浙教版备战中考初中英语专项训练阅读理解科普环保类D卷.docx

浙教版备战中考初中英语专项训练阅读理解科普环保类D卷.docx

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浙教版备战中考初中英语专项训练阅读理解科普环保类D卷

浙教版2020年备战中考初中英语专项训练—阅读理解（科普环保类）D卷

姓名:

________班级:

________成绩:

________

一、阅读理解（共5题；共52分）

1.（10分）阅读理解

Mymotherusedtoaskmewhatthemostimportantpartofthebodywas.Igotdifferentanswersatdifferentages.

WhenIwasyoung,Ithoughtsoundwasveryimportanttous,soIsaid,"Myears,Mum."Butsheshookherheadandsaidno.Severalyearspassed,andsheaskedmeagain.IbelievedthatIgottherightanswerafterthinkingitover.SoItoldher，"Sightisveryimportanttoeveryone,soitmustbeoureyes."ButshetoldmeIwaswrong.Itriedmanytimesafterthat,butheranswerwasalwaysthesame.Tilllastyear,mygrandmadied.Everybodywascrying,andeverybodywashurt.Mymomlookedatmeandaskedmewithtearsinhereyes，"Doyouknowtheanswernow？

"Iwassurprisedwhensheaskedmethisquestionthen."Myson,theanswerisyourshoulder.Everyoneneedsashouldertocryon."

Finally,Irealized（意识到）allshehopedisthatIcanhaveenoughloveandfriendssothatIwillhaveashouldertocryonwhenIneedit.

（1）Accordingtothepassage,________arethemostimportantpartofthebody.

A.eyes    

B.ears    

C.feet    

D.shoulders    

（2）Thewritergave________tothesamequestionatdifferentages.

A.thesameanswer    

B.differentanswers    

C.fouranswers    

D.therightanswer    

（3）________gavetherightanswertothequestionatlast.

A.Thewriter'sfather    

B.Thewriter'smother    

C.Thewriter    

D.Thewriter'sgrandma    

（4）Thewritergottherightansweronthedaywhen________.

A.hisgrandmadied    

B.somebodywashurt    

C.hismotherwassurprised    

D.hewasyoung    

2.（12分）阅读理解

Art,asweknow,issubjective.Whatonepersonconsidersapricelessmasterpieceothersmightseeasnothingmorethanagiantblacksquare.Butthere'soneveryspecifickindofpaintingthatalmosteveryoneseesthesameway-thekindwiththe""strange"eyesthatseemtofollowyouaroundtheroom.Sowhatcausesthisopticalillusion（视觉错觉）andhowdoartistsachievethiseffect?

Itturnsout,forevenamoderatelyskilledartist,thiseffectisn'tadifficultthingtoachieve,Infact,theartistsneedtousealittleillusionofdepth,makingthepersondepictedonthecanvasappearssomewhat3Dona2Dcanvas,andtoadjust.thegaze（凝视）oftheeyessothattheywouldbelookingatsomeonestandingrightinfrontofthepicture.

Sowhatexactlyisgoingonhereinourbrainsthatthenmakesitseemliketheeyesfollowyouevenifyoumoveawayfrombeingfrontandcenter?

AsdemonstratedbyateamofresearchersfromOhioStateUniversity,asyoumovetotheside,the"near?

and"far"pointsofthe2Dimagedon'treallychange.Thesenearandfarpointsaredefinedasvisiblepointsthat,iftheimagewas3D,wouldappearnearestandfurthestawayfromthevieweratagivenangle.

Theideaissimple.Nomatterwhatangleyoulookatapainingfrom,thepaintingitselfdoesn'tchange.You'relookingataflatsurface.Thekeyisthatthenearpointsandfarpointsofthepictureremainedthesamenomattertheanglethepicturewasviewedfrom.Whenobservingrealsurfacesinthenaturalenvironmentthenearandfarpointsvarywhenwechangeviewingdirection.Whenweobserveapictureonthewall,thevisualinformationthatdefinesnearandfarpointsisunaffectedbyviewingdirection.Still,wewillinglyacceptandinterpretthethinginthepaintingasifitwerearealobject.

Thus,becausetheperspective,shadows,andlightonthepaintingdon'tchangeasyoumovearound,iftheeyesinthepaintingwouldbestaringdirectlyattheobserverwhoisstandinginfrontofthepainting,itcreatessomethingofanopticalillusioninyourbrainsothattheeyeswillcontinuetoseemtostareatyouasyoumovetotheside.

Incontrasttotheeyesfollowingyoutrick,iftheartisttweaksthepaintingabit,forexampletheartistadjuststhegazeoftheeyessothattheeyesarelookingoffsomewhereelseinsteadofdirectlylookingatapotentialobserver,nomatterwhereyoustand,theeyeswillneverseemtobelookingatyou.

Thetechniquefirstbeganpopularlyshowingupinartaroundthe14thcenturywhentheartistandarchitectFillipoBrunelleshiintroducedtheartworldtotheideaof"linearperspective",beingpaintingwiththeideaofeverythinginthepictureconverging（聚集）onaspecificpointonthehorizon,creatingtheillusionofdepth.Linearperspective,combinedwithskilleduseoflightandshadow,allowsartiststocreatemasterfullyrealisticpaintings,includingsometimesofpeoplethatstareatyoucreepilynomatterwhereyoustand.

（1）What'sthewriter'spurposeofwritingParagraph1?

