaffectbrainactivity，butshesaidthefindingsdonotshedanylightonwhethercellphonescausecancer.“Thisstudydoesnotinanywayindicatethat.Whatthestudydoesistoshowthehumanbrainissensitivetoelectromagneticradiationfromcellphoneexposures.”Useofthedeviceshasincreaseddramaticallysincetheywereintroducedintheearlyl980s，withabout5billioncellphonesnowinuseworldwide.

   Somestudieshavelinkedcellphoneexposuretoanincreasedriskofbraincancers.butalargestudybytheWorldHealthOrganizationdidnotofferaclearanswertothis.Volkow‘steamstudied47peoplewhohadtheirbrainexaminedwhileacellphonewasturnedonfor50minutesandanotherwhilethephonewasturnedoff.Whiletherewasnocompletechangeinbrainmetabolism，theyfounda7percentincreaseinbrainmetabolismintheregionclosesttothecellphoneantennawhenthephonewason.（77）Expertssaidtheresultswereinteresting，buturgedthattheybeunderstoodwithgreatcare.“Althoughthebiologicalsignificance，ifany，ofincreasedglucosemetabolismfromtoomuchcellphoneexposureisunknown，theresultsrequirefurtherinvestigation，”HenryLaioftheUniversityofWashingtonintheU.S.andDr.LennartHardellofUniversityHospitalinSweden，wroteinanarticleinJAMA.“Muchhastobedonetofurtherinvestigateandunderstandtheseeffects.”theywrote.

   1.Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingisTRUE？

   A.Cellphoneuseisdangerous.

   B.Cellphoneusecausescancer.

   C.Thehumanbrainisanelectromagneticfield.

   D.Thereareabout5billioncellphoneusersintheworldrightnow.

   2.DoctorVolkowwasastonishedbecause______.

   A.herresearchhasshedlightonherunderstandingofcellphone

   B.shefoundthatcellphoneexposureisharmfultohumanbrain

   C.shefoundthatusingacellphoneforabout50minutescouldinfluenceorchangebrainactivity

   D.humanbrainisnotresponsivetoelectromagneticradiation

   3.Accordingtothepassage，cellphoneswerelaunched_______.

   A.inthelate1970s     B.between1980and1985

   B.inthelate1980s   D.intheearly1990s

   4.Whatdoestheword“that”standforinthesecondparagraph？

   A.Brainactivity.

   B.Herresearchfindings.

   C.Thefactthatcellphoneusemaycausecancer.

   D.Herresearchprogress.

   5.Whichofthefollowingisanappropriatetitleforthispassage？

   A.CellPhoneRadiation：

IsItHarmful？

   B.CellPhoneRadiati0n：

IsItUseful？

   C.CellPhoneRadiation：

IsItHealthy？

   D.CellPhoneRadiation：

IsItWeak？

   Passage2

   Questions6to10arebasedonthefollowingpassage：

   6.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage？

   Humanbeingshavealwayshadanabilitytoattendtoseveralthingsatonce.（78）Noriselectronicmultitaskingentirelynew：

We'vebeendrivingwhile1isteningtocarradiossincetheybecamepopularinthel930s.ButthereisnodoubtthatmultitaskinghasreachedakindofwarpspeedintheeraofWeb-enabledcomputers，whenithasbecomeroutinetoconductseveralIM（即时通讯）conversations，watchTVandusethecomputerallatonce.

   Butwhat‘stheimpactofthismediaconsumption？

Andhowarethesemultitaskingdeviceschanginghowkidslearn，reasonandcommunicatewithoneanother？

Socialscientistsandeducatorsarejustbeginningtodealwiththesequestions，buttheresearchersalreadyhavesomestrongopinions.

   （79）Althoughmultitaskingkidsmaybebetterpreparedinsomewaysfortoday‘sfast-pacedworkplace，manyscientistsarepositivelyalarmedbythetrend.Kidsthatareinstantmessagingwhiledoinghomework，playinggamesonlineandwatchingTV，aren’tgoingtodowellinthelongrun.

   Onthepositiveside，multitaskingstudentstendtobeextraordinarilygoodatfindingandusinginformation.Andprobablybecausemodemchildhoodcentersaroundvisual（视觉的）ratherthanprintmedia，theyareespeciallyskilledatanalyzingvisualdataandimages.

   Manyeducatorsandpsychologistssayparentsneedtoactivelyensurethattheirteenagersbreakfreeofuncontrollableengagementwithscreensandspendtimeinthephysicalcompanyofhumanbeings—agrowingchallengenotjustbecausetechnologyofferssuchahandyoptionbutbecausesomanykidsleadhighlyscheduledlivesthatleavelittletimeforold—fashionedsocializingandfamilymeals.Indeed，manyteenagersandcollegestudentssayovercommitted（任务过重的）schedulesdrivemuchoftheirmultitasking.

