年代0初中英语第六册.docx
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年代0初中英语第六册
初中英语课本第六册
LESSON1
DRILLS（句型练习）
1
（1）ManypeoplespeakEnglish.
Englishisspokenbymanypeople.
（2）WeoftenusearecorderinourEnglishclass.
ArecorderisoftenusedinourEnglishclass.
（3）Theyshowslidesonceaweekintheirclass.
Slidesareshownonceaweekintheirclass.
（4）TheypublishEnglishtextbooksinthatpublishinghouse.
Englishtextbooksarepublishedinthatpublishinghouse.
2
A:
Isthiskindof
telephone
bicycle
TVset
recorder
madeinGuangzhou?
B:
No,itisn’t.
A:
Whereisitmade?
B:
It’smadeinShanghai.
DIALOGUE（对话）
ENGLISHISWIDELYUSED
Ping:
Dad,Igota“C”inEnglishagain.Itriedmybest.
Dad:
Well,don’tgiveup.Englishmaybehard,butit’ssouseful.
Ping:
HowwidelyisEnglishused?
Dad:
Verywidely.Englishisoneoftheworkinglanguagesatinternationalmeetings.It’sprobablythemostwidelyusedatthosemeetings.AnddoyouknowmostinternationalbusinesslettersarewritteninEnglish?
Ping:
Really?
IsEnglishunderstoodbypeopleoutsideEnglandandtheUnitedStates?
Dad:
Yes.IspokeEnglishwhenIwasinJapan.Manypeopleunderstoodme.
Ping:
Howaboutothercountries?
Dad:
Well,IknowthatinSwedenandFrancealotofpeopleunderstandEnglish.
Ping:
IsEnglishthelanguagespokenbythelargestnumberofpeopleintheworld?
Dad:
No.
Ping:
ThenChinesemusthavethelargestnumberofspeakers.
Dad:
Right.ButChineseisspokenbyfewpeopleoutsideChina.
Ping:
Dad,didpeopleinChinastudyEnglishalongtimeago?
Dad:
Notsoverylongago.InChinathefirstEnglishtextbookswerepublishedinthelatenineteenthcentury.
Ping:
DidmanypeopleinChinastudyEnglishatthattime?
Dad:
No,notmany.Butbyandby,moreandmorepeoplebegantostudyEnglish.Later,Englishwasrequiredforstudyinmanyschools.
Ping:
It’srequiredinourschoolnow.But,Dad,Englishissohard!
Dad:
Itishard,butwhenyou’velearnedit,you’llfinditabridgetosomuchknowledge.Andyou’llfindyoucanenjoysomanymorebooks,ifyouknowEnglish.
Ping:
Well,I’lltryharder.
GRAMMAR（语法）
被动语态（ThePassiveVoice）（Ⅰ）
1、主动语态和被动语态
英语动词有两种语态，即主动语态（TheActiveVoice）和被动语态（ThePassiveVoice）。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者。
例如：
ManypeoplespeakEnglish.（主动语态）
Englishisspokenbymanypeople.（被动语态）
2、被动语态的构成
被动语态由“助动词be+及物动词的过去分词”构成。
助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化，其变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样。
现将动词ask的一般现在时被动语态的肯定式、否定式及疑问式列表如下：
肯定式
否定式
疑问式
Iam
Youare
Heisasked…
She
We
Youare
They
Iam
Youare
Heisnotasked…
She
We
Youare
They
AmI
Areyou
Ishe
sheasked…?
we
Areyou
they
3、被动语态的用法
被动语态常用于下列情况：
1）当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时。
例如：
A）Lettersarecollectedfromthispost-boxat7:
30everymorning.（主要说明每天早晨七点半钟开邮筒收集信件，至于是谁来收集信件，没有必要说明。
）
B）ColourTVsaresoldinthatshop.（主要说明彩色电视机在那个商店出售，至于由谁售货，没有必要说明。
）
2）需要强调动作的承受者而不是执行者时。
例如：
A）Thiskindofbikeisnotmadeinourfactory.
B）Footballisplayedinmostmiddleschools.
4、主动语态变为被动语态的方法
把主动结构改为被动结构时，要作如下变动：
1）主动结构的宾语变为被动结构的主语；
2）主动结构的谓语动词有主动语态变为被动语态；
3）主动结构的主语变为介词by的宾语，组成介词短语，放在被动结构中谓语动词之后。
在动作的执行者无须说明或不必强调时，by短语可以省略。
例如：
ManypeoplespeakEnglish.
