英语试题及答案.docx

英语试题及答案.docx

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英语试题及答案

英语试题及答案

I.ReadingComprehension

PassageOne

Ifleadership,basicallyspeaking,consistsofgettingthingsdonethroughothers,thenpersuasionisoneoftheleader’sessentialtools.Manyexecutiveshaveassumedthatthistoolisbeyondtheirgrasp,availableonlytothecharismatic（有魅力的）andtheeloquent.Overthepastseveraldecades,though,experimentalpsychologistshavelearnedwhichmethodsreliablyleadpeopletocompromise,dissent,orchange.Theirresearchshowsthatpersuasionisgovernedbyseveralprinciplesthatcanbetaughtandapplied.

Thefirstprincipleisthatpeoplearemorelikelytofollowsomeonewhoissimilartothemthansomeonewhoisnot.Wisemanagers,then,enlistpeerstohelpmaketheircases.Second,peoplearemorewillingtocooperatewiththosewhoarelikethemaswellasthosewholikethem.Soit’sworththetimetouncoverrealsimilaritiesandoffergenuinepraise.

D）persuasionisofnouse

2.Thepsychologists’researchshowsthat________.

A）persuasionisbeyondaveragepeople’sgrasp

B）persuasioncanbelearned

C）peopletendtoignoretheimportanceofpersuasion

D）peoplearebornwiththeabilitytopersuade

3.Accordingtothepassage,peoplearelesswillingtoworktogetherwith________.

A）thosewhoaredifferentfromthem

B）theirrelativesandfriends

C）thosewholikethem

D）theirclassmatesandteachers

4.Theauthorwarnsthemanager________.

A）tohaveanypromisemadebyotherswrittendown

B）nottobreaktheirpromises

C）tomakepromisesexplicitlyandwillingly

D）tohelppeoplekeeptheirpromises

5.Theexecutivescanstrengthentheirposition________.

A）eveniftheydon’thaveanyexpertise

B）iftheyknowsomethingunknowntotheirsubordinates

C）iftheyhavemorecommodities

D）eveniftheydon’tknowhowtopersuade

PassageTwo

Tradesecretescovereverythingthatpatentscover,andmuchmore.Atradesecretisknowledge,whichmayincludebusinessknowledgeortechnicalknowledge,thatiskeptsecretforthepurposeofgaininganadvantageinbusinessoverone’scompetitors.Customerlists,sourcesofsupplyofscarcematerial,orsourcesofsupplywithfasterdeliveryorlowerpricesmaybetradesecrets.Certainly,secretprocesses,formulas,techniques,manufacturingknow-how,advertisingschemes,marketingprograms,andbusinessplansareallprotectable.

Thereisnostandardofinventiontomeetasthereiswithapatent.Iftheideaisnewinthiscontext,ifitissecretwithrespecttothisparticularindustryorproduct,thenitcanbeprotectedasatradesecret.Unlikepatents,trademarks,andcopyrights,thereisnoformalprocedureforobtainingtradesecretprotection.Protectionisestablishedbythenatureofthesecretandtheefforttokeepitsecret.

Atradesecretisprotectedeternallyagainstdisclosurebyallthosewhohavereceiveditinconfidenceandallwhowouldobtainitbytheftforaslongastheknowledgeorinformationiskeptsecret.Incontrasttopatentprotection,therearenostatutory（法定的）requirementsfornoveltyorrestrictionsonthesubjectmatter.

Thedisadvantageoftradesecretscomparedwithpatentsisthatthereisnoprotectionagainstdiscoverybyfairmeans,suchasaccidentaldisclosureandindependentinventions.Manyimportantinventions,suchasthelaserandtheairplane,weredevelopedmoreorlesssimultaneouslybydifferentpersons.Tradesecretprotectionwouldnotpermitthefirstinventortopreventthesecondandsubsequentinventorsfromexploitingtheinventionasapatentwould.

6.Comparedwithpatents,tradesecrets________.

A）areeasiertoprotectB）shouldmeetcertainstandardofinvention

C）needstatutorysupportD）coveralargerscope

7.________isatradesecret.

A）MinMcDonaldB）Anemploymentcontract

C）AManualofVolkswagonD）Formula

8.Theprotectionof________becomeseffectivewithoutanyformalprocedure.

A）tradesecretsB）patentsC）copyrightsD）trademarks

9.Atradesecretdoesn’thavetobesomething________.

A）novelB）uniqueC）complicatedD）useful

10.Unlikepatents,________.

A）tradesecretscanbeobtainedbyothersillegally

II.VocabularyandStructure

11.Evennow,WorldHealthOrganization（WHO）specialistsarenotcompletelysurethatthecoronavirus（冠状病毒）,whichtheyhaveidentifiedinpatients,isthesolecause,andtherearemany_____featuresaboutthemethodoftransmission.

A）intriguingB）shinyC）puzzlingD）aggressive

12.InthesummerJimandIhavebreakfastoutonthe_____.

A）avenueB）cabinC）openD）patio

13.Thetroopswereina（n）_____position,completelyexposedtoattackfromtheair.

A）remarkableB）graveC）vulnerableD）indispensable

14.Hecamebacktothetentverylateand_____inassilentlyashecould.

A）creptB）skiedC）flutteredD）wandered

15.Allthepathsacrossthepark_____atthemaingate.