   Justasimportantisforparentsandeducatorstoteachkidsthatit‘svaluable，evenessential，tooccasionallyslowdown，unplugandtaketimetoenjoylifebeyondthescreen.

   A.Howismultitaskingdefine（定义）intheinformationage？

   B.Howdopeopleseenewtechnologyandthesocialchangeitbringsabout？

   C.Howdoestechnologychangemodernfamilylife？

   D.What‘stheimpactofmultitaskingonyoungpeople？

   7.Theexpression“warpspeed”inthefirstparagraphisclosestinmeaningto____.

   A.Lowspeed

   B.Toomuchtimealone.

   C.highspeed

   D.steadyspeed

   8.Accordingtosometeenagersandcollegestudents，whatcausestheirmultitasking？

   A.Overcommittedschedules

   B.Toomuchtimealone

   C.Inabilitytofocus

   D.Fearofbeingneglected

   9.Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingstatementisTRUE？

   A.Humanshavebeguntoengageinthemultitaskingbehaviorssincetheinformationage.

   B.Multitaskingisacriticalskillthatstudentsarerequiredtolearnatschool.

   C.Onlyparentscanhelptheirkidstogetridofthemultitaskinghabits.

   D.multitaskingmaypreparestudentsfortherealityoftoday‘sfast-pacesworkenvironment.

   10.Whatdoeducatorsandpsychologistadviseparentstodotheirmultitaskingkids？

   A.Tocutoffhomeinternetconnection.

   B.Toseekmedicaltreatment.

   C.Toencouragetheirkidstohavesomesociallife.

   D.tohelptheirkidstosetpersonalgoalsPassage3

   Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage：

   ThenuclearpoweremergencyataJapaneseatomicpowerplantlastMarchcouldleadtoamajorre-examinationinEuropeancountriesthatarealreadybuildingsuchplantsorareconsideringashiftfromfossil（化石）fuelstonuclearenergytofightclimatechange.Withtheterribleaccident，25yearsagoinChernobyl（切尔诺贝利）beginningtofadeinEuropeanmemories，governmentsacrossEuropehavegrownmoreopentousingmorenuclearpower.EnthusiasmfornuclearpowerisparticularlystronginEasternEurope，whichwantstomoveawayfromdependenceonRussianoilandnaturalgas，andonheavilypollutingcoal—firedpowerplants.Easterngovernmentshavebegunimprovingexistingnuclearplantsorarebuildingorplanningnewones.ButasJapanstruggledtodealwithhernuclearcrisis，discussionaboutthegoodandthebadofnuclearpowerbecameheated.

   （80）InGermany，nuclearpowerhasbeenarepeatedlyarguedandwidelyfeltissuefordecades.Upto70percentofGermansopposenuclearpower.Recently，about40，000peopleturnedouttoformahumanchainnearanuclearplanttoprotestgovernmentpoliciesonnuclearpower.“TheaccidentinJapancouldleadtoamajorrethinkinEurope，”saidHenrikPaulitzoftheInternationalDoctorsforthePreventionofNuclearWar.“Governmentshavenotbeenquiteopenaboutthesafetylevelsofthenuclearpowerplants.”

   Chancellor（总理）AngelaMerkelheadsacenter-fightunitygovernmentthatsupportstheuseofnuclearpower.Hergovernmentrecentlymadeadisputeddecisiontoextendthelifeofthecountry‘s17nuclearpowerplantsbyanaverageof12years.Shewillnowfacemorepressuretochangethatpolicy.Shecalledanemergencymeetingwithherseniorministers.“Weknowhowsafeourplantsareandthatwedonotfaceathreatfromsuchaseriousearthquakeorviolenttidalwave，”Mrs.Merkelsaidafterthemeeting.“WewilllearnwhatwecanfromtheeventsinJapan.

   11.Accordingtothepassage，whichofthefollowingaboutEuropeisTRUE？

   A.ItisdependentonRussiaforgasandoil.

   B.Ithasputanendtofossilfuels.

   C.Ithadamajornuclearaccidentthisyear.

   D.Itislikelythattheywouldrethinktheirnuclearpowerpolicies.

   12. Accordingtothepassage，allthefollowingstatementsaboutEasternEuropearetrueEXCEPT_______

   A.theyareeagertobuildnewnuclearpowerplants

   B.theyhavetotallyforgottentheChernobylaccident25yearsago