Englishisspokenbymanypeople.
B）WeoftenusearecorderinourEnglishclass.→
Arecorderisoftenused（byus）inourEnglishclass.
LESSON2
DRILLS（句型练习）
1
（1）ThePLAliberatedmyhometownin1949.
Myhometownwasliberatedin1949.
（2）Thevillagersbuiltsomenewhousesthemselves.
Somenewhouseswerebuiltbythevillagersthemselves.
（3）JoeHillledastrikeinSaltLakeCityin1915.
AstrikewasledbyJoeHillinSaltLakeCityin1915.
（4）Thepianistgavethepupilssomeadvice.
Thepupilsweregivensomeadvicebythepianist.
2
A:
Whenwas
theChineseCommunistParty
theChinesePeople’sLiberationArmy
thepeople’sRepublicofChina
founded?
B:
Itwasfoundedon
July1,1921.
August1,1927.
October1,1949.
TEXT（课文）
JOEHILL
YoumayknowthesongaboutJoeHill.Butdoyouknowthatthesongwaswrittenaboutarealperson?
HereisthestoryofJoeHill.
HewasborninSwedenin1879.WhenhewasinhistwentieshewenttotheUnitedStatesandbecameaworker.Atthattime,thingswerehardfortheworkers.Joetookanactivepartin（积极参加）theworkers’strugglesforbetterpayandbetterconditions.Hehelpedtoformtradeunions.Hespokeatmeetingsandorganizedstrikes.
Joewasagoodmusicianandatthemeetingshesangandplayedthepiano.Hehimselfwrotethewordsandmusicofthesongs.Manyofthesesongscalledon（号召）theworkerstotakeupthestruggle（从事斗争）.
JoeHillwasatall,thin,good-lookingman.Hehadfairhairandblueeyes.Hiscomradeslikedhim,butthebosseshatedhim,becausetheywereafraidofhisworkamongtheworkersandafraidofhissongs.Hewasafearlessfighterfortheworkingclass.
In1915JoeHillledastrikeinSaltLakeCity.ThebossesknewthatJoewasthesoulofthestrikeanddecidedtogetridof（除掉，去掉）him.Theyneedanexcuseandtheysoonfoundone.Onedayamanwasmurdered.Thebossesthenbroughtout（提供，推出）amanwhosaidthatJoewasthemurderer.Joewastriedandsentencedtodeath.HewasshotonNovember19,1915.
Evenwhilehewasinprison,JoeHillwentonwritingsongstokeepup（坚持；不使斗志等低落）theworkers’fight.Justbeforehewaskilled,hesentamessagetohiscomradesalloverthecountry.Thesewerehislastwords:
“Don’twastetimemourning.Organize.”
Onthedayhewaskilled,aspeakeratabigmeetingsaid:
“JoeHillisn’tdead!
Hewillneverdie!
”Tothisday（直到今天）hisnameisrememberedbyfightingworkersintheUnitedStates.
GRAMMAR（语法）
被动语态（ThePassiveVoice）（Ⅱ）
5、一般过去时被动语态的肯定式、否定式和疑问式（以动词ask为例）
肯定式
否定式
疑问式
Iwas
Youwere
Hewasasked…
She
We
Youwere
They
Iwas
Youwere
Hewasnotasked…
She
We
Youwere
They
WasI
Wereyou
Washe
sheasked…?
we
Wereyou
they
6、含有直接宾语和的主动结构变为被动结构时，可以将其中一个宾语变为主语，另一个不动。
一般是主动结构的间接宾语变为被动结构的主语。
例如：
Thepianistgavethepupilssomeadvice.→
（间接宾语）（直接宾语）
Thepupilsweregivensomeadvice（bythepianist）.
Someadvicewasgiventothepupils（bythepianist）
LESSON3
DRILLS（句型练习）
1
A:
You’rejustbackfromyourhometown,aren’tyou?
B:
Yes.
A:
Howarethingsthere?
B:
Excellent.Greatchangeshavetakenplacethelasttwoyears.