A.Toleadinthequestionwhystaringeyesseemtofollowusinapainting,

B.Tomakeacomparisonbetweenapricelessmasterpieceandablacksquare.

C.Tointroducethetopicthattheopticalillusioncanmakethepaintinglookreal.

D.Toprovethatpeoplecanthinkalikewhentheyadmireacertainkindofpainting.

（2）Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Thevisiblepointsoftheimagewon'tchangeinthenaturalenvironment.

B.Thenearandfarpointsofapaintingareaffectedbyourviewingdirection.

C.Theviewingdirectionofviewerscanmaketheimageinthepaintinglookteal

D.Theopticalillusioninourbrainmakesusfeeltheeyesinthepaintingstaringatus.

（3）The3rdparagraphismainlyabout__________.

A.whotookpartintheresearch.    

B.howlongtheresearchlasted.    

C.whatwasfoundintheresearch,    

D.howtheresearchwasperformed.    

（4）What'sthemeaningoftheunderlinedword"tweak"inthepassage?

A.change    

B.decorate    

C.move    

D.turn    

3.（10分）（2017八下·萧山期中）阅读下列短文,从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项。

D

Doyounoticemusicplayingtherewhenyougosomewhere?

Todaymoststores,stationsrestaurantsandotherplacesplaymusic.Youmightevenhearmusicinanofficeoronafarm.

Scientistsbelievethatmusicchangesthewaypeoplebehave.TheythinkthatWesternclassicalmusicmakespeoplefeelrich.Whenarestaurantplaysclassicalmusic,peoplespendmoremoneyonfoodanddrinks.Whentherestaurantplaysmodernmusic,peoplespendlessmoney.Withoutmusic,peoplespendevenless.

Scientistsalsobelievethatloud,fastmusicmakespeopleeatfaster.Infact,peopleeattheirfoodfasterwhenthemusicgetsfaster.Somerestaurantsplayfastmusicduringtheirbusyhours.Thisgetspeopletoeatfasterandleavemorequickly.Restaurantscanmakemoremoneythisway.

Somescientiststhinkthatmusicmakespeoplethinkandlearnbetter.Theysaythatmusichelpsstudentsbemoreactive.Itistruethatpeoplelearnbetterwhentheyarerelaxed.Andlisteningtomusiccanhelppeoplerelax.

Nexttimeyouhearmusicsomewhere,becareful.Itmightchangethewayyoudothings.

（1）

Accordingtothetext,scientistsbelievethatmusiccan_______.

A.Createdifferentfeelingsforus    

B.Helpustodevelopgoodhabits    

C.Developourinterestinmoney    

D.Influencenaturalenvironments    

（2）

Westernclassicalmusicmakespeoplefeel_________.

A.slower

B.Somethingaboutmanners

C.richer

D.Somethingwithnewstyles

（3）

Whichtypeofmusicbelowcanmakepeopleeatfaster?

A.Lightmusic.

B.Rockmusic.

C.Sweetmusic.

D.Softmusic.

（4）

Thehabitoflisteningtomusiccanmakeastudent___________.

A.slowinaction

B.careaboutmanners

C.thinkandlearnbetter

D.worryaboutstudies

（5）

Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?

A.Musicinrestaurants

B.GoodandBadmusic

C.Typesofmusic

D.MusicandBehavior

4.（10分）根据短文内容，选择正确答案。

D

Theword“day”hastwomeanings.Whenwetalkaboutthenumberofdaysinayear,weareusing“day”tomean24hours.Butwhenwetalkaboutdayandnight,weareusing“day”tomeanthetimebetweensunriseandsunset.Sincetheearthlookslikeaball,thesuncanshineononlyhalfofitatatime.Alwaysonehalfoftheearthishavingdayandtheotherhalfnight.Aplaceismovedfromdayintonightandfromnightintodayoverandoverbythespinning（旋转）oftheearth.Attheequator（赤道）dayandnightaresometimesthesamelength.Theyareeachtwelvehourslong.Thesunrisesat6inthemorningandsetsat6intheevening.ForsixmonthstheNorthPoleistilted（倾斜）towardthesun.InthosemonthstheNorthernHemisphere（半球）getsmorehoursofsunlightthantheSouthernHemisphere.Daysarelongerthannights.Southoftheequatornightsarelongerthandays.FortheothersixmonthstheNorthPoleistiltedawayfromthesun.ThentheSouthernHemispheregetsmoresunlight.Daysarelongerthannight.Northoftheequatornightsarelongerthandays.Winteristheseasonoflongnights.Summeristheseasonoflongdays.

（1）

WhentheWesternHemisphereishavingday,theEasternHemisphereishaving_________.

A.bothdayandnight

B.day

C.neitherdaynornight

D.night

（2）

Aplaceismovedfromdayintonightandfromnightintodayoverandoverby_________oftheearth.

A.thepushing

B.thepulling

C.thespinning

D.thepassing

（3）

Attheequatordayisaslongasnight___________.

A.sometimes

B.never

C.usually

D.always

（4）

WhentheNorthPoleistiltedtowardthesun,theNorthernHemispheregets___________sunlight.

A.less

B.more

C.all

D.no

5.（10分）（2017八下·萧山期末）阅读理解

NoCarDaywasfirststartedby34citiesinFranceonSeptember22,1998.Itwasstartedtoprotecttheenvironment.Bynow,morethan1,000citiesaroundtheworldhavehadaNoCarDay.

ThefirstNoCarDayinChinawasinChengduin2001.Othercities,includingTaipei