考研英语一真题及答案.docx

考研英语一真题及答案.docx

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考研英语一真题及答案

2016英语一考研真题及参考答案

Section1UseofEnglish

Directions:

Readthefollowingtext.Choosethebestword（s）foreachnumberedblankandmark[A],[B],[C]or[D]onANSWERSHEET1.（10points）

      In Cambodia, the choice of a spouse is a complexonefor the youngmale.Itmayinvolvenotonlyhisparentsandhisfriends, __1__those of the youngwoman, butalso a matchmaker.Ayoungmancan__2__alikelyspouseonhisownandthenaskhisparentsto__3__themarriagenegotiations,ortheyoungman’sparentsmaytakethechoiceofaspouse,givingthechildlittletosayintheselection.__4__,agirlmayvetothespouseherparentshavechosen.__5__aspousehasbeenselected,eachfamilyinvestigatestheothertomakesureitschildismarrying__6__agoodfamily.

      The traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. Formerly it lasted three days, __7__1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. Buddhist priests offer a short sermon and __8__ prayers of blessing. Par--ts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting,__9__cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride's and groom's wrists, and __10__a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the __11__. Newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife's parents and may__12__ with them up to a year, __13__they can build a new house nearby.

      Divorce is legalandeasyto__14__, butnotcommon.Divorcedpersonsare__15__withsomedisapproval.Each spouse retains___16___propertyheorshe__17__into the marriage, andjointly-acquiredproperty is __18__equally.Divorcedpersonsmayremarry,but agenderprejudice__19__up. The divorcedmaledoesn'thave a waitingperiodbeforehecanremarry__20__thewomanmustwaittenmonths.

1.  A. by way of    B. with regard to      C. on behalf of         D. as well as

2.  A. decide on    B. provide for     C. compete with       D. adapt to

3.  A. close          B. arrange              C. renew                 D. postpone

4.  A. In theory     B. Above all            C. In time               D. For example

5.  A. Unless       B. Less              C. After            D. Although

6.  A. into          B. within                C. from                  D. through

7.  A. or            B. since                  C. but                    D. so

8.  A. test          B. copy                  C. recite                  D. create

9.  A. folding      B. piling                 C. wrapping              D. tying

10.A. passing         B. lighting              C. hiding                D. serving

11.A. association    B. meeting              C. collection            D. union

12.A. deal            B. part                  C. grow                   D. live

13.A. whereas       B. until                  C. for                    D.if

14.A. avoid           B. follow                 C. challenge            D. obtain

15.A. isolated        B. persuaded          C. viewed                D. exposed

16.A. wherever      B. whatever            C. whenever            D. however

17.A. changed       B. brought              C. shaped               D. pushed

18.A. invested        B. divided             C. donated           D. withdrawn

19.A. warms          B. clears                  C. shows           D. breaks

20.A. while            B. so that                C. once                  D. in that

SectionⅡReadingComprehension

PartA

Directions：

Readthefollowingfourtexts.AnswerthequestionsaftereachtextbychoosingA,B,CorD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.（40points）

Text1

   France，whichpridesitselfastheglobalinnovatoroffashion,hasdecideditsfashionindustryhaslostanabsoluterighttodefinephysicalbeautyforwomen.Itslawmakersgavepreliminaryapprovallastweektoalawthatwouldmakeitacrimetoemployultra-thinmodelsonrunways.Theparliamentalsoagreedtobanwebsitesthat“inciteexcessivethinness”bypromotingextremedieting.

   Suchmeasureshaveacoupleofupliftingmotives.Theysuggestbeautyshouldnotbedefinedbylooksthatendupimpingingonhealth.That’sastart.Andthebanonultra-thinmodelsseemstogobeyondprotectingmodelsfromstarvingthemselvestodeath–assomehavedone.Ittellsthefashionindustrythatitmusttakeresponsibilityforthesignalitsendswomen,especiallyteenagegirls,aboutthesocialtape-measuretheymustusetodeterminetheirindividualworth.

   Thebans,iffullyenforced,wouldsuggesttowomen（andmanymen）thattheyshouldnotletothersbearbitersoftheirbeauty.Andperhapsfaintly,theyhintthatpeopleshouldlooktointangiblequalitieslikecharacterandintellectratherthandietingtheirwaytosizezeroorwasp-waistphysiques.

   TheFrenchmeasures,however,relytoomuchonseverepunishmenttochangeaculturethatstillregardsbeautyasskin-deep-andbone-showing.Underthelaw,usingafashionmodelthatdoesnotmeetagovernment-definedindexofbodymasscouldresultina$85,000fineandsixmonthsinprison.

   Thefashionindustryknowsithasaninherentprobleminfocusingonmaterialadornmentandidealizedbodytypes.InDenmark,theUnitedStates,andafewothercountries,itistryingtosetvoluntarystandardsformodelsandfashionimagesthatrelymoreonpeerpressureforenforcement.