Anewschool
Abigbuilding
Anewroad
hasbeen
opened
putup
built
inmyhometown
2
A:
Has
theplay
thisprogramme
thissong
been
putonatthistheatre?
shownonTV?
taughtontheradio?
B:
Yes,itwas
puton
shown
taught
lastweek.
A:
Willitbe
puton
shown
taught
again?
B:
Yes,Ithinkso.（I’msorryIdon’tknow.）
TEXT（课文）
DUSTMENONSTRIKE
ItisThursdaymorning.NodustmencometotheTurners’road.Theyarestillonstrike.Andtherubbishhasnotbeencollectedforweeks.
TheTurnersaresittingatthebreakfasttable.MrTurnerisreadingthenewspaper.ItistimeforRoberttogotoschool.
Robert:
I’dbetterbegoing.’Bye.
MrsTurner:
Oh,Robert,takethebagofrubbishouttothedustbin,please.
Robert:
ButwherecanIputit?
Thedustbinisfull,Mum.
MrsTurner:
Hasn’titbeenemptiedyet?
Well,justputitnearthedustbin,then.
Robert:
Allright.’Bye.
MrsTurner:
Thisreallyistoobad.Thedustbinshaven’tbeenemptiedforthreeweeks.
MrTurner:
Hm?
MrsTurner:
Allthedustbinsarefull,andtherearebagsofrubbisheverywhere.Thewholestreethasbeenturnedintoonebigrubbishdump.Itsmellsterrible.
MrTurner:
Anditcanbringmoretrouble.
MrsTurner:
Moretrouble?
MrTurner:
Yes,we’vebeenwarnedtobecarefulofrats.
MrsTurner:
Aren’tthedustmengoingbacktoworkyet?
MrTurner:
No,theyaren’t.Look,there’sareporthereinthenewspaper,withpictures.I’llreadittoyou.
（reads）
STRIKEGOESON
Thingsaregettingworse.Norubbishhasbeencollectedsincethedustmenwentonstrikethreeweeksago.Dustbinsarefull,andplasticbagsfullofrubbishhavebeenpiledinthestreets.Thesmellisterrible.Insomeplacesratshaveevenbeenseen,andpeoplehavebeenwarnedtobecareful.
Thepublicwantstoknow:
whyhasn’tanythingbeendonetoendthestrike?
Thedustmensaytheyarebadlypaidandtheywantmoremoney.Theyarenotgoingbacktoworkuntiltheygetit.Butthatisnotall.Theywanttomakeitcleartothepublicthattheydoanimportantandnecessaryjob.
MrsTurner:
That’strue.Theirjobisimportantandnecessarytousall.
MrTurner:
Somethingmustbedonetoendthestrike.
GRAMMAR（语法）
被动语态（ThePassiveVoice）（Ⅲ）
7、一般将来时和现在完成时的被动语态
1）一般将来时
Iwill（shall）
You
Hewill
Shebeasked…
Wewill（shall）
You
Theywill
2）现在完成时
Ihave
You
Hehasbeenasked…
She
We
Youhave
They
8、短语动词的被动语态
一般来说，只有及物动词才有被动语态，因为只有及物动词才可能有动作的承受者。
但有许多由不及物动词加介词构成的短语动词，相当于及物动词，可以有宾语，因而也可以有被动语态。
但应注意：
短语动词是一个不可分割的整体，在变为被动语态时，不可丢掉构成短语动词的介词或副词。
例如：
a）Theworkershaveputupabigbuildinginmyhometown.→
Abigbuildinghasbeenputupinmyhometown.
b）Theytookgoodcareofthechildren.→
Thechildrenweretakengoodcareof.
LESSON4
DRILLS（句型练习）
1
A:
Can
thislock
thiskindofkey
thisradio
be
repaired
made
fixed
here?
B:
Yes,itcanbe
repaired
made
fixed
in
twodays.
tenminutes.
threedays.
2
A:
Whenmust
thecomposition
thedrawing
themoneyforthetickets
behandedin?
B:
Itmustbehandedin
afterclass.
fivedaysbeforetheexhibition.
sometimebeforeFriday.
TEXT（课文）
WATER,STEAMANDICE
Wehaveallplayedwithsnowandice.Whenapieceoficeistakenintoawarmroom,itbecomessmallerandsmaller,untilintheenditdisappearscompletely.Wherehasitgone?
Ith
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