A）convergeB）transformC）departD）diverge

16.Itissurprisingsuchacriminalshould_____agreatscholar.

A）passforB）regardasC）singleoutD）boastas

17.Thisnationhasdefeatedtyrants,_____deathcampsandraisedthislampoflibertytoeverycaptiveland.

A）overseenB）enforcedC）liberatedD）unsung

18.Be_____.Ourcountryisstrong.Andourcauseisevenlargerthanourcountry.Oursisthecauseofhumandignity:

freedomguidedbyconscience,andguardedbypeace.

A）diligentB）preparedC）capableD）confident

19.Thatstoryhastoomanygapsinitto_____.

A）makesenseB）makeitC）makelikeD）makeover

20.TheBushadministrationsaysthetaxcutswillgivetheU.S.economyandtheworldeconomyabadlyneededboostandthefastergrowthwillhelplowerU.S._____deficitsinthecomingyears.

A）tariffB）statisticsC）budgetD）existence

21.ThedevelopmentandresearchofTMD（ThreatMissileDefenceSystem）doesnot_____thetrendofthetimes.

A）resultinB）gowithC）standupD）headfor

22.Insurancecompaniesblamerisingmedicalbillsforhigh_____costs.

A）policyB）painfulC）householdD）guarantee

23.AdherencetotheprincipleofoneChinaisthebasisand_____forpeacefulreunification.

A）premiseB）settlementC）commitmentD）arrangement

24.J.PMorganCanadasaidthespreadoftheSARSviruscouldslashupto1.5_____pointsoffApril-JunegrowthinCanada.

A）percentageB）undergrowthC）commitmentD）recovery

25.RecentlyIwasvisitedbyaverygoodfriendwhohadjustreturnedfromalongwalkinthewoods,andIaskedherwhatshehadobserved.“Nothing_____,”shereplied.

A）asaresultB）inparticularC）onbalanceD）atthatpoint

26.You’vegotsomethinginyoureye–try_____youreyesafewtimes.

A）orbitingB）blinkingC）sprayingD）diverging

27.Hispersistentmoaningabouthispersonalproblemshasbeenreally_____melately.

A）buggingB）enforcingC）transformingD）compelling

28.Thefactoryworkersallstarworkingat8:

00a.m.and_____at3:

00p.m.

A）headforB）takeoffC）closeinD）knockoff

29.TheU.S.HouseofRepresentativespassedabillthismonthmakingonlinegamblingafederalcrime.Criticsoftheindustrysaythecrackdownis_____.

A）onasmallscaleB）atriskC）onthelatchD）longoverdue

30.Theparentssaidtheywouldonnoaccount_____intheironlychildthesmallestdegreeofarrogance.

A）authorizeB）convergeC）recommendD）adopt

III.Cloze（10%）

Theexpression“lameduck”,canbeheardinalmostanyAmericantownorcity,especiallywherepeoplediscusspolitics.Mostoften,theyuseitto_31_apoliticianwhohascometotheendofhispower–aCongressman,forexample,whohasafewmoreweeksinofficeandwill_32_beoutofajob.

Thereareanumberofideas_33_where“lameduck”camefrom,_34_thepictureisclearenough–aduckthathasitswingsclipped,oritsweb-feetinjured,andcan_35_walkorwaddlelikeahealthyone.

ThetermseemstohavecreptintotheAmericanlanguagesometimeafterthe_36_warof1861-1865.Oneexplanationisthatitcamefromthelanguageofhunterswhofeltthatitwasfoolishto_37_powderortimeonadeadduck.Andalameduck–evenasittingduck–iscloseto_38_adeadduck.Anotherexplanation,however,saysthattheexpressioncame_39_England.Thereitwasusedtodescribeamanwholostallhis_40_instocks,wascleanedoutandcouldnotpayhisdebts.Hecouldnonothing_41_waddleofflikealameduck.And–sothestorygoes–peopleshowed_42_mercyforthepoorfellow.

ButintheUnitedStatespeopletookthephrasetodescribeacongressmanwho_43_togetreelectedbutstillhadalittletimeleftinofficeuntilhissuccessorwasswornin.

Intime,theexpressionwasusedinabroader_44_,generallydescribinganyman_45_daysofpowerwerecomingtoanend.IthasoftenbeenusedtodescribethepositionofanAmericanpresidentinthelasttwoyearsorsoofhissecond_46_.Itisadifficulttimeforhim,whenCongressisreadyto_47_himateveryturn.

ItmayrefusetoworkwithhimsimplybecausehisdaysintheWhiteHousearenumbered._48_sunissetting.Itisnotahappytime.Itislikeoldagecomingon.Andpeople,likeanimals,arecrueltolameducks,readyto_49_themout.Theireyesarealreadyturnedtowardthenewleader,thenewmanin_50_.

31.A）promoteB）judgeC）rewardD）describe

32.A）thenB）alsoC）thusD）already

33.A）ontoB）aboveC）toD）asto

34.A）forB）sinceC）althoughD）once

35.A）usuallyB）nolongerC）ofcourseD）still

36.A）nationalB）wordC）civilD）country

37.A）saveB）wasteC）utilizeD）consume

38.A）beB）pretendingC）beingD）taming

39.A）toB）ou