IncontrasttoFrance’sactions,Denmark’sfashionindustryagreedlastmonthonrulesandsanctionsregardingtheage,health,andothercharacteristicsofmodels.ThenewlyrevisedDanishFashionEthicalCharterclearlystates:

”Weareawareofandtakeresponsibilityfortheimpactthefashionindustryhasonbodyideals,especiallyonyoungpeople”.Thecharter’smaintoolofenforcementistodenyaccessfordesignersandmodelingagenciestoCopenhagenFashionWeek（CFW）,whichisrunbytheDanishFashionInstitute.Butingeneralitreliesonaname-and-shamemethodofcompliance.

Relyingonethicalpersuasionratherthanlawtoaddressthemisuseofbodyidealsmaybethebeststep.Evenbetterwouldbetohelpelevatenotionsofbeautybeyondthematerialstandardsofaparticularindustry.   

21.Accordingtothefirstparagraph，whatwouldhappeninFrance?

【A】Physicalbeautywouldberedefined.

【B】Newrunwayswouldbeconstructed.

【C】Websitesaboutdietingwouldthrive.

【D】Thefashionindustrywoulddecline.

22.Thephrase“impingingon”（Line2，Para.2）isclosestinmeaningto

【A】heighteningthevalueof

【B】indicatingthestateof

【C】losingfaithin

【D】doingharmto

23.Whichofthefollowingistrueofthefashionindustry？

【A】TheFrenchmeasureshavealreadyfailed.

【B】NewstandardsarebeingsetinDenmark.

【C】Modelsarenolongerunderpeerpressure.

【D】Itsinherentproblemsaregettingworse.

24.AdesignerismostlikelytoberejectedbyCFWfor

【A】pursuingperfectphysicalconditions

【B】caringtoomuchaboutmodel’scharacter.

【C】showinglittleconcernforhealthfactors

【D】settingahighagethresholdformodels.

25.Whichofthefollowingmaybethebesttitleofthetext?

【A】AChallengetotheFashionIndustry’sBodyIdeals

【B】ADilemmafortheStarvingmodelsinFrance

【C】JustAnotherRoundofStruggleforBeauty

【D】TheGreatThreatstotheFashionIndustry

Text2

   Forthefirsttimeinhistorymorepeopleliveintownsthaninthecountry.InBritainthishashadacuriousresult.WhilepollsshowBritonsrate”thecountryside”alongsidetheroyalfamily,ShakespeareandtheNationalHealthSerivce（NHS）aswhatmakesthemproudestoftheircountry,thishaslimitedpoliticalsupport.

  AcenturyagoOctaviaHillLaunchedtheNationalTrustnottorescuestylishhousesbuttosave“thebeautyofnaturalplacesforeveryoneforever”. Itwasspecificallytoprovidecitydwellerswithspacesforleisurewheretheycouldexperience“arefreshingair.”Hill’spressurelaterledtocreationofnationalparksandgreenbelts.Theydon’tmakecountrysideanymore，andeveryyearconcreteconsumesmoreofit.Itneedsconstantguardianship.

  Atthenextelectionnoneofthebigpartiesseemlikelytoendorsethissentiment.Theconservatives’planningreformexplicitlygivesruraldevelopmentpriorityoverconservation，evenauthorising“off-plan”buildingwherelocalpeoplemightobject.Theconceptofsustainabledevelopmenthasbeendefinedasprofitable.Labourlikewisewantstodiscontinuelocalplanningwherecouncilsopposedevelopment.TheLiberalDemocratsaresilent.OnlyUkip,sensingitschance,hassidedwiththosepleadingforamoreconsideredapproachtousinggreenland.ItsCampaigntoProtectRuralEnglandstruckterrorintomanylocalconservativeparties.

Thesensibleplacetobuildnewhouses，factoriesandofficesiswherepeopleare，incitiesandtownswhereinfrastructureisinplace.TheLondonagentsStirlingAckroydrecentlyidentifiedenoughsitesforhalfamillionhousesintheLondonareaalone，withnointrusionongreenbelt.WhatistrueofLondoniseventrueroftheprovinces.

 Theideathat”housingcrisis”equals“concretedmeadows”ispurelobbytalk.Theissueisnottheneedformorehousesbut,asalways，wheretoputthem.Underlobbypressure，GeorgeOsbornefavoursruralnew-buildagainsturbanrenovationandrenewal.Hefavoursout-of-townshoppingsitesagainsthighstreets.Thisisnotafreemarketbutabiasedone.Ruraltownsandvillageshavegrownandwillalwaysgrow.Theydosobestwherebuildingstickstotheiredgesandrespectstheircharacter.WedonotruinurbanDevelopmentshouldbeplanned,notletrip.AftertheNetherlands,BritainisEurope’smostcrowedcountry.Halfacenturyoftownandcountryplann